tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-65472854085461158562024-03-25T07:19:43.720-07:00Wackershofen Anno DominiCécilehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02009738211287483235noreply@blogger.comBlogger202125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-49918877575745924162024-03-14T04:25:00.000-07:002024-03-14T04:31:51.374-07:00Posthalter / Postmaster: Johann Caspar Schmidt<p> Als 2. Teil unserer Serie von Recherchen für unsere Veranstaltung</p><p style="text-align: center;">"Anno Domini 1734 - Die Post kommt"</p><p style="text-align: justify;">wenden wir uns diesmal dem Posthalter zu nachdem wir zuletzt Postreiter und Briefträger angeschaut haben [1]. Da wir im Fall des 1734 tätigen Posthalters Johann Caspar Schmidt erstaunlich viel über sein Leben wissen, werden wir weniger auf andere Beispiele schauen. Von den Haller Postreitern kennen wir ja aus der für uns interessanten Zeitspanne nur Philipp Reichart Grätter (gestorben 1724?) [2] [3] und Hans Caspar Schmidt.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">As the 2nd part of our series of research for our event</span></i></p><p style="text-align: center;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">"Anno Domini 1734 - The post is coming"</span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">This time we turn to the postmaster after we last looked at the postman and letter carrier [1]. Since we know a surprising amount about the life of the postmaster Johann Caspar Schmidt, who worked in 1734, we will look less at other examples. Of the Hall post riders, we only know Philipp Reichart Grätter (died 1724?) [2] [3] and Hans Caspar Schmidt from the period that interests us.</span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHD_nqlgfX1TnY04jLxSEHMOqNZKdL6Ua43fpo6tgB-2YX0Ozgy_2GftPxTGyIlu6WBQ0kdR_0QDLeRzlVo14s42w0SysExWRrbwL5r93fKYvgoj8p8rfCcFuR1GptzVscRSZvCeA-_0rSN8rDAyf9fuc8Xtd4Mr6ViqFYB8bDpks0AWa6k_cC234eKO0/s2048/IMG_1108.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHD_nqlgfX1TnY04jLxSEHMOqNZKdL6Ua43fpo6tgB-2YX0Ozgy_2GftPxTGyIlu6WBQ0kdR_0QDLeRzlVo14s42w0SysExWRrbwL5r93fKYvgoj8p8rfCcFuR1GptzVscRSZvCeA-_0rSN8rDAyf9fuc8Xtd4Mr6ViqFYB8bDpks0AWa6k_cC234eKO0/s320/IMG_1108.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ansicht von Schwäbisch Hall nach dem großen Stadtbrand von 1728. Ganz links bei den zwei schmalen Türmen liegt die Gelbinger Gasse. - <i>A view on Schwäbisch Hall after the great fire of 1728. At the far left near the two slim towers is the Gelbinger Gasse. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Der Posthalter war der Vorsteher einer Posthalterei. Im Falle von Schwäbisch Hall lässt sich nachweisen, dass Johann Caspar Schmidt beide Häuserhälften der heutigen Gelbinger Gasse 91 erwarb. Bereits 1692 hatte Hans Caspar Schmidt, der offenbar mit Johann Caspar Schmidt identisch ist, als Postreiter die eine Haushälfte, die seinem Vorgänger als Postreiter Phil. R. Grätter gehört hatte, der Stadt für 510 Gulden abgekauft. Am 13. September 1692 heiratete Schmidt zum ersten Mal [4]. Schmidt konnte schließlich für 490 Gulden auch die andere Haushälfte erwerben [5]. 1724 kam Schmidts Vorgänger als Posthalter namens Johann Michael Rohnfelder arbeitsunfähig ins Spital [6]. Offensichtlich war Johann Caspar Schmidt ein erfolgreicher Bürger der Reichsstadt, da er es sogar bis in das Amt eines Mitglieds des Äußeren Rates brachte. Der Äußere Rat hatte allerdings kaum Befugnisse, konnte weder in der Außenpolitik noch in der Rechtsprechung mitwirken [7], wozu freilich die oft juristisch gebildeten Mitglieder des Inneren Rates auch deutlich besser geeignet waren.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>The postmaster was the head of a post office. In the case of Schwäbisch Hall, it can be proven that Johann Caspar Schmidt purchased both halves of the house at today's Gelbinger Gasse 91. As early as 1692, Hans Caspar Schmidt, who is apparently identical to Johann Caspar Schmidt, as "Postreiter", bought one half of the house that had belonged to his predecessor as Postreiter Phil. R. Grätter from the city for 510 guilders. On September 13, 1692, Schmidt married for the first time [4]. Schmidt was finally able to purchase the other half of the house for 490 guilders [5]. In 1724, Schmidt's predecessor as postmaster, Johann Michael Rohnfelder, was hospitalized because he was unable to work [6]. Apparently Johann Caspar Schmidt was a successful citizen of the imperial city, as he even achieved the position of member of the Outer Council. However, the Outer Council had hardly any powers and could neither participate in foreign policy nor in jurisprudence [7], for which the members of the Inner Council, who were often legally trained, were much better suited.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><span><a name='more'></a></span><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Schmidt war in einem aufwendigen Prozess mit dem Grabenreiter Michael Hoff verwickelt, der sich scheinbar mindestens über die Jahre 1719 bis 1721 hinzog. In den Prozessunterlagen wurde unterstrichen man müsse Sorge tragen, "damit die Proceß nicht unsterblich gemacht" werde [8]. 1725 konnte Schmidt zwei Eimer und 17 Maas Anteil an einem Erbsieden dem Barbier Leonhard Friedrich Groß abkaufen [9]. Schon ein Jahr darauf war Johann Caspar Schmidt in einem anderen Streit mit einem Mann namens Hermann aus Heilbronn verwickelt [10]. In beiden Streitigkeiten scheint es um den Verdacht der Unterschlagung von Geld gegangen zu sein. 1726 hieß es Immerhin wurde einige Jahrzehnte später einem Haller Postmeister ähnliches vorgeworfen [11]. Der offenbar mittlerweile zu einigem Wohlstand gelangte Schmidt heiratete nach dem Tod seiner Frau Susanna Catharina die Witwe des Seilers Georg David Lienhardt im Jahre 1731 [12]. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Schmidt was involved in a complex trial with the trench rider Michael Hoff, which apparently lasted at least from 1719 to 1721. In the trial documents it was emphasized that care must be taken “so that the trial is not made immortal” [8]. In 1725 Schmidt was able to buy two buckets and 17 "Maas" share in a hereditary boiling house from the barber Leonhard Friedrich Groß [9]. Just a year later, Johann Caspar Schmidt was involved in another dispute with a man named Hermann from Heilbronn [10]. After the death of his wife Susanna Catharina, Schmidt, who had apparently now become somewhat wealthy, married the widow of the rope maker Georg David Lienhardt in 1731 [11].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx_oNsDZws8toS6BsCbnNf6cMxpVG-MXV7ND27KXuYKE6TixEqv5qOYguDCkwv5glTgF1biHJwcgUaQF2gf_1rBr5zq4BojB1kbpIylCBlUTDPE2mRGBoxgIlpW-tQuBFv_PVElwsjDZF63s2VkHnyqTVCHq23pgcPJTwzS_ydSy7gtqcU44DE60qFgc8/s2894/1000022850.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2660" data-original-width="2894" height="294" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx_oNsDZws8toS6BsCbnNf6cMxpVG-MXV7ND27KXuYKE6TixEqv5qOYguDCkwv5glTgF1biHJwcgUaQF2gf_1rBr5zq4BojB1kbpIylCBlUTDPE2mRGBoxgIlpW-tQuBFv_PVElwsjDZF63s2VkHnyqTVCHq23pgcPJTwzS_ydSy7gtqcU44DE60qFgc8/s320/1000022850.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Gelbinger Gasse 91 war zu Schmidts Zeiten die Posthalterei. - <i>In the time of Schmidt Gelbinger Gasse 91 was the post office. (photo: M. Leyendecker, 2024)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Schmidts Aufstieg vom Postreiter zum Posthalter und Ratsmitglied ist sehr spannend. Ich weiß nicht, was die konkreten Ursachen dafür waren, dass Schmidt sein Geld etwa in die Erbsieden investieren konnte. Die umfangreichen Archivalien zu den Streitigkeiten um sein Erbe nach Schmidts Tod 1735 verdeutlichen sein Vermögen [13]. Im Gegensatz dazu hat der zuletzt im Spital untergebrachte Vorgänger Rohnfelder nur 197 fl. hinterlassen [14].<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Schmidt's rise from post rider to post keeper and council member is very exciting. I don't know what the specific reasons were for Schmidt being able to invest his money in the "Erbsieden" (heriditary boiling of the salt production). The extensive archives on the disputes over his inheritance after Schmidt's death in 1735 illustrate his assets [13]. In contrast his poor predecessor Rhonfelder had only 197 florins to leave behind [14].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Notizen / <i>Notes</i>:<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">1) siehe: <span style="text-align: left;">https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2024/03/postreiter-und-briefboten-post-rider.html</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">2) <span style="font-size: 12pt; text-align: left;">Schr. Inventur der Kunigunda Sibilla Gräter, Witwe
des Philipp Reichard Gräter, Postreiter, 1724, SHA Sig. 14/2002</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;">3) Vielleicht verwandt mit Postreiter Johann Georg Grätter. Siehe hier: </p><p style="text-align: justify;">4) Laut Beetliste, siehe Häuserlexikon des Stadtarchivs Schwäbisch Hall -<i> according to the tax lists, look in the house lexicon:</i><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal">https://www.haeuserlexikon.de/haeuserlexikon/gebaeudeverzeichnis/gelbinger-gasse-91<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">5) ebenda, unter Erstes Haus -<i> there too under the article about the first book</i><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">6) <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Schr. Aufnahme des Hans Michel Rohnfelder,
gewesenen Posthalters, in das Spital, 1724-1725, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall,
Signatur: H03/601</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">7) Der Äußere Rat trat auf Geheiß des Inneren Rates zusammen. Er war bspw. zuständig für Steuerangelegenheiten. - <i>The Outer Council is assembling following the orders of the Inner Council. For example the council was responsible for the decissions about taxation. </i> dazu: Beate Iländer: "Verfassung und Verwaltung der Reichsstadt Schwäbisch Hall vom Ende des Dreißigjährigen Krieges bis zum Ende der Reichsstadtzeit" Stadtarchiv, Schwäbisch Hall, 2001, S. 106-108<br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">8) Rechtsgutachten Tomus VIII, 1713-1738, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0512, o.S.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">9) Verkauf von zwei Eimern 17 Maas freieigenes Erbsieden im einfachen Haalhaus bei der Suhle durch Leonhard Friedrich Groß, Bürger und Barbier, an Johann Caspar Schmidt ..., Stadtachiv SHA Sig. 13/99<br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: inherit;">10) Repertorium über die Beziehungen zw. Hall und Brandenburg-Ansbach, Stadtarchiv SHA Sig. 4/0088</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">11) Dem Postmeister Meissner wurde 1767 das Verschwinden von u.a. 4 Geldpaketen zur Last gelegt, die ihm angeblich laut Meissner gestohlen worden waren. Aus: </span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Normale Tabelle";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]--><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Auszüge zur Postgeschichte von Schwäbisch Hall von
P. Esslinger, Postdirektor a.D. (Nürnberg), Stadtarchiv SHA Sig. S01/0555</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">12) 1731, Ehevertrag zw. Johann Caspar Schmidt, Mitglied des Äußeren Rats und kaiserlicher Posthalter zu Schwäbisch Hall, Witwer der Susanna Catharina Schmidt, und Catharina Barbara Lienhardt, Witwe des Georg David Lienhardt, Bürger und Seiler zu Schwäbisch Hall, Stadtachiv SHA Sig. 8/0780</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">13) Streitigkeiten um Siedenjahre 1677-1911, Stadtarchiv SHA, Sig. HA/A 0649 </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">14) Schr. Aufnahme des Hans Michel Rohnfelder ... in das Spital, </span><span style="font-size: 16px;">Signatur: H03/601</span></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-1481363699377624232024-03-02T08:41:00.000-08:002024-03-02T08:41:26.870-08:00Postreiter und Briefboten - Post rider and letter carrier<p style="text-align: justify;">Unsere nächste Anno Domini-Veranstaltung wird den Titel "Die Post ist da!" tragen. Daher werden wir uns verschiedenen Aspekten zu dem Thema zuwenden. Daneben wird das Jahr 1734 in Bezug auf Schwäbisch Hall eine große Rolle spielen. Die Ereignisse vor allem des Polnischen Thronfolgekrieges boten viel Material für die damaligen Zeitungen, die auch von der Post befördert wurde.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>Our next Anno Domini event will be titled “The Post is here!”. We will therefore address various aspects of the topic. In addition, the year 1734 will play a major role in relation to Schwäbisch Hall. The events, especially the War of the Polish Succession, provided a lot of material for the newspapers of the time, which were also carried by the post office.</i></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW7Hjo1D31wVND7CycBVLTfi17-KhiRZoWgfGcyk2YuLCUUH_tLxCuffSRzExAtfbUwXym3G11wwWfl6_KYpiCuZzRjCgE02X9TlEQMAzCvrBKUXrDsfYOicJqYcER0UXd7XrulVPywJE0y1aJK5JzFbRcPtLPCHa8dVHFgOaeKrxQ8xgk0oVxUgHIrfc/s3264/IMG_6860.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2448" data-original-width="3264" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW7Hjo1D31wVND7CycBVLTfi17-KhiRZoWgfGcyk2YuLCUUH_tLxCuffSRzExAtfbUwXym3G11wwWfl6_KYpiCuZzRjCgE02X9TlEQMAzCvrBKUXrDsfYOicJqYcER0UXd7XrulVPywJE0y1aJK5JzFbRcPtLPCHa8dVHFgOaeKrxQ8xgk0oVxUgHIrfc/w400-h300/IMG_6860.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Diese Schützenscheibe zeigt neben einer weiblichen Postreiterin (wohl berittene Briefträgerin) auch zahlreiche interessante Details im Hintergrund wie die Landschaft mit einem Landturm rechts. - <i>The shooting target shows a female rider (obviously it is a letter carrier) and there are some interesting details in the background such as the landscape and a land tower. </i>(Schützenscheibe, Hällisch-Fränkisches Museum, Foto: Kim Krawiec)</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p style="text-align: justify;">Zuerst wollen wir bei der Post auf die untere Charge an Personal schauen: den Postreitern. Postreiter beförderten Post auf den Postcoursen von einer Poststation zur nächsten. Die Posthaltereien dienten vor allem zur Unterbringung der Postpferde für diese Reiter und als Übernachtungsmöglichkeit. Zahlreiche Postcourse wurden ja auch nur von Postreitern bedient. Im Fall von Schwäbisch Hall haben wir mindestens die Postlinie von Heilbronn nach Crailsheim, die über die Reichsstadt verlief [1].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit;">First we want to look at the lower level of staff at the post office: the post riders. Post riders transported mail from one post station to the next on the post courses. The post offices were primarily used to accommodate the post horses for these riders and as a place to stay overnight. Many post courses were only served by post riders. In the case of Schwäbisch Hall we have at least the postal line from Heilbronn to Crailsheim, which ran via the imperial city [1].</span></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><i></i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5SJwZ7cll77nJsrSmFdIKoiqBfuZpSouDmt-JNYIbeUKX5lt8qQAWmudn5SBDmDsWS14R0HUUzYZBdqEQQvUu1CjgW0vUeQY_97BtVEXYL0-qvOG02aKaG0P81oSmj5a2br-cAOX-_qXqqx3WsYwIY6gN6rJOkF5sZoZwUU8z8BYa8TOoCaHONZp-Jzo/s3648/DSC03492.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3648" data-original-width="3648" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5SJwZ7cll77nJsrSmFdIKoiqBfuZpSouDmt-JNYIbeUKX5lt8qQAWmudn5SBDmDsWS14R0HUUzYZBdqEQQvUu1CjgW0vUeQY_97BtVEXYL0-qvOG02aKaG0P81oSmj5a2br-cAOX-_qXqqx3WsYwIY6gN6rJOkF5sZoZwUU8z8BYa8TOoCaHONZp-Jzo/s320/DSC03492.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Schon als Postreiter gehörte Johann Caspar Schmidt die Hälfte vom Haus Gelbinger Gasse 91. - <i>Even as a postrider Johann Casper Schmidt already had half of the building Gelbinger Gasser 91. (photo: M. Leyendecker, 2024) </i></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><i><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Als Postreiter konnte man viel erleben. Interessant ist ein Postreiter namens Johann Georg Grätter, der versuchte auf Nebenwegen das Hohenloher Territorium zu durchqueren. Deswegen beschwerte sich die Regierung von Hohenlohe-Neuenstein 1698 bei Hall. Als der Postreiter ertappt wurde, ließ er sich zu "Scheltworten" hinreißen, was wohl zu weiterem Unmut führte [2]. </p><span><a name='more'></a></span><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Man lebte aber auch gefährlich. So ist 1678 der Postreiter Ernst Textor bei Nacht "erbärmlich" in einem See bei Buchklingen ertrunken [3]. Ein anderer wurde 1714 in Brachbach in eine Schlägerei verwickelt, weshalb Ermittlungen angestellt wurden [4]. Besonders hart traf es aber einen anderen nämlich Hans Lenhard Kuchßen, der 1700 Opfer eines Straßenraubes wurde [5].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>As a post rider you could experience a lot. An interesting post rider named Johann Georg Grätter tried to cross the Hohenlohe territory on side paths. That's why the government of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein complained to Hall in 1698. When the post rider was caught, he resorted to "abusing words", which probably led to further dissatisfaction [2].</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>But the riders also lived dangerously. In 1678, the post rider Ernst Textor drowned "miserably" in a lake near Buchklingen at night [3]. Another was involved in a fight in Brachbach in 1714, which is why an investigation was carried out [4]. But it hit someone else particularly hard, namely Hans Lenhard Kuchßen, who was the victim of a street robbery in 1700 [5].</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i> </i></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuNC6xvTcSZOIXY3f2ffqAAZXOMQ_6z__o2lrgnW5jqjGt6Hkys7XDmZHN4d889wwT0IqkrIJ8KMRHp9hZWUjXq_ERC6ywHjmQ0QEzAkLdfIcRvlkyH5nyLIJ0feNppCVizpST2N61J_bBtMB1p4Q4w0GzAzdqJadYh1gRjE8yFdVJZsPvDVs-BIHH8II/s1164/IMG_0764.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1164" height="293" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuNC6xvTcSZOIXY3f2ffqAAZXOMQ_6z__o2lrgnW5jqjGt6Hkys7XDmZHN4d889wwT0IqkrIJ8KMRHp9hZWUjXq_ERC6ywHjmQ0QEzAkLdfIcRvlkyH5nyLIJ0feNppCVizpST2N61J_bBtMB1p4Q4w0GzAzdqJadYh1gRjE8yFdVJZsPvDVs-BIHH8II/s320/IMG_0764.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ein Postreiter auf der Post- und Ordinari Samstags-Zeitung 1723. Die wesentlichen Merkmale der Postreiter sind das Posthorn und der Sack (Felleisen) auf dem Hintern des Pferdes. - <i>A post rider on the "Post- und Ordinari Samstags-Zeitung" (Post and Ordinary Saturday Newspaper) from 1723. The most important features of the postrider are his post horn and the sack (so-called "Felleisen") on the back of his horse. </i>(Foto: Jasmin Guhl, 2023) [6]<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Postreiter konnten wie der im nächsten Artikel näher beleuchtete Johann Caspar Schmidt zwar auch wohlhabend werden. Aber in dem Fall des Philipp Reichard Grätter kennen wir auch einen offenbar arm verstorbenen Reiters. Denn von seiner Witwe heißt es im Inventar 1724 von einem geringen Vermögen, das nur in Mobilien und Passiva Schulden bestanden habe. Leider sind in dem Inventar keine Kleider ihres Mannes enthalten. Das Vermögen belief sich auch nur auf 36 Gulden aus Kleidern, Weißzeug und Hausrat sowie 40 Gulden Passivschulden. Erstaunlicherweise hat sie immerhin 12 Druckwerke hinterlassen, wovon eine Bibel im Wert von 2 Gulden den größten Posten darstellte [7].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Postal riders, like Johann Caspar Schmidt, who will be discussed in more detail in the next article, were also able to become wealthy. But in the case of Philipp Reichard Grätter, we also know a rider who apparently died poor. In the 1724 inventory it is said that his widow had little assets, which consisted only of movable property and liabilities. Unfortunately, her husband's clothes are not included in the inventory. The assets only amounted to 36 guilders from clothes, white goods and household goods as well as 40 guilders in passive debts. Surprisingly, she left behind 12 printed works, of which a Bible worth 2 guilders was the largest item [7].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Der Adressat bekam dann den Brief vom Briefträger oder der Briefträgerin zugestellt. Die Schützenscheibe oben scheint erstmal eine Allegorie darzustellen. Der Text unter der Reiterin besagt: "Doch ist es mir als dem Courier, Erlaubet Was zu melden, So ist es diß jetzt gewiß, schieß man g[e]wiß, Sobalt mög der Brief nichts gelten". Die Reime sind also auf die Briefträgerin gemünzt und das Ziel ist es das in der Mitte der Scheibe erkennbare Siegel auf dem Brief zu treffen. Denn damit wäre der Brief nicht mehr sicher verschlossen und unbrauchbar.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Die Briefträger und -trägerinnen waren nicht von der Reichspost angestellt, sondern arbeiteten eher auf eigene Rechnung, was schonmal dazu führen konnte, dass die Reichsstadt Hall [8] verbot nicht dazu von der Stadt oder der Post mit Privilegien versehene Briefträger, Fuhrleute, Boten oder "Böthinnen" arbeiten zu lassen. Ebenso verboten war das Tragen von Livreen und Posthörner durch diese Personen. Briefträger sind auch oft Figuren in Theaterstücken des Jahrhunderts [9][10]. Im Ansbachischen Hofkalender von 1782 findet sich eine Helena Christina Weißmännin als offenbar vom Staat angestellte Briefträgerin [11].<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Es war auch üblich Leuten, denen man begegnete, einfach einen Brief mitzugeben, wenn der Wohnort des Empfängers zufälligerweise am Weg lag. Der Transport von Post durch Fuhrleute bis hin zur fahrenden Post war ja auch so eine Entwicklung [12]. Wie sah nun die Bezahlung der Briefträger aus? Aus Schwäbisch Hall haben wir insbesondere aus dem 17. Jahrhundert ganz verschiedene Botenlöhne. So sollten Boten 1647 3 Batzen für einen nächtlichen Botengang bekommen und 10 Kreuzer pro Meile. 1637 sollten die Boten wegen der schlechten Lage nur 2 Batzen bekommen und dazu einen Trunk Wein und Essen wie es einem Tagelöhner zustand [13]. In einem Lustspiel des frühen 19. Jh. beschwert sich eine Briefträgerin darüber, dass ihr 1 Kreuzer entginge, wenn die Leute ihre Briefe selber von der Post abholten. Man kann also davon ausgehen, dass man von der Tätigkeit nicht reich wurde, aber wohl sein Auskommen hatte, wenn man die Bezahlung mit der von Knechten, Mägden und niederen Bediensteten der Reichsstadt vergleicht.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>The addressee then received the letter from the postman. The shooting target above seems to represent an allegory at first. The text under the rider says: "But I, as the courier, am allowed to report something, so it is certain now, let's be sure, the letter may not count for anything." The rhymes are aimed at the postwoman and the aim is to hit the seal on the letter that can be seen in the middle of the disc. Because then the letter would no longer be securely sealed and would be unusable.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>The postmen and women were not employed by the Reichspost, but rather worked on their own account, which could sometimes lead to the Imperial City of Hall [8] decrets. One of them was written against cart drivers, Postmen, delivery boys and girls who had no privilege by the Imperial post or the town. Postmen are also often characters in plays of the century [9][10]. In the Ansbach court calendar from 1782, a Helena Christina Weißmännin can be found as a postwoman, apparently employed by the state [11].</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>It was also common practice to simply give a letter to people you met, if the recipient's home happened to be on the way. The transport of mail by carters to mobile mail was also a development [12]. So what did the postmen's pay look like? From Schwäbisch Hall we have very different messenger wages, especially from the 17th century. In 1647, messengers were supposed to receive 3 batzen for a nightly errand and 10 kreuzers per mile. In 1637, because of the poor situation, the messengers were only supposed to receive 2 batzen plus a drink of wine and food like a day laborer was entitled to [13]. In a comedy from the early 19th century, a postwoman complains that she would lose 1 kreuzer if people picked up their letters from the post office themselves. So you can assume that you didn't get rich from your work, but you did make a living if you compare the pay with that of servants, maids and lower servants in the imperial city.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Fotos: Kim Krawiec, Jasmin Guhl, Michael Leyendecker</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Notizen / <i>Notes:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;">1) Entsprechend einer Postkarte von 1714, Johann Peter Nell: "Neu-vermehrte Post-Charte ..."</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2) Erster Teil des Hohenlohischen Repertoriums, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0092, S. 347</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3) Repertorium der Beziehungen zwischen Hall und Brandenburg-Ansbach, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0088, S. 87</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4) ebenda S. 399</p><p style="text-align: justify;">5) ebenda S. 345</p><p style="text-align: justify;">6) Druckschrift Post- und Ordinari Samstags-Zeitung v. 22. Mai 1723, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. S01/1271 <br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">7) Inventur der Kunigunde Sibilla Gräter, Witwe des Philipp Reichart Gräter, Postreiter, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 14/2002 <br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">8) Wie 1757 geschehen. Sammlung von Statuten und Ratsdekreten, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0501, S. 509-512</p><p style="text-align: justify;">9) S.B.J.: "Aus Neigung wird Liebe oder Der Namenstag" (Lustspiel) Stagesche Buchhandlung, Augsburg & Leipzig, ca. 1750</p><p style="text-align: justify;">10) Tobias Philipp Freiherr von Gebler: "Die Versöhnung" Logenmeister, Wien, 1772</p><p style="text-align: justify;">11) "Hochfürstlich Brandenburg-Onolzbach- und Culmbachischer Genealogischer Calender und Adresse-Buch" B. F. Haueisen, Ansbach, 1782, S. 194 <br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">12) Siehe dazu v.a.: Horst Diederich: "Die Boten und Fuhrleute im Dienste der Brief-, Fahr- und Extrapost zwischen 1692-1867" DASV, 2013</p><p style="text-align: justify;">13) "Botten" in <span style="text-align: left;">„Auszüge nach alphabetischer Ordnung der Rathsdecrete“
Tom. 1, 2 & 3, Stadtarchiv SHA, Sig. 4/0431, o. S.</span></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText"><o:p></o:p></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-42413029608606593162024-02-19T05:05:00.000-08:002024-02-19T05:05:56.165-08:00A new commander for my infantry<p><i> Meanwhile I painted an Obristwachtmeister for my infantry. The idea was to have a commander for my Austrian infantry without red cuffs and lapels. </i></p><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPgWkmUvA6vFNUbh-ejurWrHG8svfLkBYSDNmlNsqgPPcSHrr5pYBBNlcdJt0hrPvxRQoVbW808sMSld3DHkFxDas23h2dyIu4RQKTm576BmFJGG_bWwQo8ncp6xd5sOJU1wMXyUmngEDfpSDT-gt1Ik8X-nCagnURoAKs2McDhGGrPK73wzOOYW5aTHI/s2048/OWM%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPgWkmUvA6vFNUbh-ejurWrHG8svfLkBYSDNmlNsqgPPcSHrr5pYBBNlcdJt0hrPvxRQoVbW808sMSld3DHkFxDas23h2dyIu4RQKTm576BmFJGG_bWwQo8ncp6xd5sOJU1wMXyUmngEDfpSDT-gt1Ik8X-nCagnURoAKs2McDhGGrPK73wzOOYW5aTHI/s320/OWM%201.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>In front of his troops. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>I decided to paint a commander with blue distinctions because 5 of 9 Austrian regiments in Gudenus drawings from 1734 had blue, 3 had red and 1 had white cuffs [1]. </i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEietUpbpLboGn-947kfrpkQFIeWNxXsdeAbkK1uuBJSyGL5DmlbU6rX27wuubFpz5HA92o8G6_OWOnWHlG7OgrmyE7XYtfvH276Y3wv8TAALWcXLg2X0aAd2_UWeZA7spzjVvmuRSGKMLjZhxN5YYzV2ZqiIP5nf6leesblzrO_5y19OdIU-Ve4sZWImEY/s2048/OWM%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEietUpbpLboGn-947kfrpkQFIeWNxXsdeAbkK1uuBJSyGL5DmlbU6rX27wuubFpz5HA92o8G6_OWOnWHlG7OgrmyE7XYtfvH276Y3wv8TAALWcXLg2X0aAd2_UWeZA7spzjVvmuRSGKMLjZhxN5YYzV2ZqiIP5nf6leesblzrO_5y19OdIU-Ve4sZWImEY/s320/OWM%202.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>I'm not sure about the hairstyle. Maybe such long queues were not typical for the 1730s. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span><a name='more'></a></span><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>It's a new experience to paint so many units from the same army with figures from 2 sets instead of my typical mix from different manufacturers. I painted some leather breeches to make the officers special and looking more individual.</i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8zlSGQ-VhQ1fT3jxHZys11SksA3zDjTF1dEXGklH7HGSarqtwSyefNvkbBYeqYQAI2F3jue_88n5lkdPn-mT_YI3BODkYhn0KlX2Ng5B4sBOkSYqs4iW1x9m0iBwLLL1ah0i5-LIpR6hbM86uv9qrs2PyWmIlxMGzJD4fuhg7WUrbqBAi-6qtBbCPSe4/s2048/IMG_1135.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8zlSGQ-VhQ1fT3jxHZys11SksA3zDjTF1dEXGklH7HGSarqtwSyefNvkbBYeqYQAI2F3jue_88n5lkdPn-mT_YI3BODkYhn0KlX2Ng5B4sBOkSYqs4iW1x9m0iBwLLL1ah0i5-LIpR6hbM86uv9qrs2PyWmIlxMGzJD4fuhg7WUrbqBAi-6qtBbCPSe4/s320/IMG_1135.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Here a final view on my new infantry and their commander for Parma. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><i><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></i></p><p><i><b>Photos: André Hanselmann</b></i><br /></p><p>Note:<br /></p><p><i>1) Hans Bleckwenn: <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>: "Reiter, Husaren und Grenadiere" Hardenberg Kommunikation, Dortmund, 1979, </span></span></span>p. 30-31, 34</i></p><br />Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-27299261809905901522024-02-17T12:20:00.000-08:002024-02-17T12:20:07.101-08:00Fourth battalion is ready for the table<p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Finally I managed to finish the painting of my last battalion of the project. It's the second battalion of the Müffling regiment. I used a flag which is similar like the flag of the first battalion which had the "Leibfahne" of the regiment [1]. </i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnoeCXIgaOgDrKpNajCBdxnznWzX2MAjDm7Cpe8lJQCm7P_3k5WClzQz24EDkcLC5OfDF7uhstbfAbM9PTCKI3DVHjcbZWcyz4OlSL4UsYWifg4d-p9oLrTTOuZ_hYDHs4eo30noqOAjhk1FLeeocl_Ie7Kvf3s_aamTTNAGNnM7UP9dnOqd5z9IxlHkY/s2048/M%C3%BCffling%202%201.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnoeCXIgaOgDrKpNajCBdxnznWzX2MAjDm7Cpe8lJQCm7P_3k5WClzQz24EDkcLC5OfDF7uhstbfAbM9PTCKI3DVHjcbZWcyz4OlSL4UsYWifg4d-p9oLrTTOuZ_hYDHs4eo30noqOAjhk1FLeeocl_Ie7Kvf3s_aamTTNAGNnM7UP9dnOqd5z9IxlHkY/s320/M%C3%BCffling%202%201.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The second battalion of the Müffling regiment. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>I tried to make the battalion looking a little bit different from the first battalion although using the same sets to create the unit. </i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbsaXYP-afTsoLHOjHFP8-JhO6MZmpDXK1b0MCI_uo1jPRgP1nW68YWpY_9bW8hii8WY-4D_X0EQ2yCIPkW94rzaIZ7bsudo3zfxjaFlhvoyGzE0YG0uRlmFkb1UGN5AJCMZjl_qJQReCFBAhLKL9Ukvb6OQLifoXyx00OapVjM6qNmmIr5pFL9kX5Tpw/s2048/M%C3%BCffling%202%202.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbsaXYP-afTsoLHOjHFP8-JhO6MZmpDXK1b0MCI_uo1jPRgP1nW68YWpY_9bW8hii8WY-4D_X0EQ2yCIPkW94rzaIZ7bsudo3zfxjaFlhvoyGzE0YG0uRlmFkb1UGN5AJCMZjl_qJQReCFBAhLKL9Ukvb6OQLifoXyx00OapVjM6qNmmIr5pFL9kX5Tpw/s320/M%C3%BCffling%202%202.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The back of my unit. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br /></p><p><i>Surprisingly for myself this will not be the last posting of the series. I still have to look over my scenario and to prepare for the next game [2].</i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBn-Kgfmzw4yzXrrmmjhNFEiylFob-tYZCVWv6xu4hzlkedubLF_jnYrfhbdWIAX-PXid5m54sK61wp5fW2C8ZJsSxrj_cAijqRPQYtwdRN2ppekPi8v3Uoc_yAKaISbJ6qajZcKTIn40a7XvAG68bslvPUp4ibpN5OuS4pWHSuoxoe_8ZP_xfox6ik8I/s2048/M%C3%BCffling%202%203.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBn-Kgfmzw4yzXrrmmjhNFEiylFob-tYZCVWv6xu4hzlkedubLF_jnYrfhbdWIAX-PXid5m54sK61wp5fW2C8ZJsSxrj_cAijqRPQYtwdRN2ppekPi8v3Uoc_yAKaISbJ6qajZcKTIn40a7XvAG68bslvPUp4ibpN5OuS4pWHSuoxoe_8ZP_xfox6ik8I/s320/M%C3%BCffling%202%203.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>I do like the poses of the officers. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /></p><p><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p><b>Photos: André Hanselmann</b><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Notes: </p><p>1) For comparrison look here: https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2024/01/my-first-infantry-of-project.html</p><p>2) Parma 1734.<br /></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-9158088900344934372024-02-12T00:02:00.000-08:002024-02-12T00:33:52.495-08:00Third battalion ready for the game<p style="text-align: justify;"><i> I finally finished my third battalion. It's the Hessen-Kassel regiment. Every regiment in 1734 should have 15 companies of fusiliers and 2 companies of grenadiers [1]. It later had the number 27. Some soldiers of the regiment fought as "Kommandierte" together with soldiers from other Austrian regiments (505 in total) under Wutgenau in Philippsburg [2].</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i> </i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYFbzI-UZIHsIFUzhrYAFxIFKInihoghO71BsLfCJ0xMrzyD1H00qfA7ICKLhgfgyONiLtqg_vDctRWN0GLJWyXm2unGMGTCl5ELmoOg98BT5CrGOv-SAOaqOBej434bhIzIBz6nOT4h0rOzBa7kXzBlfbOcUThivb3wgHOaZuhFgjko3XmHsHSfvDLw0/s2048/Hessen1.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYFbzI-UZIHsIFUzhrYAFxIFKInihoghO71BsLfCJ0xMrzyD1H00qfA7ICKLhgfgyONiLtqg_vDctRWN0GLJWyXm2unGMGTCl5ELmoOg98BT5CrGOv-SAOaqOBej434bhIzIBz6nOT4h0rOzBa7kXzBlfbOcUThivb3wgHOaZuhFgjko3XmHsHSfvDLw0/s320/Hessen1.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The figures of the new unit are again produced by HäT [3]. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><i><br /></i><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>The siege of Philippsburg was the most important action of the campaign of 1734 in Germany. The fortress was captured in the end due to a lack of support by prince Eugen and a garrison which was too small for the defence.</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i> </i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdeYvIW2VKg4jdxzn8GwOM4kb3ClU8kh7x41ameIFW3_553Mw2Zt0UMPZ3lrHw4pUmJj0QIHfi8hkAHmNaiaVCVoW3BGdQE72eJFOt7zrv3kGm7vCdqffNzshrQPzymvORbwj8PrZgZUtnbG_UPDaF3U1idETjPQSkoGut020390aKRBHDEn278zwyyYY/s2048/Hessen2.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdeYvIW2VKg4jdxzn8GwOM4kb3ClU8kh7x41ameIFW3_553Mw2Zt0UMPZ3lrHw4pUmJj0QIHfi8hkAHmNaiaVCVoW3BGdQE72eJFOt7zrv3kGm7vCdqffNzshrQPzymvORbwj8PrZgZUtnbG_UPDaF3U1idETjPQSkoGut020390aKRBHDEn278zwyyYY/s320/Hessen2.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>I do like the flag by Not by Appointment. It's again from the period of the reign of Karl VI.. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><i><br /></i><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Maximilian von Hessen-Kassel (1689-1753) was the owner of the regiment. He was the son of Landgraf Karl of Hessen-Kassel and a protestant prince of the Holy Roman Empire. During this period it was not unusual for a protestant prince to serve under the flags of the catholic Emperor Karl VI. We find similar commanders in the house of Braunschweig. </i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>It is interesting that he married a princess from the rival house of the Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt [4]. </i></span><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>However, one must take into account that this marriage was not easy. Maximilian's wife often stayed with her father in Darmstadt and her lifestyle was also viewed critically. </i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> <span></span></i></span></p><a name='more'></a><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYtDYscPKyK0d0ZYBoR_xsBwWoSLoGacYh7Vf8IVy59uFBMg2OtA9JRTWMM87gkhA50LkqPhwD7UqbvC7x1pLnQN5CU_mUanXXw6TsILvzk43pJCtARwNt0iwfHJEzQaoSD0By-vnw8vAl_cVtPvBOirkW2OXTRdy45MCSNOzZIlqGPKjJR5V8GwbuV0U/s2048/Hessen3.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYtDYscPKyK0d0ZYBoR_xsBwWoSLoGacYh7Vf8IVy59uFBMg2OtA9JRTWMM87gkhA50LkqPhwD7UqbvC7x1pLnQN5CU_mUanXXw6TsILvzk43pJCtARwNt0iwfHJEzQaoSD0By-vnw8vAl_cVtPvBOirkW2OXTRdy45MCSNOzZIlqGPKjJR5V8GwbuV0U/s320/Hessen3.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>I hope that I can paint the last unit before our first living history event. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><br /></i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>In the Thirty Years' War, the hostility between Hesse-Kassel and Hesse-Darmstadt was a not unimportant factor. Even in later wars, the two houses were sometimes in opposing alliances. </i></span><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">The prince achieved the position of imperial field marshal. </span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">Text: André Hanselmann</span></i></b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">Photos: André Hanselmann<br /></span></i></b></p><p> </p><p><i><b>Notes:</b></i></p><p><i>1) Hans Bleckwenn: <span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="text-align: left;">: "Reiter, Husaren und Grenadiere" Hardenberg Kommunikation, Dortmund, 1979, </span></span></span>p. 32 </i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="text-align: left;">2) </span></span><span style="background-color: white;">Raimund Gerba: "Feldzüge des Prinzen Eugen" Verlag des K. u. K. Kriegsarchivs, Wien, 1891, p. 21</span></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="background-color: white;">3) HäT set 9331 (Seven Years War Austrian command) & HäT 8322 (Seven Years War Austrians marching)<br /></span></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="background-color: white;">4) Friederike Charlotte von Hessen-Darmstadt (1698-1777). <br /></span></i></span></p><p></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-24811596043909831352024-02-10T05:18:00.000-08:002024-02-10T05:18:25.609-08:00A third battalion in my pipeline<p style="text-align: justify;"> <i>I'm currently working on a third battalion for my project. I have already four grenadiers of the Max von Hessen-regiment - painted in 2020. There were just some grenadiers over from the set 8295 [1] and older figures by Revell which I needed some more bases of grenadiers for some scenarios. </i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHniRr3Q17lHiDb-ipwxhPY5VaunqB7cqTifxLrJi7NfP051TG_vPGIFL8LA-L2YxuGS6-KEMltTXx1G3h432P-4rra1BT2pMnrtoy-zMfHvtXUgPCxS9iG3d3NPWPT3zVq7emOLBKsZMFdM5tmjSYAio82eXbbbsK4go-0Js-q6w5mX2LTNQdfaphNv8/s2048/IMG_1128.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHniRr3Q17lHiDb-ipwxhPY5VaunqB7cqTifxLrJi7NfP051TG_vPGIFL8LA-L2YxuGS6-KEMltTXx1G3h432P-4rra1BT2pMnrtoy-zMfHvtXUgPCxS9iG3d3NPWPT3zVq7emOLBKsZMFdM5tmjSYAio82eXbbbsK4go-0Js-q6w5mX2LTNQdfaphNv8/s320/IMG_1128.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Max von Hexen grenadiers. In the background you can see 4 grenadiers of the Walsegg regiment. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><i><br /><br /></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFPD93T-8RTAdxMe9iQicZNZTgiB8jYhe_pBmdhOTJlVYt6eGdXPZJC68ZHPit4gYM9iB39FErPvpOUxxwPvQBI1OyAd3Cw4UqlfkazAgz1xe5TYF7scyOsIp-DyKk77brMyLRxm5eoIHZFDxp9GIjaZXYx3fIEj2Eo2mUohtp4MKNMfaw5giw_Gm1NjY/s2048/IMG_1127.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFPD93T-8RTAdxMe9iQicZNZTgiB8jYhe_pBmdhOTJlVYt6eGdXPZJC68ZHPit4gYM9iB39FErPvpOUxxwPvQBI1OyAd3Cw4UqlfkazAgz1xe5TYF7scyOsIp-DyKk77brMyLRxm5eoIHZFDxp9GIjaZXYx3fIEj2Eo2mUohtp4MKNMfaw5giw_Gm1NjY/s320/IMG_1127.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>One figure was even painted by somebody else and bought at the internet a decade or more ago and somehow changed to be mixed with the other figures. You may notice the different style of sculpting of the Revell miniatures fron the 1990s and the more recent figures by HäT. The hats and heads are different in their proportions. But I never have a problem to mix figures even frome 3 or 4 manufactures in one unit. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><i><br /></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><b>Photos: André Hanselmann</b></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><br /></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Notes:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>1) HäT 7 years war sampler No. 8295</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><br /></i></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-79182828940464564972024-02-08T01:05:00.000-08:002024-02-09T01:48:08.471-08:001624 - ein gutes Jahr? / a good year?<p style="text-align: justify;">Die Veranstaltung unserer Landleben-Reihe 2024 wird den Titel "1624 - ein gutes Jahr?" haben. Der Titel ist etwas herausfordernd gemeint. Was könnte 1624 zu einem guten Jahr machen? Das Jahr liegt zwischen dem blutigen Zusammenstoß mit den Söldnern bei Großallmerspann 1619 [1] und den bedrückenden Einquartierungen, die mit den Truppen unter Obrist Kratz und Obrist von Kronenberg in der 2. Hälfte der 1620er Jahre einsetzten [2]. Natürlich ist diese militärische Ruhe nur eingeschränkt zu begreifen, da auch von kleineren Einquartierungen ausgegangen werden muss [3]. Außerdem bezieht es sich nur auf die Umgegend von Hall. Schon im Ellwangischen Territorium, mit welchem Hall als Lehensträger verbunden war, erfahren wir aus den frühen 1620ern von großen Engpässen, welche zumindest für das von Holz sehr abhängige Hall mit seiner Saline gravierende Folgen haben konnte. Der hällische Bauschreiber Joseph Eisenmann erwähnt Soldaten, die wegen dem "kaldten wetter" einen Wagen Holz verbrennen würden und bis Weihnachten "für 1. thausent gulden holz" verschwendeten, wodurch Holz "klamm, hoch: und theyer" würde. Der Rat sollte überlegen, ob man nicht mit dem "Capitain" der Soldaten verhandeln könne. Auch der Preis für Eisen stiege durch den erhöhten Bedarf [4]. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>The event in our country life series 2024 will have the title: "1624 - a good year?". The title is meant to be somewhat challenging. What could make 1624 a good year? The year lies between the bloody clash with the mercenaries at Großallmerspann in 1619 [1] and the oppressive quartering that began with the troops under Colonel Kratz and Colonel von Kronenberg in the second half of the 1620s [2]. Of course, this military calm can only be understood to a limited extent, since smaller billetings must also be assumed [3]. Furthermore, it only refers to the area surrounding Hall. Already in the Ellwangian territory, to which Hall was connected as a fiefdom, we learned from the early 1620s of major bottlenecks, which could have serious consequences, at least for Hall, which was very dependent on wood. Hall's secretary for construction Joseph Eisenmann mentions soldiers who would burn a wagon of wood per day because of the "cold weather" and waste "for 1 thousand guilders of wood" until Christmas, which would cause wood to become "clammy, high: and expensive". The council should consider whether they could negotiate with the "Capitain" of the soldiers. The price of iron would also rise due to the increased demand [4].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> </i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3DTdHyx4yRIrm2qhQU5L0h2YOzNkGZr0WP8eb0kW4tYuxyuseKIV0eH83oK1V2WKnDSxsOY_pwXBD9c5TBxfIVTKZBD-5BZ_XbIq5b5Ez880hJEZ5PANQoWCJoOKgJgXblKWEBdIl7f9BFoWtxmE5I7zBwzHc7X05rCF99tDZKslwAiDrX2NoaBawwfQ/s4901/DSC01599.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3464" data-original-width="4901" height="283" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3DTdHyx4yRIrm2qhQU5L0h2YOzNkGZr0WP8eb0kW4tYuxyuseKIV0eH83oK1V2WKnDSxsOY_pwXBD9c5TBxfIVTKZBD-5BZ_XbIq5b5Ez880hJEZ5PANQoWCJoOKgJgXblKWEBdIl7f9BFoWtxmE5I7zBwzHc7X05rCF99tDZKslwAiDrX2NoaBawwfQ/w400-h283/DSC01599.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Diese Söldner sehen recht friedlich aus. Bayerisches und württembergisches Fußvolk auf unserer Anno Domini 1623-Veranstaltung. - <i>At least these mercenaries are looking peacefully. Bavarian and Württemberg foot on our Anno Domini 1623-event. (photo: Michael Leyendecker, 2023)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Andernorts im Schwäbischen Kreis wie im Umland von Ulm, wo Kriegsvolk übel hauste [5], war die Lage durchaus ernst. Aus dem Gebiet rund um Schmalkalden erfahren wir immerhin davon, dass dort scheinbar noch versucht wurde durch drakonische Strafen die Disziplin aufrecht zu erhalten. Aus unbekannten Gründen wurde in der Stadt ein Korporal vom Schönburgischen Regiment im Januar 1624 aufgehängt. Ein Soldat wurde ebenfalls auf dem Altmarkt von Schmalkalden 7 Monate später dafür hingerichtet, weil er eine Magd auf offener Straße vergewaltigt hatte [6]. Solche Greuel sind aus dem Jahre 1624 aus "unserer" Gegend nicht überliefert. Wie wir an den Beispielen in Schwaben und Thüringen gesehen haben, hat es aber nichts damit zu tun, dass es zu keinen größeren Kampfhandlungen kam und sich die kleineren in eine andere Region verlagerten. Denn auch einfach die Einquartierung von Truppen und ihr Durchmarsch verursachten gewaltige Sorgen und Probleme.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>Elsewhere in the Swabian district, such as in the surrounding area of Ulm, where warriors lived badly [5], the situation was quite serious. From the area around Schmalkalden we learn that attempts were apparently still being made to maintain discipline through draconian punishments. For unknown reasons, a corporal from the Schönburg Regiment was hanged in the city in January 1624. A soldier was also executed on the AltmarktB in Schmalkalden 7 months later for raping a maid on the street [6]. There are no reports of such atrocities from “our” area in 1624. As we have seen from the examples in Swabia and Thuringia, it has nothing to do with the fact that there were no major fighting operations and that the smaller ones were relocated to another region. Simply billeting troops and marching through them caused enormous worries and problems.</i></span></p><br /><span><a name='more'></a></span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_QHxD-BDJRFGr190jfxGkZDDD6pbhyphenhypheng21YhhgPXmkNQ1lBhAzifNVm5EhMcPlCc2WrFAQetlE-eLwFNeoReB2K-WLxSxU82lKl2cuDyK_6srwOvmm2h2zsLQy7WIaxSBg51_BtfQlC-UsafRkEWUL3SzphWN1HNqIzqi1Amofp6WsIqcpBxK3_WDEruk/s4604/DSC01538.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3456" data-original-width="4604" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_QHxD-BDJRFGr190jfxGkZDDD6pbhyphenhypheng21YhhgPXmkNQ1lBhAzifNVm5EhMcPlCc2WrFAQetlE-eLwFNeoReB2K-WLxSxU82lKl2cuDyK_6srwOvmm2h2zsLQy7WIaxSBg51_BtfQlC-UsafRkEWUL3SzphWN1HNqIzqi1Amofp6WsIqcpBxK3_WDEruk/w400-h300/DSC01538.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ein wildernder Söldner wurde auf unserer Landleben 1623 Veranstaltung ergriffen und mir als zuständigem Dorfhauptmann übergeben. Später wurde er in ein Gefängnis nach "Schwäbisch Hall" abgeführt. - <i>A poaching mercenary was caught at out Landleben 1623 event and handed over to me as the responsible captain of the village. He was later taken to a prison in "Schwäbisch Hall". (photo: M. Leyendecker, 2023)<br /></i><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;">Wir wollen aber auch auf andere Weise abklopfen, ob das Jahr 1624 nicht gerade für den Landmann ein gutes war. So erfahren wir aus einer Haller Chronik von überwiegend guter Ernte. Zwar wird dort eine verhältnismäßig große Dürre im Sommer erwähnt, doch was an Obst beispielsweise gedieh war sehr gut und besonders Eicheln, die für die wichtige Schweinemast nötig waren, gab es zu Hauf. Wein war keineswegs rar und der Preis sank auf 30 Gulden pro Fuder von 36 wie 1617 [7]. In anderen Regionen war das Wetter offenbar ähnlich. Im Raum um Schmalkalden war es im Juli und August 1624 warm und der Sommer brachte eine gute Ernte [8].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;">But we also want to find out in another way whether the year 1624 wasn't a good one for the farmer. We learn from a chronicle in Hall that the harvest was mostly good. Although there is mention of a relatively severe drought in the summer, the fruit that grew, for example, was very good and there were especially plenty of acorns, which were necessary for the important fattening of pigs. Wine was by no means rare and the price fell to 30 guilders per fuder from 36 as in 1617 [7]. The weather was apparently similar in other regions. In the area around Schmalkalden it was warm in July and August 1624 and the summer brought a good harvest [8].</i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4at3my0VrijhfHI_0oGgq9tCKmj8DmE1kOG5tEBS5nU5dSyvJAcAWuFuDKnAH4rISYXJEuOcn-FyoojcJcYNpy1ctEAeZ-UgRE4ls-ouSjT6hXE8StynCrX_SZKDNxr3uKl4adCYWsbQwuLxJsCI_um1_oZRh7S7C3ikz6DiPwLI8L0L8bcGAwYoHWRc/s6000/IMG_8088.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6000" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4at3my0VrijhfHI_0oGgq9tCKmj8DmE1kOG5tEBS5nU5dSyvJAcAWuFuDKnAH4rISYXJEuOcn-FyoojcJcYNpy1ctEAeZ-UgRE4ls-ouSjT6hXE8StynCrX_SZKDNxr3uKl4adCYWsbQwuLxJsCI_um1_oZRh7S7C3ikz6DiPwLI8L0L8bcGAwYoHWRc/w400-h266/IMG_8088.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Diese Mägde brauchen keine Geldzuwendungen vom Haller Rat. Hier in unserer Küche auf unserer Landleben Veranstaltung 2023. - <i>These maids don't need money from the magistrate of Hall. Here in our kitchen on our Landleben event in 2023. (photo: A.-K. Kemmer, 2023)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Der Haller Rat war auch noch soweit liquide, dass er beispielsweise einer armen Frau namens Katharina Dieschmann mit "Kindt" zumindest 2 Taler "verehren" konnte. Sie war offenbar die Witwe eines Joß Dieschmann [9].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>The Hall council was also sufficiently liquid that, for example, it was able to “devote” at least 2 thalers to a poor woman named Katharina Dieschmann with “Kindt” (child). She was apparently the widow of a Joß Dieschmann [9].</i></span></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p><b>Fotos: Michael Leyendecker, A.-K. Kemmer<br /></b></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Notizen / <i>Notes</i>:</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;">1) siehe: https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2019/03/29-juni-161929th-of-june-1619-das.html<br /></p><p>2) <span face=""Trebuchet MS",sans-serif" style="background: white; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Franz Riegler: „Schwäbisch
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">Schüler’sche Chronik, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall,
Signatur HV HS 89, S. 634</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">4) Brief des Joseph Eisenmann an den Haller Rat, undatiert wohl um 1625, in: "Belehnung der Reichsstadt Schwäbisch Hall und des Spitals mit den Lehen der Fürtprobstei Ellwangen" ... Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/3754</span></p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify;">5) Peter Milger: „Der Dreißigjährige Krieg - Gegen Land
und Leute“ Orbis Verlag, Niedernhausen, 2001, S. 158</p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify;">6) Kai Lehmann: "Leben und Sterben im Dreißigjährigen Krieg" wehry Verlag, Untermaßfeld, 2014, S. 65-66 <br /></p>
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">7) Schüler'sche Chronik S. 634</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">8) Kai Lehmann S. 66</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">9) Ratsprotokoll 1624, hier: 31. Mai 1624, Stadtachiv Schwäbisch Hall Sig. 4/0228, S. 1<br /></span></p>
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Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-24735085239686526842024-02-06T06:10:00.000-08:002024-02-06T06:18:36.952-08:00Second unit of the project.<p style="text-align: justify;"><i>I finally managed to paint my second battalion of the project. The uniform of Walsegg regiment is typical for the Austrian army with red cuffs, red lapels and white turnbacks. As for all other units of the project I use Bleckwenn's book as a reference [1]. </i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfsHPtHUrCUoccpBvzMYQyknaCNHjLF_R9vyLdzBc3D3zXu4cfqXk131HaLKEys7B7osiswrhYR9Hft-hlCZX3pnRPNFuaW0hWHVs8eeo0fy2ku_6wjHXhcNrKj7PGjPly6rXAnVhfWm1jg2s7E3xVfMlsb3mKaTbFuCJm-zOGiLxvvYlazNcQmdwGZzE/s2048/Walsegg1.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfsHPtHUrCUoccpBvzMYQyknaCNHjLF_R9vyLdzBc3D3zXu4cfqXk131HaLKEys7B7osiswrhYR9Hft-hlCZX3pnRPNFuaW0hWHVs8eeo0fy2ku_6wjHXhcNrKj7PGjPly6rXAnVhfWm1jg2s7E3xVfMlsb3mKaTbFuCJm-zOGiLxvvYlazNcQmdwGZzE/s320/Walsegg1.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The uniforms of the drummers are really speculative. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><i><br /></i><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>The owner of the regiment took part in the war of the Polish Succession in Italy. In October 1733 Otto Graf von Walsegg became Obristwachtmeister and in June 1734 Feldmarschall-Leutnant [2]. He commanded the decisive troops in the combat at Colorno on June 1, 1734 [3].</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggb-Sui8hb1sgDlk1hT9tVeh03jXOl6Lnm9dPY5N696tuuchONzfGUZR9ILZ7Ktu02yr52epatmmM8rTIy1XfR5kq8b0DS-Nwn1ms4tVUIE9hx0SHUoFpTeugJNvGEusHDECX9eTNauzbDs8mDXvxFdxy93Fz9WPwSFTlQA7YK27jdXsgjm-a8XnVx6Qw/s2048/Walsegg2.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggb-Sui8hb1sgDlk1hT9tVeh03jXOl6Lnm9dPY5N696tuuchONzfGUZR9ILZ7Ktu02yr52epatmmM8rTIy1XfR5kq8b0DS-Nwn1ms4tVUIE9hx0SHUoFpTeugJNvGEusHDECX9eTNauzbDs8mDXvxFdxy93Fz9WPwSFTlQA7YK27jdXsgjm-a8XnVx6Qw/s320/Walsegg2.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>I tried to paint as much easy as possible. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><i><br /></i><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>One battalion of the regiment 698 men strong served under FML Wuttgenau (1674-1736) [4] at the defense of Philippsburg [5]. </i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span></span></p><a name='more'></a><i><br /></i><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiehcx2HLCfg7khFeCNYK6_vlJAL0lOZmtDyn_jeIpKCimR8GG8LW3779XiyJkd3JOoDojdAdsKDQ2-PHNKa6wv_H3P07jlR0xGdzEFcsxHVyIjnKuiSg0wHGea8615Ze7wNFD8vCU7QcV3Fg1V_Av3oMGIDz96ILTuYPhjelT5VXkX0hAhrG59wsziTV8/s2048/Walsegg3.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiehcx2HLCfg7khFeCNYK6_vlJAL0lOZmtDyn_jeIpKCimR8GG8LW3779XiyJkd3JOoDojdAdsKDQ2-PHNKa6wv_H3P07jlR0xGdzEFcsxHVyIjnKuiSg0wHGea8615Ze7wNFD8vCU7QcV3Fg1V_Av3oMGIDz96ILTuYPhjelT5VXkX0hAhrG59wsziTV8/s320/Walsegg3.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>I really much like the marching poses of both sets by HäT. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><i><br /></i><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>I use my favorite flag from the reign of emperor Karl VI for my new unit, which was painted by David Morfitt [6].</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><br /></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><b>Photos: André Hanselmann</b></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><br /></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Notes:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">1) <i><span style="text-align: left;">Hans Bleckwenn: "Reiter, Husaren und Grenadiere" Hardenberg Kommunikation, Dortmund, 1979, p. 34</span></i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="text-align: left;">2) Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Österreich, Band 53, Wien, 1886 S. 8</span></i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="text-align: left;">3) More about the encounter in June here on the blog. It's obvious that he was promoted to the rank of FML on June 9th for his performance at Colorno.</span></i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="text-align: left;">4) Gottfried Ernst von Wuttgenau, GWM 1727, FML 1733</span></i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="text-align: left;">5) </span></span><span style="background-color: white;">Raimund Gerba: "Feldzüge des Prinzen Eugen" Verlag des K. u. K. Kriegsarchivs, Wien, 1891, p. 212</span></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="background-color: white;">6) Please look in his blog: </span></i></span>Not By Appointment (nba-sywtemplates.blogspot.com)</p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-54349079956805894602024-02-04T07:01:00.000-08:002024-02-04T07:01:18.568-08:00A general for my heavy cavalry<p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Now my general is ready for a game. Meanwhile I'm working on a battalion of the Walsegg regiment. I made some grenadiers very long ago.</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihLgisckOsnaDC7qaEys__KbpDT6W2XBtI5mNlcI0nJcPXiFLGMueePee7riuy5IqeNOdDXn2arVqunQCFxfUWA3YAysfY0ipXkIUkXnl36hUUhdVFFMxf46MfqKGdtMUgbGTxNhd21UAmrPe3vJqipjUv2gW6pMbSzPF_pX6RrC14PqzOujm-tUZbS78/s2048/Gen%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihLgisckOsnaDC7qaEys__KbpDT6W2XBtI5mNlcI0nJcPXiFLGMueePee7riuy5IqeNOdDXn2arVqunQCFxfUWA3YAysfY0ipXkIUkXnl36hUUhdVFFMxf46MfqKGdtMUgbGTxNhd21UAmrPe3vJqipjUv2gW6pMbSzPF_pX6RrC14PqzOujm-tUZbS78/s320/Gen%202.jpg" width="240" /></a></div><br /><i><br /></i><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Fortunately I finally finished the new model house with my son. It's the house from Zaisenhausen. The original building is from the 1550s and our home on our Landleben-events. Busch made a good model [1] - only the chimney is wrong and we tried to ignore it.</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw5fzom3lE4ycC4nzIpuxgG_jdoJEh9x_xzN2J_qIYWX0iwzIsLlMleBbwbyZoAJXz7Lmu42H5vpYhoRq6_YxYFmQp3UfoeA68bqqD7CJMA6Gg5GKlrEuqfO0W6MF_1bOoZeW0zB4HAiKnE5ANCuszDlCXJtyeRTsWqM2pM5zgOr-OcyBwK2zNda609KA/s2048/Gen3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw5fzom3lE4ycC4nzIpuxgG_jdoJEh9x_xzN2J_qIYWX0iwzIsLlMleBbwbyZoAJXz7Lmu42H5vpYhoRq6_YxYFmQp3UfoeA68bqqD7CJMA6Gg5GKlrEuqfO0W6MF_1bOoZeW0zB4HAiKnE5ANCuszDlCXJtyeRTsWqM2pM5zgOr-OcyBwK2zNda609KA/s320/Gen3.JPG" width="320" /></a></i></div><i><br /> </i><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8LteV2Wqecqz-E04tPo_8OD8Gx2sAOawKt0pCmIrQb1almSSNeCcnvzKNV_Xwxr37SG291sxLJ2SWW5Hri1cnzFSNvjbG6DjiNueSsYoIfmSj5B75p_L-MJ1dNpFAgQnhE40tLB_JjHh2O5zFBOa9pBmzRQjuNdIPgGGMQE3d0aGtKpXIP1V18fCv1fQ/s2048/Gen%201.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8LteV2Wqecqz-E04tPo_8OD8Gx2sAOawKt0pCmIrQb1almSSNeCcnvzKNV_Xwxr37SG291sxLJ2SWW5Hri1cnzFSNvjbG6DjiNueSsYoIfmSj5B75p_L-MJ1dNpFAgQnhE40tLB_JjHh2O5zFBOa9pBmzRQjuNdIPgGGMQE3d0aGtKpXIP1V18fCv1fQ/s320/Gen%201.jpg" width="240" /></a></i></div><i><br /> </i><p></p><p><b><i>Text: André Hanselmann</i></b></p><p><b><i>Photos: André Hanselmann</i></b><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><i>Note:</i></p><p><i>1) Busch: Bauernhaus aus Zaisenhausen 8236, H0-scale.</i><br /></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-67794535068046324822024-02-02T01:27:00.000-08:002024-02-02T01:27:59.458-08:00Historiker von nebenan - Historians alongside: Leonard Dorn<div style="text-align: justify;">Heute möchte ich euch ein bisschen Leonard Dorn vorstellen, den ich sozusagen bei seinen ersten
Schritten im Reenactment begleitet habe. Bei uns auf den Veranstaltungen war er schon als er noch
Schüler war sehr wichtig, da er wie beispielsweise im Museum am Kiekeberg auf einer
Veranstaltung, die das Thema Tanzen im Mittelpunkt hatte, als Geiger fungierte. Hierfür konnten
wir uns damals auch eine bereits publizierte Tanzschrift aus den 1790ern zunutze machen [1]. Das war
besonders toll, da wir dergleichen meines Wissens aus dem Hällischen nicht haben. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Neben der
zivilen Darstellung auf unseren Events in Wackershofen, Roscheider Hof und anderswo, war
Leonard Dorn auch schon auf anderen Veranstaltungen dabei und hat auch bei der Schaumburg-
Bückeburgischen Artillerie mitgewirkt. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Leonard Dorn hat an der Universität Bonn Geschichte studiert und arbeitet derzeit am Deutschen
Historischen Institut Paris an seiner Promotion. Verschiedene Publikationen sind von ihm bereits
erschienen wie seine Bachelorarbeit zu General Dietrich Goswin von Bockum-Dolffs [2]. Schon sehr
früh während seinem Studium hat Leonard Dorn an der bedeutenden Ausstellung "Wider
Napoleon!" in Lüdenscheid mitgewirkt [3]. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrswC_yDhSQmSSnbrK8YUjqbOLMlwENuZff1L0bxEInfFN7pfS9xfv0IApBxbdmRn9llDPD223qRMUJX7aPrgXXYepcp1eDaFvk3dbKmwPlYU3EqVzrvBkzxRfIKi3JI6QJoiD_gC5FkVrGyfD2ZcpR-pWVih8n3bQVQnzk2Kzw9CGpsX80KQsc70NcFA/s2000/IMG_7644k.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1450" data-original-width="2000" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrswC_yDhSQmSSnbrK8YUjqbOLMlwENuZff1L0bxEInfFN7pfS9xfv0IApBxbdmRn9llDPD223qRMUJX7aPrgXXYepcp1eDaFvk3dbKmwPlYU3EqVzrvBkzxRfIKi3JI6QJoiD_gC5FkVrGyfD2ZcpR-pWVih8n3bQVQnzk2Kzw9CGpsX80KQsc70NcFA/s320/IMG_7644k.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Leonard
Dorn als Dorfmusiker mit Geige auf unserer Anno Domini 1743
Veranstaltung 2018 vor dem Hintergrund des Scharmützels bei
Übrigshausen. - <i>Leonard Dorn as a musician of our village on our Anno
Domini 1743 event in 2018 which had the encounter at Übrigshausen as
the historical background. (photo: Claudia Behnke 2018)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><i>Today I would like to introduce you to Leonard Dorn, who I
accompanied on his first steps in reenactment. Even as a student, he played an
important role in our events, for example as a violinist at the Museum am
Kiekeberg during an event focusing on dance. We were also able to use an
already published dance book from the 1790s [1]. That was especially great because,
as far as I know, we don't have anything like that in the region of Schwäbisch Hall. </i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i>In addition to the civilian presentation at our events in Wackershofen,
Roscheider Hof and elsewhere, Leonard Dorn was also present at other events and
participated in the Schaumburg-Bückeburg Artillery. </i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i>Leonard Dorn studied
history at the University of Bonn and is currently working on his doctorate at
the German Historical Institute in Paris. He is the author of several
publications, including his bachelor's thesis on the Prussian general Dietrich
Goswin von Bockum-Dolffs [2]. Very early in his studies, Leonard Dorn
participated in the important exhibition "Against Napoleon!" in
Lüdenscheid [3].</i></p> <span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><br /></i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiudaL_6EI2FYiyLxHNATDjnedsSt93tWaizX_al-lPmvFOcvtUfU0hdBwSt64H2ADIAzufH8gHlCnT6u67fqhKgNlKVliX0e640i8cLdXADwgLDIv6mnfZcQFID63f80MQh_uf4q9NvVOaKef2ENKDJWxvbsZmcE8DgQ5mvseSQZ3DTqHetZ5yqSdjNfk/s3264/01%20Schloss%20Friedenstein%20Gotha.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2448" data-original-width="3264" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiudaL_6EI2FYiyLxHNATDjnedsSt93tWaizX_al-lPmvFOcvtUfU0hdBwSt64H2ADIAzufH8gHlCnT6u67fqhKgNlKVliX0e640i8cLdXADwgLDIv6mnfZcQFID63f80MQh_uf4q9NvVOaKef2ENKDJWxvbsZmcE8DgQ5mvseSQZ3DTqHetZ5yqSdjNfk/w400-h300/01%20Schloss%20Friedenstein%20Gotha.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Schloss Friedenstein Gotha. - <i>Friedenstein Castle in Gotha. </i>(Foto: L. Dorn, CC BY-SA 4.0)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Hallo Leo, wie geht es Dir? Wie bist Du durch die Corona-Zeit gekommen?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en" style="font-family: inherit;"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Hello Leo, how are you? How did you get through the Corona period?</i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> Hallo André, gut, Danke der Nachfrage. Die Corona-Zeit war für meine Recherchen gar kein
so starker Einschnitt, da ich für mein aktuelles Projekt zeitgleich zum Pandemieausbruch in
Deutschland den letzten Archivaufenthalt in Berlin abgeschlossen hatte. Gegen Ende der
Pandemie konnte ich dann noch Recherchen an den Forschungsbibliotheken Wolfenbüttel
und Gotha durchführen und habe dabei viele sehr nette Forschende kennenlernen dürfen.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en" style="font-family: inherit;"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Hello Leo, how are you? How did you get through the Corona period?</i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> </i></span><i>Hi André, well, thanks for asking. The Corona period was not
such a big break in my research, as I had just finished my last archival stay
in Berlin for my current project when the pandemic broke out in Germany.
Towards the end of the pandemic, I was able to do research at the scientific libraries
in Wolfenbüttel and Gotha, and met many very kind researchers.</i>
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip_74ZNcv7D6KJk96783SoPN_6yiCNPemyy53IxeUSjPfrgWDwMHdQsPH5FuQ58pYz5sOsCZTFZM2Yg_l-8E-Hao0bCwL_5opcd1OAc2Oe21HJgrO67RVYaTFAKUapo5hs8zVeNKLFwGIoDUojtrvV1R35PdMKW1J4Fgpn2tFhgtC_7hj-jpDB5F-LEMA/s1140/02_Casanova_Choc_de_Cavalerie_Detail_Husar.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="378" data-original-width="1140" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip_74ZNcv7D6KJk96783SoPN_6yiCNPemyy53IxeUSjPfrgWDwMHdQsPH5FuQ58pYz5sOsCZTFZM2Yg_l-8E-Hao0bCwL_5opcd1OAc2Oe21HJgrO67RVYaTFAKUapo5hs8zVeNKLFwGIoDUojtrvV1R35PdMKW1J4Fgpn2tFhgtC_7hj-jpDB5F-LEMA/w400-h133/02_Casanova_Choc_de_Cavalerie_Detail_Husar.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> Bildcollage mit Motiven aus dem Musée Condé. - <i>Pictures out of the musée Condé.</i> (Foto: Leonard Dorn, CC BY-SA 4.0)</td></tr></tbody></table><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>2- André Hanselmann:</b> Du hast ja ein Faible besonders für die französische Armee, hast auch - übrigens so wie auch
unser erster Interviewpartner Günter Schneider [4] - die Gelegenheit gehabt in Frankreich zu
forschen. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Mit Spannung warte ich offengestanden auf eine Publikation von Dir zur französischen
Armee im Siebenjährigen Krieg. Habe ich da gute Karten? Hast Du etwas im Petto? </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Würdest Du Dich
als Militärhistoriker sehen? Deine bisherigen Publikationen weisen ja eher in die Richtung. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b> </b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> Ich sehe mich auch als Militärhistoriker und Konfliktforscher, vor allem aber als 18.-
Jahrhundert-Forscher. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Es kann gut sein, dass ich nach meinem aktuellen Projekt thematisch
etwas anderes ausprobiere. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Langfristig ist mein nächstes Buch natürlich meine Dissertation zu Kriegsgefangenschaft im
Westen des Heiligen Römischen Reiches im Siebenjährigen Krieg. Viele französische
Soldaten wurden in diesem Konflikt im heutigen Niedersachsen gefangen gehalten und
wurden teilweise in die Häuser der Landbevölkerung einquartiert. In meiner Studie geht es
sehr viel um das Königreich Frankreich, aber auch um Großbritannien-Hannover, Kurköln,
Sachsen-Gotha und viele weitere Fürstentümer des Alten Reiches. Es dauert aber durchaus
seine Zeit bis größere Publikation fertiggestellt sind. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Daher habe noch etwas anderes im
Petto:
Demnächst steht ein kurzer Beitrag an, der den Umgang mit Gefangenen in einer Schlacht
des Siebenjährigen Krieges aus unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln beleuchtet. Bebilderung ist
dafür natürlich ein Muss, aber du kennst als Blogbetreiber ja die Schwierigkeit mit den
Bildrechten. Ich bin dafür am Wochenende zum Château de Chantilly im Umland von Paris
gefahren und habe im Musée Condé ein paar, wie ich finde, sehr schöne Aufnahmen
machen können. Der Text ist im Themenportal der „Max Weber Stiftung – Deutsche
Geisteswissenschaftliche Institute im Ausland“ erschienen [5]. Das 18. Jahrhundert ist in dem
Themenportal bisher kaum vertreten. Das Publikum kann also vermutlich mit dem
Siebenjährigen Krieg im ersten Moment nicht viel anfangen.
Im Text wird deshalb alles möglichst ‚einfach‘ erklärt. Das ist beim Schreiben zunächst
ungewohnt und auch ein bisschen herausfordernd. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Bei Living History stehen wir oft vor
demselben Problem: Es ist viel Interesse bei den Besucher:innen da, aber du kannst kein
Vorwissen über die Gesellschaft und Kultur des 18. Jahrhunderts voraussetzen. Du musst dir
überlegen, welche Begriffe du umschreibst und welche Begriffe so wichtig sind, dass du sie
erklärst und die Besucher:innen dadurch im Idealfall die Zeit etwas besser verstehen. Statt
zeitspezifischer und an sich richtigen Begriffen wie „Bagage“, muss es dann eben „Gepäck
der Armee“ sein.
Meine neuen Publikationen zum Siebenjährigen Krieg liste ich seit kurzem in meinem Blog
auf: https://dsk.hypotheses.org/publikationen. Zuletzt ist z.B. ein Aufsatz zum Thema
Zivilisationsbehauptungen und Barbareivorwürfen im Krieg online erschienen: https://kath-
akademie-bayern.de/wp-content/uploads/debatte_2022-4.pdf Kriegsgefangenschaft ist in
den letzten Jahren leider wieder ein sehr aktuelles Thema geworden. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1BP9aajFt1D1DymANi5Km7fWvlqImMxgj2Idt9sFBlBmgLTE7CcyPT1x5tC-mXm17BlkE4d9tcTFlA3_zBkq57ZooJP1royogAvAiZxrxwFo6PlF1FHV9ZdNmoYvr6tjx8nME10nU338dk9c433DfJxKBR1M6HH4Y7pIAIcr1Pa957hK48LEsrR2c-x0/s800/Bayreuth%202009.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="800" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1BP9aajFt1D1DymANi5Km7fWvlqImMxgj2Idt9sFBlBmgLTE7CcyPT1x5tC-mXm17BlkE4d9tcTFlA3_zBkq57ZooJP1royogAvAiZxrxwFo6PlF1FHV9ZdNmoYvr6tjx8nME10nU338dk9c433DfJxKBR1M6HH4Y7pIAIcr1Pa957hK48LEsrR2c-x0/s320/Bayreuth%202009.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Auf einer privaten Veranstaltung in Bayreuth 2009. - <i>On a privat event in Bayreuth in 2009</i>.<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>2- André Hanselmann:</b> </i></span><i>You have a particular soft spot for the French army and -
like our first interviewee Günter Schneider [4] - you also had the opportunity
to do research in France. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>To be honest, I am eagerly awaiting an upcoming
publication from you on the French Army in the Seven Years' War. Do I have a
good chance there? Do you have anything up your sleeve? </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>Would you consider
yourself a military historian? Your previous publications point more in that
direction.</i>
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><br /></i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><span><a name='more'></a></span><i><br /></i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> </i></span><i>I also see myself as a military historian and conflict
scientist, but above all as an 18th century researcher. t may well be that
after my current project I will try something else thematically. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>In the long
term, my next book is of course my dissertation on captivity in the western
part of the Holy Roman Empire during the Seven Years' War. During this
conflict, many French soldiers were held prisoner in what is now Lower Saxony,
sometimes in the homes of the rural population. My study is very much about the
Kingdom of France, but also about Great Britain-Hannover, the Electorate of
Cologne, Saxony-Gotha and many other principalities of the Holy Roman Empire.
However, it will definitely take some time to publish larger works. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>So I have
something else up my sleeve: A short article will be published soon that will
look at the treatment of prisoners in a battle of the Seven Years' War from
different perspectives. Illustrations are a must, of course, but as a blog host
you know the difficulties with image rights. I went to the Château de Chantilly
in the outskirts of Paris over the weekend and was able to take what I thought
were some very nice photos in the Musée Condé. The text appeared in the thematic
portal of the "Max Weber Foundation - German Humanities Institutes
Abroad" [5]. The 18th century is hardly represented in the thematic portal
so far. So the audience probably won't be able to make much of the Seven Years'
War at first. Therefore, everything in the text is explained as plain and
concise as possible. This is unusual at first and a bit challenging to write. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>With Living History we often face the same problem: there is a lot of interest
among visitors, but you cannot assume any prior knowledge of 18th century
society and culture. You have to think about which terms to describe, and which
terms are important enough to explain and ideally help visitors understand the
period a little better. Instead of using time-specific and inherently correct
terms like "bagage," you need to use "army luggage" [at
least in German]. I have recently started listing my new publications on the
Seven Years' War in my blog: https://dsk.hypotheses.org/publikationen.
Recently, for example, an essay on the subject of claims of civilization and
accusations of barbarism during war appeared online:
https://kath-akademie-bayern.de/wp-content/uploads/debatte_2022-4.pdf War
captivity has unfortunately become a very current topic again in recent years.</i>
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> </i></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_EVmuoVCgnpi-27-Yts8g9sx-matNFd43LDj8cRfoyyVRNu96qXK22S64NzBJXhW1dZMvGdn2eJSe_f5FqJE1tkAzMD3ni_uFClgMLJUIDPfXMzfWOMi3p_QRVbNoORfE_JBJnz_eNj9exxW-teHTD0dRRGFjeQ9XG9mrufoLfAd27JnUiBjx4NZbfVU/s2832/Bottrop%202010,%20Foto%20LD.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2832" data-original-width="2128" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_EVmuoVCgnpi-27-Yts8g9sx-matNFd43LDj8cRfoyyVRNu96qXK22S64NzBJXhW1dZMvGdn2eJSe_f5FqJE1tkAzMD3ni_uFClgMLJUIDPfXMzfWOMi3p_QRVbNoORfE_JBJnz_eNj9exxW-teHTD0dRRGFjeQ9XG9mrufoLfAd27JnUiBjx4NZbfVU/s320/Bottrop%202010,%20Foto%20LD.JPG" width="240" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In Bottrop 2010 als Gehilfe eines Preußischen Ingenieuroffiziers. - <i>At Bottrop in 2010 as an assistant of a Prussian officer of the engineers.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">3 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> Apropos: ich hatte auch einmal mitbekommen, dass Du auch an der großartigen kronoskaf-
Seite [6] mit Artikeln mitwirkst. Bist Du da noch sehr aktiv? Was meinst Du, wird es nachdem auch
was zu Spanischen Erbfolgekrieg [7] dazu kam, auch ein eigener Bereich zum Österreichischen
Erbfolgekrieg kommen? </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> Ich habe bei kronoskaf bisher nur einige kleine Quellenhinweise gegeben. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Ich war bisher
mehr auf Wikipedia aktiv. Ich habe unter anderem etwas zu den Artikeln Vertrag von
Versailles (1756), Schlacht bei Saint-Cast, Tacky’s Rebellion und Mousquetaires de la garde
beigetragen. Der Artikel zu den zwei Kompanien der Musketiere des Königs ist sicherlich bei
Interesse am Österreichischen Erbfolgekrieg interessant. Dazu kann ich auch einen
Buchtipp geben: „Les mousquetaires du roi: Une troupe d’élite au coeur du pouvoir“. Der
Autor ist einer der historischen Berater der Arte Doku „D'Artagnan, Musketier im Dienst des
Sonnenkönigs“ sowie des französischen Kinofilms, den du in deiner Rezension ganz schön
verrissen hast [8]. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Derzeit läuft zu dem Thema auch eine Ausstellung im Archiv des
französischen Verteidigungsministeriums. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Auch in meinen eigenen Forschungen zum Siebenjährigen Krieg spielt der Österreichische
Erbfolgekrieg eine wichtige Rolle. Für die Offiziere der kriegführenden Mächte war er ein
wichtiger Referenzpunkt. Der Umgang mit Kriegsgefangenschaft war vor allem ein
Kriegsbrauch. Die Akteure beriefen sich häufig auf Präzedenzfälle aus den 1740er Jahren
und versuchten an Verträge von damals anzuknüpfen. Französische und britische Offiziere
erinnerten besonders Episoden der Schlachten bei Dettingen (1743) und Fontenoy (1745).
Bei Dettingen stellte der Herzog von Cumberland den französischen Gefangenen seine
Ärzte zur Verfügung und bei Fontenoy soll Ludwig XV. auf dem Schlachtfeld Tränen für seine
Gegner vergossen haben. Mildes Verhalten gegenüber besiegten Feinden wurde in der
Logik von Gabe und Gegengabe mit Verweisen auf Dettingen und Fontenoy begründet. Die
Interaktion mit hochrangigen Gefangenen entfaltete also langfristige Wirkungen. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">3 - <b>André Hanselmann</b>: </span>Speaking of which: I also noticed that you used to
contribute articles to the terrific kronoskaf [6] site. Are you still active
there? What do you think, after what was added to the War of the Spanish
Succession [7], will there also be a separate area for the War of the Austrian
Succession?</i><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><b>Leonard Dorn: </b></span>So far I have only given a few small references to sources
at kronoskaf. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>I've been more active on Wikipedia. I contributed to the articles
Treaty of Versailles (1756), Battle of Saint-Cast, Tacky's Rebellion and
Mousquetaires de la garde. The article on the two companies of the King's
Musketeers is certainly worth reading if you are interested in the War of the
Austrian Succession. I can also give you a book tip: "Les mousquetaires du
roi: Une troupe d'élite au coeur du pouvoir". The author is one of the historical
consultants for the Arte documentary "D'Artagnan, Musketeer in the Service
of the Sun King" and for the French film that you really panned in your
review [8]. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>There is currently an exhibition on the subject in the archives of
the French Ministry of Defense. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>The War of the Austrian Succession also plays
an important role in my own research on the Seven Years' War. It was an
important point of reference for the officers of the warring powers. The
treatment of prisoners of war was first and foremost a wartime custom. The
protagonists often referred to precedents from the 1740s and tried to build on
treaties from that time. French and British officers particularly remembered
episodes from the battles of Dettingen (1743) and Fontenoy (1745). At Dettingen,
the Duke of Cumberland made his doctors available to the French prisoners, and
at Fontenoy, Louis XV is said to have shed tears for his enemies on the
battlefield. Mild treatment of defeated enemies was justified in the logic of
reciprocity with references to Dettingen and Fontenoy. Interaction with
high-ranking prisoners therefore had long-term effects.</i><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">4 - <b>André Hanselmann</b> Ich will ein bisschen auf Dein Studium zurück kommen. Bonn ist ja eine Stadt, welche durchaus
im 18. Jh. einige Bedeutung als Residenzstadt hatte. Im Beethoven-Film aus dem lJahr 2020 ("Louis
van Beethoven" [9]) kam das ein bisschen vor. Hat Dich Bonn ein bisschen als Historiker
geprägt? Bei mir selber ist es ja so, dass es schwer ist in meinen Recherchen sowas wie die
Schlacht bei Freiburg 1644 [10] oder die Belagerung von Freiburg 1744 [11] außen vor zu lassen,
wenn es einfach vor der Haustür liegt. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> Ja, absolut. Über das Kurfürstentum Köln mit seiner Residenzstadt Bonn wusste ich vor
meinem Bachelor- und Masterstudium im Prinzip nichts. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Auch unabhängig von
werbewirksamen Größen wie Beethoven – den Film habe ich übrigens noch nicht gesehen,
vielleicht muss ich es mal nachholen – gibt es bei der Beschäftigung mit rheinischer
Geschichte viel zu entdecken.
Einige der Bonner Hofkünstler, etwa Georg Desmarées, Robert de Cotte und François
Rousseau, haben großartige Werke geschaffen. Es gibt ein François Rousseau
zugeschriebenes Gemälde aus den 1740er Jahren, dass eine Kirmes vor dem Poppelsdorfer
Schloss in Bonn zeigt. Darauf sind viele Details, die für auch als Inspiration für Living History
dienen können. Es ist fast eine Art Wimmelbild. Außerdem ist im Stadtmuseum eine
umfangreiche Bilderserie zu Rheinfahrt und Einzug des Koadjutors (=zu Lebzeiten
gewählter Nachfolger des regierenden Erzbischofs gewählter Nachfolger) Maximilian Franz
von Habsburg, einer der Söhne Kaiserin-Königin Maria Theresias.
Außerdem waren die Kurfürsten und Erzbischöfe von Köln in Personalunion Herrscher
verschiedener anderer Fürstbistümern. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Kurköln ist ein gutes Studienobjekt, wenn man das
Phänomen zusammengesetzte Staatlichkeit verstehen möchte. Das bedeutete ein Fürst
vereinte die Herrschaft über mehrere Territorien in seiner Person, diese blieben aber
eigenständig und hatten jeweils ihre eigenen Ständeversammlungen, Gesetze und
Gepflogenheiten. Außerdem war Kurköln ein geistliches Fürstentum, was im Heiligen
Römischen Reich, nichts Ungewöhnliches war. Die geistlichen Fürstentümer in der
Forschung lange im Schatten der großen „Machtstaaten“ wie Preußen. Das Studium in Bonn
hat mich für diese eher weniger beachteten Fürstentümer sensibilisiert und ich Räume
ihnen in meiner Arbeit entsprechend nun auch Platz ein. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">In Bonn gab es zum Beethovenjahr 2020, das leider durch Corona ein ziemlicher Flop war,
auch eine Ausstellung zum Thema „Bonns Goldenes Zeitalter“ zur kurkölnischen
Residenzstadt im späten 18. Jahrhundert. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">4 - <b>André Hanselmann: </b></span>I would like to come back a little bit to your studies. Bonn
is a city that had some importance as a princely residence city in the 18th
century. This was a bit of a theme in the Beethoven movie 2020 ("Louis van
Beethoven" [9]). Has Bonn influenced you as a historian? It's hard for me to ignore
something like the Battle of Freiburg in 1644 [10] or the Siege of Freiburg in
1744 [11] in my research when it's right on my doorstep.
</i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> </span>Yes, absolutely. Before my bachelor's and master's degrees,
I knew virtually nothing about the Electorate of Cologne and its capital, Bonn. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>Even if you don't look at Beethoven - I haven't seen the movie yet, maybe I'll
have to - there's a lot to discover when you look at the history of the
Rhineland. Some of the Bonn court artists, such as Georg Desmarées, Robert de
Cotte and François Rousseau, created magnificent works. There is a painting
from the 1740s attributed to François Rousseau that shows a fair in front of
Poppelsdorf Castle in Bonn. It has a lot of details that can be used as
inspiration for Living History. It's almost like a hidden object picture. There
is also an extensive series of pictures in the City Museum depicting the Rhine
journey and the entrance of the coadjutor (=successor to the reigning
archbishop elected during his lifetime) Maximilian Franz of Habsburg, one of
the sons of Empress Queen Maria Theresia. In addition, the prince-electors and
archbishops of Cologne were rulers of several other prince-bishoprics in
personal union. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>The Electorate of Cologne is a fine object of study if you want
to understand the phenomenon of composite statehood. This meant that a prince
combined the rule of several territories in his person, but these territories
remained independent and each had its own assemblies, laws and customs. Moreover,
Electoral Cologne was an ecclesiastical principality, which was nothing unusual
in the Holy Roman Empire. In research, the ecclesiastical principalities were
long overshadowed by the great "power states" such as Prussia. My
studies in Bonn made me more aware of these somewhat less noticed
principalities and I now give them a place in my work. </i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>In Bonn, there was also
an exhibition on the topic of "Bonn's Golden Age" as princely
residence city in the late 18th century for the Beethoven Year 2020, , which
unfortunately was quite a flop due to corona.</i>
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6QrRYrbkLev8gNCmA5dgC4HCudksGrbDnFBMimkpZ3VMa79JN5eXkles1txZ3PMPDm89TANIOpLsgXneaa_XqO60S6C-QdsE5BjFdkShiMMG_rUN9H8g3d4ISb5nlKDmmp-MdlBmgOkcMoJyP-aRi_fYDJlo3iBcHUpQz9fFCD_fCjwkNAWCE0tGQaNM/s4000/Wackershofen%202011%2002,%20Foto%20LD.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3000" data-original-width="4000" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6QrRYrbkLev8gNCmA5dgC4HCudksGrbDnFBMimkpZ3VMa79JN5eXkles1txZ3PMPDm89TANIOpLsgXneaa_XqO60S6C-QdsE5BjFdkShiMMG_rUN9H8g3d4ISb5nlKDmmp-MdlBmgOkcMoJyP-aRi_fYDJlo3iBcHUpQz9fFCD_fCjwkNAWCE0tGQaNM/s320/Wackershofen%202011%2002,%20Foto%20LD.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Auf unserer Anno Domini-Veranstaltung in Wackershofen 2012. Auf dem Bild ist rechts auch ein weiterer Darsteller zu sehen, der hier bereits interviewt wurde. - <i>On our Anno Domini event in Wackershofen in 2012. You can see one of our other participants from our interviews at the right.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">5 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> Du bist einer unserer näheren Bekannten, der noch mit beiden Beinen im akademischen Betrieb
steht. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Wie wird bei Dir auf der Uni unser Hobby gesehen? Bist Du dort auch auf viele andere
Reenactors getroffen? </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> Ich glaube an den Universitäten kennen viele Living History oder Reenactment nicht. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Das
Wort Reenactment wird auch häufig anders benutzt. Eine Spielszene in einer
geschichtlichen Dokumentation wird zum Beispiel als Reenactment bezeichnet. Aus unserer
Perspektive wäre das nur der Fall, wenn es Personen sind, die zu ihrer Rolle recherchiert
haben und sich passende Kleidung selber beschafft oder angefertigt haben. Man nimmt
natürlich immer ein paar Dinge aus dem Hobby Living History in den sonstigen Alltag und
witzigerweise bin ich dadurch an der Uni dann auch manchmal anderen Reenactors
begegnet. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">5 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> </span></i><span style="text-align: left;"><i>You are one of our closest acquaintances who still has both
feet planted firmly in academia. How is our hobby viewed at university? Did you
meet many other reenactors there?</i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> </span></i><span style="text-align: left;"><i>I think a
lot of people at universities don't know about living history or reenactment. </i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"><i>The word reenactment is also often used in different ways. For example, a
re-enacted scene in a historical documentary is called a reenactment. From our
point of view, this would only be the case if the people involved had actually
researched their roles and bought or made their own clothes. Of course, you
always take a few things from your living history hobby into your everyday life
and, funnily enough, I sometimes met other reenactors at university as a
result.</i></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLXxXRlggP0MV1CKHfecmpvv7BjTVn1ooXGr6QgGSVfFMPbk5mARK-wG-edGD4D-Yx_3sBUjFVuU0xlNG85PsqgaUH7BHwtg_P3VrfM6rp9uQDOm6omN_dyaawbLeCykJrKWL_abP90G4chJqN3EGhfFJqGagbPCjmvqbL9IFps3xQsKa_LNgHiYJmbC0/s4000/Minden%20Silvester%202015%2002,%20Foto%20LD.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="3000" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLXxXRlggP0MV1CKHfecmpvv7BjTVn1ooXGr6QgGSVfFMPbk5mARK-wG-edGD4D-Yx_3sBUjFVuU0xlNG85PsqgaUH7BHwtg_P3VrfM6rp9uQDOm6omN_dyaawbLeCykJrKWL_abP90G4chJqN3EGhfFJqGagbPCjmvqbL9IFps3xQsKa_LNgHiYJmbC0/s320/Minden%20Silvester%202015%2002,%20Foto%20LD.JPG" width="240" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Auf einer privaten Veranstaltung in Minden an Silvester 2015. - <i>On a private event in Minden on New Year's Eve in 2015.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">6 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> Ich habe den Eindruck, dass man als Historiker einen gewissen Vorteil hat, wenn man bei uns im
Hobby Lebendige Geschichte ist. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Nimmst Du viel aus Deinem Wissen, das man als Historiker
bekommt, für Dich mit um Dich auf einer Veranstaltung und Deine Rolle vorzubereiten? </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> Ja und nein. Ich habe durch das Geschichtsstudium häufig viel Hintergrundwissen zur
dargestellten Zeit und noch ein paar andere Vorteile. Ich kann alte Schriften
lesen/schreiben und zu historischen Themen natürlich leicht recherchieren und die nötigen
Fachbücher auftreiben. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Andererseits arbeiten wir in der Geschichtswissenschaft immer
exemplarisch und versuchen nicht uns ein möglichst allumfassendes Wissen zu einer
Epoche anzueignen. Das klappt sowieso nicht. Um hingegen eine Rolle in einem Dorf um
1750 einzunehmen, brauchst du Wissen, dass dir ein Geschichtsstudium nur in
Ausnahmefällen vermitteln kann. In der Wissenschaft ist keine Zeit um detailliert
Tagesrhythmus, Kleidung und Verhaltensweisen einer einzelnen Person nachzuvollziehen.
Da wäre schnell die Frage gestellt, was der Mehrwert davon sein soll.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">6 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> </span></i><span style="text-align: left;"><i>It seems to
me that as a historian, you have a certain advantage in the living history
hobby. </i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"><i>Do you use much of the knowledge you gain as a historian to prepare for
an event and your role?</i></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> </span></i><span style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: left;"><i>Both
yes and no. Thanks to the study of history, I often have a lot of background
knowledge about the period depicted and a few other advantages. I can
read/write old scriptures, and of course I can easily research historical
topics and find the necessary reference books. </i></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; text-align: left;"><i>On the other hand, in history we
always work by example and do not try to acquire the most comprehensive
knowledge possible about an era. That doesn't work anyway. But to play a role
in a village around 1750, you need knowledge that a history degree can only
give you in exceptional cases. In science, there is no time to understand in
detail the daily rhythm, clothing and behavior of a single person. The question
would quickly arise as to what the benefit would be.</i></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">7 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> Wie ich eingangs bereits angedeutet habe, hast Du schon viele verschiedene Rollen auf
Veranstaltungen gehabt. Gibt es für Dich da etwas, was Du besonders gern gemacht hast? </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> Mir haben besonders verschiedene Musiker- und Dienstbotenrollen gefallen.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>7 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> </i></span><span style="text-align: left;"><i>As I
mentioned at the beginning, you have had many different roles at events. Is
there anything you particularly enjoyed doing?</i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> </i></span><span style="text-align: left;"><i>The various
musician and servant roles were particularly enjoyable.</i></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">8 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> Wie ich in unserer Serie zum Thema Dienstboten angesprochen habe, gibt es doch je nach
Aspekt des 18. Jahrhunderts Veranstaltungen, die unbedingte Highlights, die mir einfallen. Wenn ich
an meine Darstellung als Amtmann denke [12], dann kann ich das mit dem Umritt beispielsweise ja
eigentlich nur in Wackershofen irgendwie ausleben. Hast Du da auch so besondere Höhepunkte
schon in Deiner "Karriere" als Darsteller gehabt? </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> Mir behagen die privaten Veranstaltungen in
Schlössern in Frankreich wie in Deutschland ebenso wie die
publikumswirksamen Museumsveranstaltungen wie im Hohenloher
Freilandmuseum Wackershofen. Die privaten Veranstaltungen sind
entspannter, da man sich ganz auf das Rollenspiel einlassen kann. <br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>8 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> </i></span><span style="text-align: left;"><i>As I
mentioned in our series on servants, depending on the aspect of the 18th
century, there are events that come to mind as absolute high points. When I
think of my portrayal of a bailiff [12], for example, I can only really
practise riding around in Wackershofen. Do you have special highlights in your
"career" as a re-enactor?</i></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> </i></span></span><span style="text-align: left;"><i>I love
public museum events like the Hohenlohe Open Air Museum in Wackershofen as well
as private events in castles in France and Germany. The private events are more
relaxed because you can fully immerse yourself in the role play.</i></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i> </i></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">9 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> Ich will hier auch nicht vergessen auf Deine eigenen Blogeinträge auf Hypotheses zu verweisen.
Du hast dort beispielsweise über die habsburgische Festung Karlsburg im heutigen Rumänien
geschrieben [13]. Magst Du kurz etwas über die Vorzüge dieser Form von Blog schreiben? </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> Hypotheses kennen viele deiner Leser:innen vermutlich noch nicht, daher hier die
Kurzerklärung: Es ist eine Plattform für wissenschaftliche Blogs auf WordPress-Basis. Die
Sprachen sind Französisch, Englisch, Deutsch und Spanisch. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Um darüber ein Blog zu nutzen,
musst Du Wissenschaftler:in sein und einen kleinen Antrag stellen. Du kannst die Plattform
nur nutzen, wenn Du in einer wissenschaftlichen Institution arbeitest. Das soll die Qualität
der Inhalte sichern.
Dafür bekommst Du einiges an Service, zum Beispiel musst Du dich nicht um WordPress-
Updates kümmern und es gibt einen technischen Support. Deine Beiträge können
außerdem über Social Media-Accounts der Plattform beworben werden und die hat einige
Tausend Follower auf Facebook, X und Mastodon. Deine Inhalte bleiben außerdem
langfristig sichtbar und erreichbar, auch wenn das Blogprojekt beendet ist. Alle Beiträge
haben eine stabile URL. Wenn dein Blog klar definierte Kriterien erfüllt, kannst Du sogar
eine ISSN erhalten („Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke“). Die
bekommen sonst Zeitschriften und Schriftenreihen. Damit ist dein Blog dann auch über
wissenschaftliche Literaturdatenbanken auffindbar.
Ich nutze mein Blog „Der Siebenjährige Krieg“, um meine Forschungen zu begleiten und
Hinweise auf Publikationen und Veranstaltungen zu posten. Außerdem habe vor kurzem
noch ein zweites Blogprojekt angefangen, „Hellweg-Armageddon. Der Erste Weltkrieg in
Unna“. Es dient vorallem dazu historische Quellen zugänglich zu machen. Derzeit gibt es
dort eine Auswahl von Zeitungsartikeln zum Jahr 1918, die bisher als Volltext noch nicht
digitalisiert waren [13]. Du siehst also, Hypotheses-Blogs sind auf ganz unterschiedliche
Weisen nutzbar. Das einzige was nicht geht, sind Blogs zu deiner Person. Du musst ein klar
umrissenes Thema haben. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjajXuuFwzF0WvVFKXd0kaUoUrD7OUPHLf_FidjfbRSMKYvxbVpe2H8CMLpfeKN4W6vjm9JJy1jchAjsFj8TDtzYrJLPIQ4gIE-YzLpCasx2c48MMB7-OlSPKHaIrX2TDy5wgxj36s2J6qGEsTQJNy7Vl0XAwop97_4cDgZoHhG5VWNikxUEVR4llh22ww/s1471/Screenshot%202023-10-18%20at%2015-33-00%20Alba%20Carolina%20_%20Ordensleute%20F%C3%BCsiliere%20und%20alte%20R%C3%B6mer%20in%20einer%20Festungsstadt%20des%20Habsburgerreiches.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="954" data-original-width="1471" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjajXuuFwzF0WvVFKXd0kaUoUrD7OUPHLf_FidjfbRSMKYvxbVpe2H8CMLpfeKN4W6vjm9JJy1jchAjsFj8TDtzYrJLPIQ4gIE-YzLpCasx2c48MMB7-OlSPKHaIrX2TDy5wgxj36s2J6qGEsTQJNy7Vl0XAwop97_4cDgZoHhG5VWNikxUEVR4llh22ww/s320/Screenshot%202023-10-18%20at%2015-33-00%20Alba%20Carolina%20_%20Ordensleute%20F%C3%BCsiliere%20und%20alte%20R%C3%B6mer%20in%20einer%20Festungsstadt%20des%20Habsburgerreiches.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Leonard Dorns Blog auf Hypotheses. - <i>Leonard Dorn's blog on Hypotheses.</i> (Foto: Leonard Dorn, CC BY-SA 4.0)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">9 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> </span></i><span style="text-align: left;"><i>I don't
want to forget to refer to your own blog entries on Hypotheses. For example,
you wrote about the Habsburg fortress Karlsburg in present-day Romania [13].
Would you like to say something about the advantages of this form of blogging?</i></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> </span></i><span style="text-align: left;"><i>Many of
your readers probably don't know Hypotheses yet, so here's the short
explanation: It's a scientific blogging platform based on WordPress. The
languages are English, French, German and Spanish. To use it, you have to be a
scientist and submit a small application. </i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"><i>You can only use the platform if you
work in an academic institution. This is to ensure the quality of the content.
In return you get a lot of services, for example you don't have to worry about
WordPress updates and there is technical support. Your posts can also be
promoted through the platform's social media accounts, which have thousands of
followers on Facebook, X and Mastodon. Your content remains visible and
accessible long after the blog project is complete. All posts have a persistent
URL. If your blog meets clearly defined criteria, you can even get an ISSN
(International Standard Serial Number). Otherwise journals and publication
series get this. This means that your blog can be found in scholarly literature
databases. I use my blog "The Seven Years' War" to accompany my
research and to post information about publications and events. I have also
recently started a second blog project, "Hellweg-Armageddon. The First
World War in Unna". Its main purpose is to make historical sources
accessible. Currently, there is a selection of newspaper articles from 1918
that have not yet been digitized in full text [13]. As you can see, hypothesis
blogs can be used in many different ways. The only thing that doesn't work is
blogging about yourself. You need to have a clearly defined topic.</i></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBlHHSwCqPIiUf9T6IMVF_li0YZJl1kv5X1PJSmIW8dR1zq7mNbU6goLDm-pC4UFK3XW6-5iM2IUMECDzm8ZS0_LHgg_713LLAf_pXqLlY6qPs8DLoX6jFPRP7ogNM-B5i1_utO2HPOLugGsRPSUizBgsn1DNcy1Y9ugfxWydGLUHFwrLslPRu_JSYchk/s1471/Screenshot%202023-10-18%20at%2015-31-50%20Hellweg-Armageddon%20_%20Der%20Erste%20Weltkrieg%20in%20Unna.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="954" data-original-width="1471" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBlHHSwCqPIiUf9T6IMVF_li0YZJl1kv5X1PJSmIW8dR1zq7mNbU6goLDm-pC4UFK3XW6-5iM2IUMECDzm8ZS0_LHgg_713LLAf_pXqLlY6qPs8DLoX6jFPRP7ogNM-B5i1_utO2HPOLugGsRPSUizBgsn1DNcy1Y9ugfxWydGLUHFwrLslPRu_JSYchk/w400-h260/Screenshot%202023-10-18%20at%2015-31-50%20Hellweg-Armageddon%20_%20Der%20Erste%20Weltkrieg%20in%20Unna.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ein Blick in Hypotheses. - <i>A view into the Hypotheses-blog.</i> (Foto: Leonard Dorn, CC BY-SA 4.0)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">10 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> Du arbeitest ja an Deiner Doktorarbeit. Bleibt da noch viel Zeit für Themen neben den
akademischen Betrieb? Gibt es eine Facette des 18. Jahrhunderts, die Dir unter den Nägeln brennt
und zu der Du mehr recherchieren würdest? </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Leonard Dorn: </b>So viel Zeit bleibt mir daneben nicht. Vielen, die im Bereich Geschichtswissenschaft
arbeiten, geht es ähnlich. Das ist für mich auch eine überzeugende Erklärung, warum nur
wenige Historiker:innen neben der Arbeit aktiv Living History betreiben.
Für eine Karriere im Wissenschaftssystem muss man sehr viel Leistung bringen und die
eigene Forschung an den ungeschriebenen Regeln des Wissenschaftsbetriebs orientieren.
Du solltest in der Habilitationsschrift zum Beispiel einen anderen Zeitraum als vorher in der
Doktorarbeit untersuchen, etwa in meinem Fall ein im 16. oder 17. Jahrhundert
angesiedeltes Thema. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Im französischen Wissenschaftssystem ist es hingegen leichter
möglich, sich stark auf ein Jahrhundert zu spezialisieren.
Wenn ich die Möglichkeit hätte, würde ich gerne den Nachlass des französischen
Intendanten François-Marie Gayot auswerten, der in der Bibliothèque Stanislas in Nancy
aufbewahrt wird. Als Itendant spielte Gayot bei den Feldzügen der französischen Armee im
Alten Reich während des Siebenjährigen Krieges eine zentrale Rolle. Über diesen
Quellenbestand habe ich schon öfter in der Forschungsliteratur gelesen und ich wüsste
gerne, was sich darin alles findet. Ansonsten finde ich es immer spannend, in Archiven und
Bibliotheken unbeachtete Selbstzeugnisse, also Chroniken und Tagebücher, zu entdecken.
Vielen Dank für das Interview.
Gerne!
André </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3GQzMVErlPat9BHSjcin9NlI2zGaWKRdmXUFIYa33aR7SDz4y_1hWu7jfLuwblN2rUUqVyuigRArWPXigOuTSOqetF3iN2dMsR1YfGWaVvCHS9qpLteZvjDu6-300ce_DpDqaSst0VkSIa4NPESCQ4X8Lq4XOT4qFHmQXSqHm2TQuNqishflNGzk88ko/s3264/Scey%20Mezieres%202021.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3GQzMVErlPat9BHSjcin9NlI2zGaWKRdmXUFIYa33aR7SDz4y_1hWu7jfLuwblN2rUUqVyuigRArWPXigOuTSOqetF3iN2dMsR1YfGWaVvCHS9qpLteZvjDu6-300ce_DpDqaSst0VkSIa4NPESCQ4X8Lq4XOT4qFHmQXSqHm2TQuNqishflNGzk88ko/s320/Scey%20Mezieres%202021.JPG" width="240" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Auf einer unserer privaten Veranstaltungen in Scey-Maisières. Weiter unterhalb befindet sich der Fluss Loue. Die Landschaft ist herrlich. - <i>On one of our private events in Scey-Maissières. There is the river Loue. The landscape is wonderful.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><br /></span></i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><br /></span></i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">10 - <b>André Hanselmann:</b> </span></i><span style="text-align: left;"><i>You are
working on your doctoral thesis. Is there still a lot of time left for topics
besides academic work? Is there a facet of the 18th century that you are
passionate about and would like to explore more?</i></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><b>Leonard Dorn:</b> </span></i><span style="text-align: left;"><i>I don't
have that much time left. Many people who work in history feel the same way. To
me, this is a convincing explanation for why so few historians actively pursue
living history in addition to their work. To have a career in the scientific
system, you have to achieve a lot and base your research on the unwritten rules
of academia. For example, you have to study a different period in your habilitation
than in your doctoral thesis, in my case a topic from the 16th or 17th century. </i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"><i>In the French scientific system, however, it is easier to specialize in one
century. If I had the chance, I would like to study the papers of
François-Marie Gayot, quartermaster general of the French army, which are kept
at the Bibliothèque Stanislas in Nancy. As an intendant, Gayot played a central
role in the campaigns of the French army in the Old Kingdom during the Seven
Years' War. I have often read about this set of sources in the research
literature and I would like to know what can be found in it. Otherwise, I
always find it exciting to discover neglected personal testimonies, i.e.
chronicles and diaries, in archives and libraries. Thank you for this
interview. With pleasure! André!</i></span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann, Leonard Dorn</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b> </b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Fotos: Leonard Dorn, Claudia Behnke</b><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Notizen / <i>Notes: </i><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">1) Hinrich Behr (Hrsg.): „Die Altländer Noten- und Tourenbücher von 1791 und 1792“ Publikationen
der Kulturstiftung Altes Land, Bd. 4, Husum-Verlag, 2009 </div><div style="text-align: justify;">2) Leonard Dorn: "Regimentskultur und Netzwerk. Dietrich Goswin von Bockum-Dolffs und das
Kürassier-Regiment No. 1 in Breslau 1788-1805" (Vereinigte Westfälische Adelsarchive e.V.,
Veröffentlichung 20), Münster 2016 </div><div style="text-align: justify;">3) Leonard Dorn: Vier biographische Studien aus der Grafschaft Mark während der napoleonischen
Herrschaft. Gisbert von Romberg, Barthold von Rappard, Ludwig Freiherr Vincke und Florens von
Bockum-Dolffs, in: Eckhard Trox/Susanne Conzen (Hg.): Wider Napoleon! Die Geburtsstunde von
Demokratie, Emanzipationsbewegung und nationaler Bewegung in der Grafschaft Mark (1813 –
1815) (Forschungen zur Geschichte Preußens im südlichen Westfalen 9), Lüdenscheid 2013, S. 113-
145. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">4) Unser Interview mit dem Aachener Historiker Günter Schneider/ <i>our interview with the historian
Günter Schneider</i>: https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2020/03/historiker-von-nebenan-
mit-gunter.html </div><div style="text-align: justify;">5) https://www.maxweberstiftung.de/themenportal/unser-netzwerk/leonard-dorn.html</div><div style="text-align: justify;">6) https://www.kronoskaf.com/syw/index.php?title=Main_Page </div><div style="text-align: justify;">7) http://kronoskaf.com/wss/index.php?title=Main_Page </div><div style="text-align: justify;">8) https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2023/04/les-trois-mousquetaires-dartagnan-
2023.html </div><div style="text-align: justify;">9) Nikolaus Stein von Kamienski (Regie) : "Louis van Beethoven" D 2020, TV-Film</div><div style="text-align: justify;">10) https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2019/10/the-siege-of-freiburg-in-1744-part-1.html </div><div style="text-align: justify;">11) https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2021/02/schlacht-bei-freiburg-1644-teil-1.html </div><div style="text-align: justify;">12) So in meiner Rolle als Amtmann Sanwald in der Untersuchung des Übergriffes auf die Rote
Steige: https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2016/01/anno-domini-1749-
landfriedensbruch-der.html </div><div style="text-align: justify;">13) Hier z.B.: Leonard Dorn: Alba Carolina – Ordensleute, Füsiliere und alte Römer in einer
Festungsstadt des Habsburgerreiches, in: Der Siebenjährige Krieg, https://dsk.hypotheses.org/1244,
30.03.2023. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">14) Hellweg-Armageddon. Der Erste Weltkrieg in Unna, hg. von Leonard Dorn,
https://unna1914.hypotheses.org/.</div>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-59445999187442568022024-01-31T05:41:00.000-08:002024-01-31T05:41:02.038-08:00My first infantry of the project<p style="text-align: justify;"><i>After a few weeks of preparation, my first infantry battalion is ready.<span style="background-color: white;"> It is the Müffling regiment (IR 26). <span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;">Hans Bleckwenn highlights the uniform of this unit because it has white lapels and lining on the skirt and the only "distinction" is blue underwear [1]. I also find it remarkable that the large cuffs (not found on the HäT figures as they are for the SYW) have no buttons at all.</span></span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; font-size: 28px; text-align: left;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMk7tc-PJ6HFO6MA-tI-dUXNhvwz49OrbdRqqsyCBceK1ZWhpqXaI-NPnC_WSug_yBz_pWA5VD0R1w-m75Uhqp3yBJw0lif9_GkDocDDO8ZPQCHdhRFbYl7CtDaZ1lKskLTiN7GuDBjOc-aYZfRI34sBF2HJYvCf_Pr9jSeNkwseEuzennpbOib-XQH4Y/s2048/M%C3%BCffling%201%202.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMk7tc-PJ6HFO6MA-tI-dUXNhvwz49OrbdRqqsyCBceK1ZWhpqXaI-NPnC_WSug_yBz_pWA5VD0R1w-m75Uhqp3yBJw0lif9_GkDocDDO8ZPQCHdhRFbYl7CtDaZ1lKskLTiN7GuDBjOc-aYZfRI34sBF2HJYvCf_Pr9jSeNkwseEuzennpbOib-XQH4Y/s320/M%C3%BCffling%201%202.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The uniform was changed some years later to a more ordinary style. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024) </i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><i><br /></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>The regiment had been under Baron Heinrich Ferdinand von Müffling since 1724 [2]. Before the final peace agreement was reached in 1738 [3], the owner of the regiment died in 1737 and the regiment was taken over by Grüne. It then served in the Austrian War of Succession at the eastern theater of war in Silesia.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUO1P5TDUl41Xoo2OiLFoZfocx5JurRBettbCv0BI-61blR0l74UoNRH9RiJXetK5PaampVwz2lLfBPr1YCGKqNjiSAher3BxFGL5wqeBj9YgsSDT9ne-9lhAw8S2DOvCPcMjFTAtmfpZ5BCuE2_KC3sf1DhoI6o9XIKWLR4OYo78Ws9wyQsezRC2cLQo/s2048/M%C3%BCffling%201%201.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUO1P5TDUl41Xoo2OiLFoZfocx5JurRBettbCv0BI-61blR0l74UoNRH9RiJXetK5PaampVwz2lLfBPr1YCGKqNjiSAher3BxFGL5wqeBj9YgsSDT9ne-9lhAw8S2DOvCPcMjFTAtmfpZ5BCuE2_KC3sf1DhoI6o9XIKWLR4OYo78Ws9wyQsezRC2cLQo/s320/M%C3%BCffling%201%201.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The figures by HäT have too modern uniforms - but there are no correct figures for the WPS on the market. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><i><br /></i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>The uniform of the drummers is quite speculative. As a flag I used a "Leibfahne" that cannot be assigned to an infantry regiment and was created by David Morfitt [4].</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGPB3JFqeuLRJoDEcmqbFEJaTz58fzeaGZ7aHdRwoGkN4rjUnStCxgvoXVW-3kYeKktdTiIcKkakpNAdQ7wmK_jfVUWRJms9wY-ZU-e1o7FFsZl9n7PemC5tDlpkvuO437ItjOVB-LRBwygI3cCuylLYqcEqrnuuKBjdVJFX2_S9ouAQF4biBgsKw3qI4/s2048/M%C3%BCffling%201%203.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGPB3JFqeuLRJoDEcmqbFEJaTz58fzeaGZ7aHdRwoGkN4rjUnStCxgvoXVW-3kYeKktdTiIcKkakpNAdQ7wmK_jfVUWRJms9wY-ZU-e1o7FFsZl9n7PemC5tDlpkvuO437ItjOVB-LRBwygI3cCuylLYqcEqrnuuKBjdVJFX2_S9ouAQF4biBgsKw3qI4/s320/M%C3%BCffling%201%203.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>I do like the pose of the officers of the fusiliers in the set produced by HäT. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><i><br /></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>Next month's topic will be an interview with a historian from Paris and we'll be looking at the year 1624. But of course we'll also stay on the ball with our current project. However, we're mainly busy preparing for this year's Landleben 1624 event in Wackershofen.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgluTdxGX6fJnaD-lGh_IjRMt2IegGlKBOtCYjyCnavodL6y5XxtG4XSp9dl5fcfpn6v0wRpPwjKaQWHNuPOkazHD7s34TWKYRcn7yB4ckwHjtXK9IZCBUFJd5mBDXKIqbvGh0ZGvumnc1Beowxr7mLpFuhOAwLDAM56HDlaU-2nEGsoFyoHi82eZCHZX0/s2048/M%C3%BCffling%201%204.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgluTdxGX6fJnaD-lGh_IjRMt2IegGlKBOtCYjyCnavodL6y5XxtG4XSp9dl5fcfpn6v0wRpPwjKaQWHNuPOkazHD7s34TWKYRcn7yB4ckwHjtXK9IZCBUFJd5mBDXKIqbvGh0ZGvumnc1Beowxr7mLpFuhOAwLDAM56HDlaU-2nEGsoFyoHi82eZCHZX0/s320/M%C3%BCffling%201%204.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Maybe I will paint a second bn. with the regimental flag. (photo: A. Hanselmann, 2024)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><i><br /></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i><b>Photos: André Hanselmann</b></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><i>Notes:</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="background-color: white;">1) </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;">Hans Bleckwenn: "Reiter, Husaren und Grenadiere" Hardenberg Kommunikation, Dortmund, 1979, p. 33</span></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><i>2) On kronoskaf he is named "Müfling". Baron H. F. von Müffling lived from ca. 1665 to 1737.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><i>3) The peace treaty of Vienna on November 18th 1738.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><i>4) As always recommended: </i></span></span><span style="text-align: left;">https://nba-sywtemplates.blogspot.com/ </span></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-23049289625259188032024-01-29T01:04:00.000-08:002024-01-29T01:04:00.970-08:00Austrian cuirassiers for the WPS<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>The proportion of heavy cavalry in the Austrian army in Italy was very high. This can be seen, for example, in the very detailed breakdown at Gerba [1]. That's why I decided to set up at least one new regiment. What is significant about the Austrian cuirassiers is that all regiments have practically the same uniforms. Red cuffs and skirts on white coats.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i></i></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7canFkKJoARtdG6XKK8GlOl_KUM5Yg4ZOwMqCkOx2js4o9sKYIkRTmCmyAJMatXjjx5rWrBt2y5M_EM-rgkJCFyFQyNGWrRtwAfgyzY_duMcygbN45m6dXbpGju23pyl-rzURFzcquKtMxg8nP_4F9OVCKaTj1JnajwE9VVeQHKfgxz1PIlzHYCfutmo/s2048/IMG_1112.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7canFkKJoARtdG6XKK8GlOl_KUM5Yg4ZOwMqCkOx2js4o9sKYIkRTmCmyAJMatXjjx5rWrBt2y5M_EM-rgkJCFyFQyNGWrRtwAfgyzY_duMcygbN45m6dXbpGju23pyl-rzURFzcquKtMxg8nP_4F9OVCKaTj1JnajwE9VVeQHKfgxz1PIlzHYCfutmo/w400-h300/IMG_1112.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The figures originaly are Dutch cuirassiers of the War of the Spanish Succession by Strelets. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><br /> </i></span></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>I chose the Young Savoy Regiment because of its easy-to-paint symbolism. It is characterized by the white crosses on a red background. Hans Bleckwenn runs it as the K2 Cuirassier Regiment [2]. In 1734/35 it served on the Rhine and was depicted by Gudenus in 1734. Philipp Franz von Gudenus (1710-1783) only represented the elite soldiers of the army regiments under Prince Eugene of Savoy. So the cuirassiers, as Bleckwenn called them, were actually carabiniers. A little over a decade later, David Morier (1705-1770) painted the Austrian carabiniers without the trim on their hats [3]. Both Morier and Gudenus have oak leaves on the brim of their hats. Just like with my infantry, I decided to paint a few more heavy riders to recreate larger battles of the War of the Polish Succession.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><br /></i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i></i></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJifyp73tPytV663axwHwgXffhuRtfen-ZF3UY06AEjaZ1IghpeG7OMkOw9jKlvFGNgWw383mFoEkBJvXFdCAChZuWN-yXslN_5J5V0Mn1NWUcESQPcd-qg9dXfLl-mnijQWQCkn3qpS3TV_FtcxT6XQgqH49IvUqCeCiIiGibp5ejAoCu-yXSmSOZM5M/s2048/IMG_1113.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJifyp73tPytV663axwHwgXffhuRtfen-ZF3UY06AEjaZ1IghpeG7OMkOw9jKlvFGNgWw383mFoEkBJvXFdCAChZuWN-yXslN_5J5V0Mn1NWUcESQPcd-qg9dXfLl-mnijQWQCkn3qpS3TV_FtcxT6XQgqH49IvUqCeCiIiGibp5ejAoCu-yXSmSOZM5M/w400-h300/IMG_1113.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The cuffs are different from the Austrian style of the 1730s as it is depicted by Gudenus. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><br /> </i></span></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>Unfortunately, I don't know of any standards of the regiment from that period. That's why I simply chose a standard that David Morfitt from Not by Appointment [4] drew and which cannot be assigned to a specific cavalry regiment.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i><b>Photo: André Hanselmann</b></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>Notes:</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;">1) The army was 58.000 men strong. 11.750 of them were cavalry, 1.100 of them were Carabiniers and horse grenadiers. </span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white;">Raimund Gerba: "Feldzüge des Prinzen Eugen" Verlag des K. u. K. Kriegsarchivs, Wien, 1891,</span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"> p. 309-310</span></span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;">2) For Gudenus picture of the carabiniers look here: </span><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #202124;">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K.u.k._Dragonerregiment_%E2%80%9EGraf_Montecuccoli%E2%80%9C_Nr._8</span></span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #202124;">3) For example Hohenzollern-Hechingen cuirassiers, check the Royal Collection: </span></span><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #202124;">https://www.rct.uk/collection/404242/private-1st-regiment-of-cuirassiers-hohenzollern-hechingen</span></span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #202124;">4) Excellent standards and flags! See here: </span></span><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #202124;">https://nba-sywtemplates.blogspot.com/</span></span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></span></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-27063492596932167752024-01-27T02:51:00.000-08:002024-01-27T02:51:06.537-08:00Austrian units for the WPS<p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Building up my initial army for the WAS I used the paintings by David Morier [1]. I have to say, that I just prefer contemporary pictures as a source for painting, although for example Morier shows grenadiers only. My first idea was to paint all the regiments which were present at the siege of Freiburg under the command of FZM Damnitz [2]. Besides I tried to find units which fought in as many battles as possible for example at Dettingen and Rocoux [3].</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqXLh30rezH2Dm23y2kZ0TljyfPuzJR2MR-XQJnF3wwDMAJLlEb2Ew_s6fvcbw6YhZyozJFaw2DJK32z31pqBk4c73uIzZJqS4UXQuX7xbF2YoIQFyH1C0qdF5xDgI5RGaK3PmdYwISb1SjC0hTRDvPo248LgegzykLL3zIGp93SIEryNNPh6ihZ5P-dE/s2048/IMG_1111.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqXLh30rezH2Dm23y2kZ0TljyfPuzJR2MR-XQJnF3wwDMAJLlEb2Ew_s6fvcbw6YhZyozJFaw2DJK32z31pqBk4c73uIzZJqS4UXQuX7xbF2YoIQFyH1C0qdF5xDgI5RGaK3PmdYwISb1SjC0hTRDvPo248LgegzykLL3zIGp93SIEryNNPh6ihZ5P-dE/s320/IMG_1111.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>A new general for my Austrians before the final steps. I used the officer from the French Musketeers set by Strelets [4]. The pattern of the uniform might not be correct. But paintings of less famous Austrian generals are really rare and hard to find. It seems to me that generals still could wear nearly what they chose although a coat similar the uniform of their own regiment was typical for the period. We even find sometimes generals in red uniforms. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)</i></td></tr></tbody></table></i></p><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Meanwhile I changed my focus towards the War of the Polish Succession. The Austrians there fought alone against the French and Piedmont armies and therefore I need some more units. None of them will be needed for my WAS-battles. My favorite source is Gudenus. I use the book by Hans Bleckwenn [5]. There are grenadiers only but all details are very nice. You may argue, that these regiments had little action in battle during the war [6]. That's true. But I don't know a better fitting source. I tried to chose the regiments with uniforms which fit with the pattern of my figures by the HäT-company, which were produced for the Seven Years war. Therefore I have chosen: Walsegg, Müffling, Hessen-Kassel and Jung-Württemberg (duke Ludwig).<br /></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i> </i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Photo: André Hanselmann </b><i> </i><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Notes:<br /></p><p>1) I can recommend the homepage of the Royal Collection.</p><p>2) See here for more informations: https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2019/10/the-siege-of-freiburg-in-1744-part-1.html</p><p>3) I just searched on the kronoskaf homepage for the history of the regiments.<br /></p><p>4) French Guards Musketeers (WSS) Strelets-R 24272</p><p>5) Hans Bleckwenn: "Reiter, Husaren und Grenadiere" Hardenberg Kommunikation, Dortmund, 1979</p><p>6) Gudenus saw the Imperial army at Heilbronn which fought only at Klausen in 1735. <br /></p><br />Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-35835967361392578162024-01-25T01:27:00.000-08:002024-01-25T01:27:49.397-08:00Recalculations<p style="text-align: justify;"><i>When I opened the boxes I had to realize, that 4 out of 12 figures of the soldiers are grenadiers. But I have already more then enough of grenadier companies for most battles. On top of that I changed my plans slightly. Normaly I have 5 bases of fusiliers and 1 of grenadiers per bn. [1]. With some liberties mixing some of the grenadiers on the bases and using more NCOs than needed I maybe can get 5 bases per bn.. But time is running fast and I will have to coorganize at least one major event before the anniversary-tabletop battle. Therefore I decided to not paint 5 bases per unit but 4. 4 bases are not looking really good but provide more room to move around the units on the tabletop. Besides 4 bases are standard size for most of my games. But I suppose to later paint the other 4 bases in total.</i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg38vJk4TM0MB7S1LGWhJFmjxavgkalufZv6mIWa_5dV16CoH0g6BmMAljWKRkFBxEei5VPbIdIqwMGHwVNx3wciY3wASEx41EDPXps9d9KmnnvFenVWDQ4rbP0ikxdrdyzGR0102IMYG0IRmXW07tYe7CAEVdPXD4R5XhAyu4u2Mkaid0CZ-RYN8H8p-E/s2048/IMG_1110.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg38vJk4TM0MB7S1LGWhJFmjxavgkalufZv6mIWa_5dV16CoH0g6BmMAljWKRkFBxEei5VPbIdIqwMGHwVNx3wciY3wASEx41EDPXps9d9KmnnvFenVWDQ4rbP0ikxdrdyzGR0102IMYG0IRmXW07tYe7CAEVdPXD4R5XhAyu4u2Mkaid0CZ-RYN8H8p-E/s320/IMG_1110.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>4 bn.s of 4 bases each. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2024)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Next step will be to decide which units I will paint. </i><br /></p><p><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p><b>Photo: André Hanselmann</b></p><p><b><br /></b></p><p>Notes: </p><p>1) look here for my Austrian army: https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2020/04/die-osterreichische-armee-1744-austrian.html<br /></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-11411384274690431852024-01-23T04:59:00.000-08:002024-01-23T04:59:40.587-08:00Work in progress<p style="text-align: justify;"><i> For myself it will be a project of epic proportions. For better and faster painters it would be no problem.</i></p><p><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtqStNRte18vWFDgDqvFQoGtdD0diK6Wp-rpegKXJDkl6U1PfpcvBsg9jN45Xd3CRiZKTFMVVug4D6UXpwAHE5Xzzlgn_Yj8NMfUv251p9PqbrDnJQI16kFWXrxGFI8Lgvw8LMnKGdWkFGTSHhWf3KYm-L-CBjcPrZAN7wwIK_XmYl89bFag7tqH8RGww/s2048/IMG_1109.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtqStNRte18vWFDgDqvFQoGtdD0diK6Wp-rpegKXJDkl6U1PfpcvBsg9jN45Xd3CRiZKTFMVVug4D6UXpwAHE5Xzzlgn_Yj8NMfUv251p9PqbrDnJQI16kFWXrxGFI8Lgvw8LMnKGdWkFGTSHhWf3KYm-L-CBjcPrZAN7wwIK_XmYl89bFag7tqH8RGww/s320/IMG_1109.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">On my table to paint.<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>It's a challenge to complete many units in some months for bigger scenarios of battles and to do more research to write about the War of the Polish Succession. Maybe this will become a series about my steps forward to have enough troops for the larger battles of the conflict. Maybe not - it depends on my free time.</i></p><p>Cheers!</p><p><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p><b>Photo: André Hanselmann</b><br /></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-22627748567266391732024-01-15T05:55:00.000-08:002024-01-15T05:55:19.482-08:00Schwäbisch Hall im Krieg / in war 1734 P 2<p style="text-align: justify;">Diesmal soll es um das große <b>Lazarett</b> in der Reichsstadt Schwäbisch Hall gehen, das im Zuge des Polnischen Thronfolgekrieges eingerichtet wurde.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>This time it will be about the large <b>military</b> <b>hospital</b> in the imperial city of Schwäbisch Hall, which was set up in the course of the War of the Polish Succession.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Von
der großen in Heibronn lagernden Armee wurden zahlreiche Kranke im
September 1734 nach Hall geschafft. Doch wie kam es dazu? Die Tage vor
der Ankunft der Kranken waren durch emsige Betriebsamkeit im Rat
gekennzeichnet. Nachdem man von dem Vorhaben erfahren hatte das
"Oppenauer Feld-Hospithal" nach Hall zu verlegen, wurde der Amtmann
Bötzen dem Kriegskomissar Leitzen entgegen geschickt um diesen daran zu
hindern sogleich den Transport der Kranken zu veranlassen. Stattdessen
sollte Leitzen zuerst die in Frage kommenden Gebäude in Augenschein
nehmen. Der Magistrat der Reichsstadt bestimmte eine Komission, welche
sich die beiden Armenhäuser, die Kaserne und andere Häuser untersuchen
sollte. Fachliches Urteil konnte man von den beiden Baudeputierten und
dem Spitalpfleger erwarten. Prinz Eugen hatte neben einigen Schreiben
auch einen Juden namens Le Badro geschickt, der für das Brot der Kranken
sorgen sollte [1]. Die Absicht des Haller Magistrats wurde allerdings
vereitelt, da bereits der Transport bestellt gewesen sei wie Bötzen im Gespräch mit Leitzen in Heilbronn erfuhr. Die erste
Etappe sollte von der Kurpfalz, die zweite von der Ritterschaft und die
letzte von den Hohenlohern und Hall selbst bewerkstelligt werden. Hall sollte 50
Ochsen als Zugtiere stellen. Dies konnte Bötzen gegen Zahlung von 600
Gulden abwenden. Man kann hier vermuten, dass für die Stadt organisatorisch unmöglich war 50 Ochsen aufzutreiben, da im Jahr 1732 eine Viehseuche auf dem Land grassiert hatte [2]. Der erste Transport bestand in nicht weniger als 195
"Wägen". Bötzen schätzte in seinem Schreiben aus Heilbronn die Zahl der
kranken Personen sogar auf 2.200(!) [3]. Die von Bötzen berichteten Schanzarbeiten in Heilbronn von 1734 sind in den letzten Jahren auch archäologisch untersucht worden [4].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>Numerous sick people from the large army camped in Heibronn were brought to Hall in September 1734. But how did it happen? The days before the arrival of the sick were marked by busy activity in the council. After learning of the plan to move the "Oppenauer Feld-Hospital" (Oppenau field hospital) to Hall, bailiff Bötzen was sent to meet War Commissioner Leitzen in order to prevent him from immediately arranging for the patients to be transported. Instead, Leitzen should first examine the buildings in question. The magistrate of the imperial city appointed a commission to examine the two almshouses, the barracks and other houses. One could expect professional judgment from the two construction deputies and the hospital nurse. In addition to a few letters, Prince Eugene had also sent a Jew named Le Badro to provide bread for the sick [1]. However, the Hall magistrate's intention was thwarted because the transport had already been ordered, as Bötzen learned in a conversation with Leitzen in Heilbronn. The first stage was to be accomplished by the Electoral Palatinate, the second by the knighthood and the last by Hall himself. Hall was supposed to provide 50 oxen as draft animals. Bötzen was able to avert this by paying 600 guilders. One can assume that it was organizationally impossible for the city to find 50 oxen because a cattle epidemic was rampant in the countryside in 1732 [2]. The first transport consisted of no fewer than 195 “wagons”. In his letter from Heilbronn, Bötzen even estimated the number of sick people at 2,200(!) [3]. The entrenchments in Heilbronn from 1734 reported by Bötzen have also been archaeologically examined in recent years [4].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3Zm548vxeY7SVKoyfhSW-aIS-JRWeaNg0unKATW-toJljvdjn5ioit6HPtnfTIpOZpDO3Jyc3PMohSQb1mN5yDudaNJtW7HfrPQhqQh3-r6kNfQDI3Ou1OdW5GcKxqH_aPr-lzzYCpEgVeb8EsaMln3ZHctH8FRA6-KbDtrM2VGn2kWSOpRuOwg2TXwg/s4842/DSC02767_ShiftN.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3355" data-original-width="4842" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3Zm548vxeY7SVKoyfhSW-aIS-JRWeaNg0unKATW-toJljvdjn5ioit6HPtnfTIpOZpDO3Jyc3PMohSQb1mN5yDudaNJtW7HfrPQhqQh3-r6kNfQDI3Ou1OdW5GcKxqH_aPr-lzzYCpEgVeb8EsaMln3ZHctH8FRA6-KbDtrM2VGn2kWSOpRuOwg2TXwg/w400-h278/DSC02767_ShiftN.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die Comburg heute. 1734 Sitz eines Adeligen Riterstifts. - <i>The Comburg today. In 1734 it was the residence of a noble Ritterstift. (photo: Michael Leyendecker)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bemerkenswert ist eine Episode vom 6. September 1734. Als der Kriegskomissar die Stadt geführt von einer Ratsdeputation besichtigte um die Tauglichkeit der Bauwerke für die Unterbringung der Kranken zu bewerten, ging er auch nach Comburg. Dort fragte er an, ob er nicht das Spital des Ritterstifts besichtigen durfte. Aber ein Vertreter des Stiftes entgegnete zu Leitzen, ob er dazu irgendeine Ordre von seinem Vorgesetzten habe, die Leitzen aber nicht vorweisen konnte, weshalb ihm die Bitte recht unhöflich abgeschlagen wurde. Leitzen wurde davon überzeugt, dass man einen Teil der Kranken auch auf den Dörfern zwischen Übrigshausen [5] und Münkheim verteilen könnte, wenn die vorgesehenen Gebäude in Hall nicht ausreichten [6]. Seltsamerweise wurde im Rat mehrfach debattiert in welche Häuser man die Offiziere und Unteroffiziere legen würde - wohl da man sie mit den gewöhnlichen Soldaten nicht zusammen einquartieren konnte [7]. Viel schlimmer war aber scheinbar die Situation am 7. September, als der 2. Transport bereits ankam und die Hälfte der Kranken unter freiem Himmel in Unterlimpurg "liegen geblieben". Diese Kranken sollten mit einer "Diät" von "Brodt u[nd] Fleischbruch" versehen werden. Die Offiziere rieten dazu diese Kranken nicht über eine Stunde Weges von Hall entfernt auf dem Land unterzubringen. Ein Problem war der Mangel an Stroh auf welche man die armen Kranken betten musste. Vom Hospital-Pfleger Ludwig wurden 200 "Büschel" Stroh aus dem Teuershof angeboten. Der Rat beschloss 1.000 Büschel Stroh und 50 Zentner Heu ins Amt Schlicht zu liefern. Den Bauern sollte befohlen werden in allen Ämtern das Getreide zu dreschen um Stroh zu gewinnen. Das Problem mit den nicht einquartierten Kranken sollte rasch behoben werden wozu man die Werkhäuser, Ziegelhütte und weitere Gebäude herrichten wollte. Die Verteilung der übrigen Kranken ins Amt in der Schlicht sollte von Amtmann Bötzen übernommen werden. Von den Offizieren und Chirurgen für das Lazarett begehrte man vom berühmten Prinz Eugen, dem "General Nesselrod" [8] und dem Herzog von Württemberg sowie Bevern [9] Attestate. Einen Ratsherr Schaffner, den Ratsconsulent Dr. Arnold und den Amtmann Wibel, so Arnold unabkömmlich sein sollte, wollte man zum Oberkommando schicken um mit diesem über das Lazarett zu verhandeln. Die Stadt hat mit einem Juden namens Lemle am 8. September wegen 1.000 Scheffel Hafer gesprochen. Doch hielt man 2 Gulden (wohl pro Scheffel) für recht teuer und wollte sich in der "Nachbarschafft" erkundigen, ob man woanders her nicht günstiger versorgt werden konnte. Passenderweise und als ob der Probleme nicht genug waren, hat der Pfleger Herr Stier anfragen lassen, ob der Rat von Hall für das Futter der Pferde der Offiziere im Lazarett aufkommen wolle und deren Holz ebenfalls bezahlen würde. Gezwungenermaßen beschloss man auch das noch zu liefern, hoffte aber dafür vom Oberkommando der Armee entschädigt zu werden [10].</p><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGBIS8WtjLLlvjEOnkwnTrgt_c-qL8eOzZrrGQK8hnF0RkatEWIrsNdv7vY3n3tgaNYkL-K9PgZaatnllgmO1prPR0IG9DZ_PRbWXePyBzpuV42PwGN_lWXwdqdT7iecG5jBkQyBJSWjzqvmGmSN7g2IuKHBRkz7Ic7uWkYJplFo3KGmaxZGrWjG73exc/s3421/Karte%20Lazarett.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2390" data-original-width="3421" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGBIS8WtjLLlvjEOnkwnTrgt_c-qL8eOzZrrGQK8hnF0RkatEWIrsNdv7vY3n3tgaNYkL-K9PgZaatnllgmO1prPR0IG9DZ_PRbWXePyBzpuV42PwGN_lWXwdqdT7iecG5jBkQyBJSWjzqvmGmSN7g2IuKHBRkz7Ic7uWkYJplFo3KGmaxZGrWjG73exc/w400-h280/Karte%20Lazarett.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Karte der Gegend um Hall mit den Stationen der Krankentransporte: Oppenau - Bretten ("Brettig") - Kupferzell - Hall. Eingezeichnet sind auch die wesentlichen Kampfhandlungen bis zum September 1734 [11]. - <i>Map of the region of Hall and Swabia with the stops of the transports: Oppenau - Bretten ("Brettig" in the source) - Kupferzell - Hall. The important fightings until September 1734 are included [11]. </i>(Karte copyright: André Hanselmann)</td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><span><a name='more'></a></span><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>An episode from September 6, 1734 is noteworthy. When the war commissioner visited the city led by a council deputation to assess the suitability of the buildings for housing the sick, he also went to Comburg. There he asked if he could visit the knight's monastery hospital. But a representative of the monastery asked Leitzen whether he had any orders from his superior, but Leitzen couldn't show them, which is why his request was rudely refused. Leitzen was convinced that some of the sick could also be distributed to the villages between Übrigshausen [5] and Münkheim if the planned buildings in Hall were not sufficient [6]. Strangely enough, the council debated several times in which houses the officers and non-commissioned officers would be placed - probably because they could not be quartered with the ordinary soldiers [7]. But the situation was apparently much worse on September 7th, when the second transport had already arrived and half of the patients were left lying in the open air in Unterlimpurg. These patients should be provided with a “diet” from “Brodt und Fleischbruch” (bread and pieces of meat). The officers advised that these patients should not be accommodated in the countryside more than an hour away from Hall. One problem was the lack of straw on which the poor sick people had to be bedded. Hospital-Pfleger Ludwig offered 200 “tufts” of straw from the Teuershof. The council decided to deliver 1,000 bushels of straw and 50 hundredweight of hay to the Schlicht district. The farmers should be ordered to thresh the grain in all districts to obtain straw. The problem with the unaccommodated sick people was to be resolved quickly, and the workhouses, brickworks and other buildings were to be prepared for this purpose. The distribution of the remaining sick people to the "In der Schlicht"-district should be taken over by bailiff Bötzen. Of the officers and surgeons for the hospital, certificates were requested from the famous Prince Eugen, "General Nesselrod" [8] and the Duke of Württemberg as well as Bevern [9]. </i></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>A councilor conductor, the council consultant Dr. Arnold and the bailiff Wibel, as Arnold was indispensable, were to be sent to the high command to negotiate with them about the hospital. The city spoke to a Jew named Lemle on September 8th for 1,000 bushels of oats. But they thought 2 guilders (probably per bushel) were quite expensive and wanted to ask the "neighborhood" whether they could get supplies cheaper elsewhere. Fittingly, and as if the problems weren't enough, the orderly asked Mr. Stier whether the Hall Council would pay for the food for the officers' horses in the hospital and also pay for their wood. Out of necessity, they decided to deliver that too, but hoped to be compensated for it by the army high command [10].</i></span></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp9q3ceN1r7LbLyow8hCzyQakfVOx-4284NifLZGQ-tEB7FFdeHi1HZ6OuUVSDlysES7dLvjQIWooyJeOikxvVXLsTTKOY-NWstHBVCKMh9RoeECxqeXGiYo5f4StidLwPwwZkYPH0aLM-QW_0BHQREml6q4IWK665b7oiH5Ew_O0JDO0TOUMIDu_yxtI/s1024/DSC_0414.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="681" data-original-width="1024" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp9q3ceN1r7LbLyow8hCzyQakfVOx-4284NifLZGQ-tEB7FFdeHi1HZ6OuUVSDlysES7dLvjQIWooyJeOikxvVXLsTTKOY-NWstHBVCKMh9RoeECxqeXGiYo5f4StidLwPwwZkYPH0aLM-QW_0BHQREml6q4IWK665b7oiH5Ew_O0JDO0TOUMIDu_yxtI/s320/DSC_0414.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Österreichischer Husar in einer Uniform nach Gudenus (1734). Auf unserer Anno Domini 1743 Veranstaltung. - <i>An Austrian hussar following a picture by Gudenus (1734) on our Anno Domini 1743-event. (photo: Janine Krämer, 2018)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p><br /></p><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">In
der Bürger-Schießhütte vor dem Riedener Tor, in den beiden Werkhäusern,
in der (leer stehenden) Kaserne und in anderen Häusern in Unterlimpurg
wurden die Kranken untergebracht. Die meisten von ihnen waren Konstable,
Stückknechte, Husaren und andere Reiter. Eine Chronik berichtet von 600
Toten von 1.000 Kranken. Die Leichen wurden zu 8-10 Tote in einem Loch
an verschiedenen Stellen rund um die Stadt verscharrt [12]. Die kranken
Soldaten machten offenbar auch ihrerseits dem Haller Rat einige Sorgen.
So wurde den Bürgern und Untertanen verboten den kranken Soldaten Geld
zu borgen, ihnen ohne Wissen des in Unterlimpurg befindlichen Hauptmann
"Döschen" Monturteile abzukaufen oder zuzulassen, dass sie bis nach 8
Uhr Abends in den Gasthäusern blieben. Das Entwenden von Obst und
Gewächsen aus den Kräutergärten durch die Soldaten sollte unverzüglich
dem Hauptmann angezeigt werden - war also wohl üblich [13]. Wenn man
bedenkt wie schlecht manche Soldaten versorgt waren, überrascht der
Obstdiebstahl nicht wirklich.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>The sick were accommodated in the citizens' shooting hut in front of the Riedener Tor, in the two workhouses, in the (empty) barracks and in other houses in Unterlimpurg. Most of them were constables, hired men, hussars and other horsemen. One chronicle reports 600 deaths out of 1,000 sick people. The bodies were buried in groups of 8-10 in a hole in various places around the city [12]. The sick soldiers apparently also worried the Hall council. Citizens and subjects were forbidden to lend money to the sick soldiers, to buy military parts from them without the knowledge of Captain "Döschen" who was in Unterlimpurg, or to allow them to stay in the inns until after 8 o'clock in the evening. The removal of fruit and plants from the herb gardens by the soldiers should be reported to the captain immediately - so it was probably common practice [13]. Considering how poorly some soldiers were cared for, the fruit theft wasn't really surprising.</i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVpeKUBz_VBItFU8YvQJj1LLQaU_Wf8YxQhpGOyOtC33FXO6pyK3Jba-mby0TdevB60cKKddjGBHiS-I_Gvgp0wp785Q4k7tw5Qo4YjYGFzvHEBF5RXyEwfqdt9n5KzetFiDLTx7YLDbfEEnDKGGKa3fUWXlc49HzUp1bnXkeqmy7vsSyO5bpHAnm_Gms/s320/BlogUEntw_0331-1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="213" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVpeKUBz_VBItFU8YvQJj1LLQaU_Wf8YxQhpGOyOtC33FXO6pyK3Jba-mby0TdevB60cKKddjGBHiS-I_Gvgp0wp785Q4k7tw5Qo4YjYGFzvHEBF5RXyEwfqdt9n5KzetFiDLTx7YLDbfEEnDKGGKa3fUWXlc49HzUp1bnXkeqmy7vsSyO5bpHAnm_Gms/s1600/BlogUEntw_0331-1.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ein fröhlicher Deserteur auf unserer Anno Domini 1757 Veranstaltung von 2017. - <i>A still very happy deserter on our Anno Domini 1757 event in 2017. (photo: Janine Krämer, 2017)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Viele Flüchtlinge kamen in die Reichsstadt Schwäbisch Hall. Per
Trommelschlag wurde im Mai 1734 verkündet, dass man die
Kriegsflüchtlinge nicht durch überhöhte Hauszinsen belasten sollte [14].
Ebenso versuchte man mit Dekreten (wie vom 13. September 1734) der
Preissteigerung in Folge der Lebensmittelknappheit durch den Krieg
entgegen zu wirken [15].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>Many refugees came to the imperial city of Schwäbisch Hall. In May 1734, it was loudly announced that war refugees should not be burdened with excessive house interest rates [14]. Attempts were also made to counteract the price increase as a result of the food shortage caused by the war with decrees (such as those issued on September 13, 1734) [15].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Insgesamt ist es interessant wie der Haller Rat wohl auch unter dem Einfluss des großen Stadtbrandes in Verlegenheit war, als das kaiserliche Oberkommando wegen der Einrichtung des Lazaretts anfragte. Die übliche Vorgehensweise des Magistrats die Gegenseite zu vertrösten und dadurch die Ereignisse zu verzögern konnte im Angesicht der Notwendigkeiten eines Krieges nicht gelingen. Unter dem Resultat des Hinauszögerns von Seiten des Rates mussten die armen Kranken leiden.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>Overall, it is interesting how the Hall council was probably embarrassed, even under the influence of the great city fire, when the imperial high command asked about setting up the hospital. The magistrate's usual approach of putting off the opposing side and thereby delaying events could not succeed in the face of the necessities of war. The poor sick people had to suffer as a result of the Council's delay.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Vielen Dank für die rasch von Michael Leyendecker zur Verfügung gestellten Bilder der Comburg und Gelbinger Gasse 91 für diesen und einen weiteren Blogeintrag.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Many thanks for the pictures of the Comburg and Gelbinger Gasse 91 which were send to us very fast for that and more blog postings.</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Fotos: Janine Krämer, Michael Leyendecker</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Karte: André Hanselmann</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">PS: Ich hatte wahrscheinlich eine Kritik des 2. Teils von dem Musketier-2-Teiler angekündigt. Constantin Film hat, wie ich jetzt gelesen habe, diesen im Dezember 23 gestrichen. Vielleicht waren die Einspielergebnisse in Deutschland anders als in Frankreich zu schlecht. Der Film soll direkt ins "Heimkino" kommen, was immer das auch heißt. Kein großer Verlust zumindest wenn man die angebliche Vorlage von Dumas mag.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: x-small;">PS: I probably announced a review of the second part of the Musketeer 2-parter. As I have now read, Constantin Film canceled this in December 2023. Perhaps the box office results in Germany were too poor, unlike in France. The film should come directly to the “home cinema”, whatever that means. Not a big loss, at least if you like Dumas' work which should be inspiring.</span></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Notizen / <i>Notes</i>: <br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">1) Ratsprotokoll 1734, hier 1. September, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0343, S. 305f-306</p><p class="MsoFootnoteText">2) Viehseuchen und Viehkrankheiten, 1732-1798,
Stadtarchiv SHA, Sig. 5/1653, o. S.</p>
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<p style="text-align: justify;">3) Ratsprotokoll 1734, hier 3. September, S. 309f-310</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4) Olaf Goldstein und Peter Wanner: "Heilbronn 1734/35 - ein spektakulärer Fund und sein historischer Hintergrund" in: Jenisch/Haasis-Berner/ Regnath/Konold (Hrsg.): "Im Krieg ist weder Glück noch Stern" Thorbecke, Ostfildern, 2021, S. 49-55</p><p style="text-align: justify;">5) Nördlich von Hall. - <i>North of Hall.</i></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText"><i>6) Ratsprotokoll 1734, 6. September, S</i>. 311 f. – 312 f.</p><p class="MsoFootnoteText">7) Ebenda S. 314 </p><p class="MsoFootnoteText">8) Wohl der kaiserliche Generalfeldmarschall Johann Herrmann von Nesselrode (1671-1751). </p><p class="MsoFootnoteText">9) Wohl Feldmarschall Ferdinand Albrecht II. von Braunschweig-Bevern (1680-1735).</p><p class="MsoFootnoteText">10) Ratsprotokoll 1734, 8. September, S. 315-317<br /></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify;">11) Der Durchbruch durch die Ettlinger Linie fand am 4. Mai statt. Die Linie war zu dünn besetzt und wurde bei Schönbronn durch Hérouville durch etwa 15.000 Mann angegriffen. Schon am folgenden Tag räumte Prinz Eugen die Linie. - <i>The breakthrough trough the lines of Ettlingen was on May 4th. The line was occupied poorly and was attacked by Hérouville with 15.000 troops. On the next day Prince Eugen ordered to evacuate the line.</i> Gerba, S. 185-186</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">12) Schüler'sche Chronik, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. HVHS90 S. 157 </p><p style="text-align: justify;">13)
Das hiesige Lazarett betreffend. In: Sammlung von Statuten und
Ratsdekreten (Tomus XII) Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0501, S.6-8</p><p style="text-align: justify;">14) Sammlung von Statuten und Ratsdekreten (Tomus XII) Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0501, S. 1-2</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">15) "Die Aufkauffung Schmalzes Butter, Eyer seind deren Steigerung betr[effend]" in: ebenda S. 8-10</span></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-7981771660843013202024-01-04T06:13:00.000-08:002024-01-04T06:13:22.079-08:00Schwäbisch Hall im Krieg 1734 / in war 1734 P1<p style="text-align: justify;">Dieses Jahr soll es zwar auf unserer Veranstaltung in Wackershofen vorrangig um das Thema Post gehen. Aber der Hintergrund ist das Jahr 1734, weil es einfach interessant ist wie die Stadt vor 290 Jahren in den Polnischen Thronfolgekrieg verwickelt wurde. Das größte militärische Ereignis auf dem deutschen Kriegsschauplatz war gewiss die Belagerung der Festung Philippsburg durch den Duke of Berwick (1670-1734). Das kaiserliche Heer unter Prinz Eugen (1663-1736) hatte nicht vermocht im Mai den Durchbruch der Franzosen durch die Ettlinger Linien zu verhindern und kam der eingeschlossenen Stadt nicht zur Hilfe, die dann im Juli kapitulierte. Dies war umso bemerkenswerter, da sich durch ein Rheinhochwasser kurzzeitig eine gute Gelegenheit dazu bot, da die französischen Schiffsbrücken zerstört und die Belagerungstruppen von Verstärkungen abgeschnitten waren.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>This year our event in Wackershofen will primarily focus on the topic of post. But the background is the year 1734 because it is simply interesting how the city was involved in the War of the Polish Succession 290 years ago. The greatest military event in the German theater of war was certainly the siege of the Philippsburg fortress by the Duke of Berwick (1670-1734). The imperial army under Prince Eugen (1663-1736) was unable to prevent the French from breaking through the Ettlingen lines in May and did not come to the aid of the surrounded city, which then capitulated in July. This was all the more remarkable because a flood of the Rhine briefly presented a good opportunity to do this, as the French ship bridges were destroyed and the besieging troops were cut off from reinforcements.</i></span></p><p><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZRSzgKmfoLMyq-jHuiO-ZneH8YoMEEoZF6yLdKfEWVo6L2St3Roan4BNY8o9_31EnOlquVEpReORI7C-XivJpSk9-cKFcTANCcAj_IFg1mFfxAHKU8OZreUcH3QeDQOdpoXD5ucTdjghQwxbyKQwWov6dalMSbCPBfDpY6WsCY8d6OjwLpZM0DlHdrnU/s3092/Philippsburg%20bearbeitet.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1393" data-original-width="3092" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZRSzgKmfoLMyq-jHuiO-ZneH8YoMEEoZF6yLdKfEWVo6L2St3Roan4BNY8o9_31EnOlquVEpReORI7C-XivJpSk9-cKFcTANCcAj_IFg1mFfxAHKU8OZreUcH3QeDQOdpoXD5ucTdjghQwxbyKQwWov6dalMSbCPBfDpY6WsCY8d6OjwLpZM0DlHdrnU/w400-h180/Philippsburg%20bearbeitet.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die Belagerung von Philippsburg und der Tod des Herzogs von Berwick. Zeitgenössischer Stich (Ausschnitt). - <i>The siege of Philippsburg and the death of the duke of Berwick. Contemporary print (detail).</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p style="text-align: justify;">Schwäbisch Hall lag prinzipiell recht weit entfernt von allen Kampfhandlungen. Durch den großen Stadtbrand von 1728 war zur Erleichterung der Stadtkasse der Reichsstadt auch vorerst die Stellung des Kreiskontingents erlassen worden [1] wodurch die Stadt allerdings auch ohne professionelle Soldaten war. Wegen des württembergischen Lehens in Westheim musste Hall 1734 allerdings 2 "Lehenreiter" stellen [2]. Zum Zeitpunkt der Belagerung von Philippsburg kam der preußische Kronprinz Friedrich (II.) nebst 2 weiteren Prinzen und General Schulenburg (1685-1741) mit 5 "Chaisen" auf der Durchreise zur Front im Juli nach Hall und wechselte die Pferde auf der Posthalterei ehe er weiterreiste [3]. Immerhin konnten Bürgerkompanien den späteren König bis zum Magistrat eskortieren. Preußen selbst sollte entsprechend dem Traktat von 1728 [4] 10.000 Mann stellen, die erst im Juni 1734 im Lager von Heilbronn eintrafen. Diese Regimenter kamen auch kaum zum Einsatz; in Reichsitalien durften sie entsprechend dem Abkommen anders als die Brandenburger unter dem Alten Dessauer [5] garnicht eingesetzt werden. Im April 1734 war bereits Prinz Eugen über Geislingen vorbei gekommen [6].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>In principle, Schwäbisch Hall was quite far away from any fighting. Due to the great city fire of 1728, the position of the district contingent was temporarily abolished in order to relieve the imperial city's treasury [1], which meant that the city was without professional soldiers. Because of the Württemberg fiefdom in Westheim, Hall had to provide two "fief riders" in 1734 [2]. At the time of the siege of Philippsburg, the Prussian Crown Prince Friedrich (II), along with 2 other princes and general Schulenburg (1685-1741), came to Hall with 5 "Chaisen" on their way to the front in July and changed the horses at the post office before he continued his journey [3]. At least citizen companies were able to escort the future king to the magistrate. According to the treaty of 1728 [4], Prussia itself was supposed to provide 10,000 men, who only arrived in the Heilbronn camp in June 1734. These regiments were hardly ever used; According to the agreement, they were not allowed to be used in Imperial Italy at all, unlike the Brandenburgers under the Old Dessauer [5]. In April 1734, Prince Eugen had already travelled via Geislingen [6].</i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilSWCJ334yoCdlCYeFRJKP-srxcjEpKiu_0pUY2HgRGa45iDzp7fv2n_IoEfFY_W03Uvit9UkG26jxiIEEzK2sbydr1Ok-9D7aAT6RtT907ZP1Uw-az8-bu6TnRLOKyM9TY39rqbEkJAnEHoa5RHge21aO3vpVYEfl2ckxWcDiIsdhPTzyW1ZujBpq-do/s1540/DSC_0367(1).jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1540" data-original-width="1024" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilSWCJ334yoCdlCYeFRJKP-srxcjEpKiu_0pUY2HgRGa45iDzp7fv2n_IoEfFY_W03Uvit9UkG26jxiIEEzK2sbydr1Ok-9D7aAT6RtT907ZP1Uw-az8-bu6TnRLOKyM9TY39rqbEkJAnEHoa5RHge21aO3vpVYEfl2ckxWcDiIsdhPTzyW1ZujBpq-do/s320/DSC_0367(1).jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ein französischer Verwundeter (Regiment Lyonais [7] ) auf unserer Anno Domini 1743 Veranstaltung 2018. Die Franzosen hatten bei der Belagerung von Philippsburg enorm hohe Verluste - wohl etwa 10.000 Mann an Toten und Verwundeten [8], was einer effizienten Verteidigung durch General Wutgenau (1674-1736) mit sogar zum Teil Kreistruppen zugerechnet wurde. - <i>A wounded French soldier (from the Lyonais regiment [7] ) on our Anno Domini 1743 event in 2018. The French had really high losses during the siege of Philippsburg - maybe 10.000 dead and wounded [8], which was caused by the highly effective defense by general G. F. Wutgenau (1674-1736) who even had to rely on troops of the Imperial circles. (photo: Stefan Winter, 2018)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Über 10 Monate versammelte sich diese bunt zusammengewürfelte Armee in Heilbronn. Im Mai schrieb Prinz Eugen nach Wien: "Ganz in dem schlechten Zustand, wie mein Bericht vom Heutigen lautet, habe ich die deutsche Armee gefunden. Die preußischen Truppen machen den Kern derselben aus, das übrige stellt beinahe das Bild der Unbrauchbarkeit dar." [9] Im Juni hatten sich hier 50.000 Mann zu Fuß und 20.000 zu Pferd versammelt [10]. Der junge österreichische Offizier Gudenus hat diese Armee in aller Farbenprächtigkeit abgebildet. Nach dem Fall von Philippsburg verlagerte Prinz Eugen sein Lager nach Bruchsal. Die Franzosen gingen nach Heidelberg.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>This motley army gathered in Heilbronn for over 10 months. In May, Prince Eugen wrote to Vienna: "I found the German army in the very poor condition that my report says today. The Prussian troops make up the core of it, the rest is almost a picture of uselessness." [9] In June 50,000 men on foot and 20,000 on horseback gathered here [10]. The young Austrian officer Gudenus depicted this army in all its colours. After the fall of Philippsburg, Prince Eugen moved his camp to Bruchsal. The French went to Heidelberg.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG_I6s_d3sj3ObxYNEcI80S4PW8DaTm2GUFBgh_sVjwYjd-Ann9Bhuc6-zzHXSunxMRPU27gOGo_iyqvBgubhv_3ho450Mfu0OLj6Y1VEB3ZJukRoyASxgBmZM9l6uvMvxK-ecGKN-FFx6Ba2JrOkiLVTA-3GXUjy40bWrjUBk4JOAy5_AiS3VAD-JzPU/s4032/20221203_112632.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="1816" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG_I6s_d3sj3ObxYNEcI80S4PW8DaTm2GUFBgh_sVjwYjd-Ann9Bhuc6-zzHXSunxMRPU27gOGo_iyqvBgubhv_3ho450Mfu0OLj6Y1VEB3ZJukRoyASxgBmZM9l6uvMvxK-ecGKN-FFx6Ba2JrOkiLVTA-3GXUjy40bWrjUBk4JOAy5_AiS3VAD-JzPU/s320/20221203_112632.jpg" width="144" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Sponton der Truppen des Schwäbischen Kreises ca. 1740. - <i>Spontoon of the troops of the Swabian Circle ca. 1740. (Wehrgeschichtliches Museum Rastatt, Foto: Cecilia Hanselmann)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Die Kriegszeiten boten offenbar auch Gelegenheit einer gerechten Strafe zu entkommen. Ein gewisser Hans Michel Hirsch aus Rieden (Amt Rosengarten), der eine Dienstmagd im Herbst 1733 geschwängert hatte, floh und begab sich in würzburgische Kriegsdienste. Zwar konnte man ihn deswegen nicht ins Gefängnis stecken wie beabsichtigt, verhing aber von Seiten des Magistrats eine Geldstrafe von 14 Gulden [11].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>The times of war apparently also offered an opportunity to escape fair punishment. A certain Hans Michel Hirsch from Rieden (Rosengarten district), who had impregnated a maid in the fall of 1733, fled and went into military service in Würzburg. Although he could not be put in prison as intended, the magistrate did impose a fine of 14 guilders [11].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimDO0jG8v61he9YGmR250fd71DlGzSiWFgELYvwgt-RjBDAkWsOm9TdIfiBgkYL8ZD-TJULsbGYQwrJtszNG46U4xDSr9jbExY9XRYqvZOAmcEMEov8tVKI0-WhwW5J2-I8jj8eg4JMZQOi_UJor6pdExm1Tmg2uAcSqy2Q3jJSwwsl7OCOKiP8AXjSzk/s2400/IMG_8483.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2400" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimDO0jG8v61he9YGmR250fd71DlGzSiWFgELYvwgt-RjBDAkWsOm9TdIfiBgkYL8ZD-TJULsbGYQwrJtszNG46U4xDSr9jbExY9XRYqvZOAmcEMEov8tVKI0-WhwW5J2-I8jj8eg4JMZQOi_UJor6pdExm1Tmg2uAcSqy2Q3jJSwwsl7OCOKiP8AXjSzk/s320/IMG_8483.JPG" width="213" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Würzburgischer Offizier und Mannschaften des Regiments Bamberg nach Gudenus auf unserer Veranstaltung 2022. - <i>An officer and ordinary soldiers of the Würzburg regiment Bamberg following a sketch by Gudenus on our event in 2022. (photo: Menger/Preusser)<br /><br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><span><a name='more'></a></span><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Der Schwäbische Kreis war rasch Kriegsschauplatz geworden. Der Herzog Eberhard Ludwig von Württemberg (1676-1733) starb bevor er auf die Seite Frankreichs wechseln konnte, was er wohl beabsichtigt hatte [12]. Seine Herzogswürde und den Posten als Direktor des Schwäbischen Kreises übernahm sein unterdessen katholischer Verwandter Carl Alexander (1684-1737), welcher als österreichischer Feldmarschall ein treuer Anhänger des Kaisers war. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Prinz Eugen ließ im Juni ein Dekret in Schwäbisch Hall verlauten. Da die Desertion überhand nahm, sollte man auf alle Soldaten achten, die ohne ihr Offizere mit oder ohne "Montour" angetroffen würden und die keine "Passeport" vorweisen konnten. Wer einen Deserteur egriff, sollte neben einem Ersatz für seine Unkosten noch 1 Dublone pro Deserteur bekommen. Die Unterstützung der Ausreißer wurde strengenstens verboten [13]. Es wurde auch wirklich ein Deserteur von den "Dähn[ischen] Trouppen von der Kayserl[ichen] Armée am Rhein" gefasst und in den Turm gesperrt. Wegen der Montour und seinem Pferd ließ man einen Bericht an das "Corp Mollen" abgehen [14]. Auch die Gefahr der Belastung durch Einquartierungen wurde ernst genommen. Im Magistrat von Hall wurde über die "Compagnie zu Fuß" eines Hauptmanns Schecken vom Bamberger Militär [15] beraten, welches in Steinach Quartier genommen hatte [16]. Im Haller Rat wurde am 26. August 1734 über ein Verhör der Anna Margaretha Schneider gesprochen, welche von einem Husaren "pto stupidi violenti" also vergewaltigt worden sein soll [17].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>The Swabian District quickly became a theater of war. Duke Eberhard Ludwig of Württemberg (1676-1733) died before he could switch to the French side, which he probably intended [12]. His dukedom and the post of director of the Swabian Circle was taken over by his Catholic relative Carl Alexander (1684-1737), who, as Austrian field marshal, was a loyal supporter of the emperor.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;"><i>Prince Eugen issued a decree in Schwäbisch Hall in June. Since desertion became rampant, attention should be paid to all soldiers who were found without their officer, with or without a "Montour" and who could not produce a "Passeport". Anyone who captured a deserter should receive 1 doubloon per deserter in addition to reimbursement for their expenses. Supporting the outliers was strictly forbidden [13]. A deserter was actually caught by the "Dähn[ischen] troops of the Kayserl[ichen] Armée am Rhein" and locked in the tower. A report was sent to “Corp Mollen” about the Montour and his horse [14]. The risk of exposure to billeting was also taken seriously. The Hall magistrate discussed the "company on foot" of a Captain Schecken from the Bamberg military [15], who had taken up quarters in Steinach [16]. On August 26, 1734, the Hall council talked about the interrogation of Anna Margaretha Schneider, who is said to have been raped by a hussar "pto stupidi violenti" [17].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Es wird insgesamt 4 Blogeinträge zur Recherche für unsere kommende 1734-Veranstaltung in Wackershofen geben. Der nächste Eintrag zu dem Thema wird das große Lazarett der kaiserlichen Armee in Hall behandeln.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>We will have 4 blog posts about our research for our upcoming 1734-event in Wackershofen. The next posting will include information about the large military hospital of the Imperial army in Hall.</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Fotos: Cecilia Hanselmann, Menger/Peusser, Stefan Winter</b><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Notizen / <i>Notes</i>:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1) Verringerung der Reichs-
und Kreissteuern der Stadt Schwäbisch Hall nach dem Stadtbrand, 1728-1733,
Stadtarchiv Schwäb. Hall, Signatur: 4/3685</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2) Ratsprotokoll 1734, hier 30. August 1734, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0343, S. 301 <br /></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText">3) Chronik der Stadt Schwäbisch Hall, verfasst 1750-1813,
Stadtarchiv SHA Sig. S 09/1, S. 390 f.<br /></p>
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<p style="text-align: justify;">4) Berliner Vertrag zw. Kaiser Karl VI. und König Friedrich Wilhelm I. in Preußen von 1728. - <i>Treaty of Berlin of Emperor Charles VI and king Frederick William I in Prussia from 1728.</i><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">5) Man denke an die Schlacht bei Turin. - <i>You may remember the battle of Turin.</i><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">6) siehe Notiz 2 / <i>look in notice 2</i><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">7) siehe hier <i>/ look here: </i><span style="text-align: left;">https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2018/06/</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">8) </span>Raimund Gerba: "Feldzüge des Prinzen Eugen" Verlag des K. u. K. Kriegsarchivs, Wien, 1891, S. 247</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p></o:p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">9) Hans Bleckwenn: "Reiter, Husaren und Grenadiere" Hardenberg Kommunikation, Dortmund, 1979, S. 11<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">10) Raimund Gerba: "Feldzüge des Prinzen Eugen" Verlag des K. u. K. Kriegsarchivs, Wien, 1891, S. 202</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">11) Amtsrechnung Amt Rosengarten 1734/35, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/4554, S. 77</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;">12) Reinhard Graf von Neipperg: "Kaiser und Schwäbischer Kreis (1714-1733) Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1991, S. 155-157</p><p style="text-align: justify;">13) Sammlung von Statuten und Ratsdekreten (Tomus XII) Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0501, S.2-3</p><p style="text-align: justify;">14) Also Truppen des Fürstbischofs von Würzburg, die aus Bamberg kamen. - <i>Troops of the Archbishop of Würzburg which were coming from Bamberg.</i><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">15) Ratsprotokoll 1734, hier 27. August, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0343, S. 298 f. <br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">16) Ratsprotokoll 1734, hier 16. August, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/0343, S. 283 </p><p style="text-align: justify;">17) ebenda hier 27. August, S. 298 f.</p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-41661556817448280822023-12-21T07:27:00.000-08:002023-12-21T07:27:17.619-08:00Rückblick auf die Saison - view back on the season<p style="text-align: justify;">Das Jahr 2023 sah uns wieder auf einigen Events. Ich selber musste 2 Veranstaltungen leider auslassen, wo ich gerne interessante Erfahrungen gemacht hätte. Erstmalig waren wir gleich zweimal in der Schweiz. Unsere beiden Veranstaltungen des Cercle d'histoire vivante in Wackershofen haben wir schon ein wenig beleuchtet [1] [2]. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAFd_lTO6OJKImXvpGINyhvhpRFrQAkJiCqoc6QimGYe0oxj6x4uC9nbRPhlxIUgq06bhdaX-3VJsbDOTeqRC-XdfvODZg5WemXaT7bLi96tCQSjXIbZ7MiBL0sMg1zLMZaK-L5R0EMaZkY9mFn8bAfdkjfgdLJnFIA7B3u_5oqA6Wq3NQY3Ozt3JYD4o/s4032/Bild%20S2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="1816" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAFd_lTO6OJKImXvpGINyhvhpRFrQAkJiCqoc6QimGYe0oxj6x4uC9nbRPhlxIUgq06bhdaX-3VJsbDOTeqRC-XdfvODZg5WemXaT7bLi96tCQSjXIbZ7MiBL0sMg1zLMZaK-L5R0EMaZkY9mFn8bAfdkjfgdLJnFIA7B3u_5oqA6Wq3NQY3Ozt3JYD4o/w180-h400/Bild%20S2.jpg" width="180" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die Gemälde im Museum Blumenstein sind wirklich beeindruckend. Soviele Portraits aus den Familien des Hauses aus dem 17. und 18.Jh.. - <i>The paintings in the Blumenstein museum are really impressive. So many portrays of the familys of the house from the 17th and 18th century. (photo: Cecilia Hanselmann, 2023)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>The year 2023 saw us at a few events again. Unfortunately, I had to miss two events where I would have liked to have had interesting experiences. For the first time, we were in Switzerland twice. We have already shed some light on our two events at the Cercle d'histoire vivante in Wackershofen [1] [2].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> </i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOUgHjRGpAae0j7S01KVvpq2AbwyTHmhJ2EkM_oLp4BH8f3_f_nbZQqrOxTtx1VcBBvIYvtz2qHxhXMiAFGnB9LvZ8l-wPOXikRKiwqmVMPdjGs-ZwAz1u1f8FoG5lC2hnVWXavdcuZH4B4HbEvi6NwAn1hh9FF1x-0pD8pgwJmC_vGLiIuigeaLGS6W8/s2048/364232651_273883895374226_8290106208409456748_n.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOUgHjRGpAae0j7S01KVvpq2AbwyTHmhJ2EkM_oLp4BH8f3_f_nbZQqrOxTtx1VcBBvIYvtz2qHxhXMiAFGnB9LvZ8l-wPOXikRKiwqmVMPdjGs-ZwAz1u1f8FoG5lC2hnVWXavdcuZH4B4HbEvi6NwAn1hh9FF1x-0pD8pgwJmC_vGLiIuigeaLGS6W8/w300-h400/364232651_273883895374226_8290106208409456748_n.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Am Jahrestag der Schlacht bei Freiburg (1644) ein Bauer und ein bayerischer Söldner auf dem Bohl zu Schanzarbeiten. - <i>On the day of the battle of Freiburg (1644) a peasant and a Bavarian mercenary on the Bohl to work on the fieldworks. (photo: Daniel Klotz, 2023)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Wir haben uns hinsichtlich unserer Nebenthemen mit den Ereignissen des Jahres 1743 beschäftigt und einige Schlachten vorgestellt. Von daher wird es nächstes Jahr vielleicht noch ein bisschen interessanter insbesondere weil wir den Höhepunkt des Polnischen Thronfolgekrieges behandeln werden. Zu dieser Zeit war ja auch Schwäbisch Hall vom Krieg zumindest ein wenig betroffen [3]. Ich freue mich aber auch darauf auf unserem Blog etwas über die Gefechte bei Weißenburg und Suffelnheim im Elsass 1744.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><br /> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh88v5OQTJR5oP-kfeOFc53g0ZR5tMO1cj1aU2lRTPDQT7nDtljzIfUqHHFw1lwGefP6wPavLkYf8irOntJkJw7emjH56VUEiZMkGENjdrEuy9lcfcneFcsZlIX0R533sbcWszfLdS_NtOEwVtHbF2GIiZydc9bE42rAfx-pxB54eCV6nfKwFSWf9J5YfU/s2919/Bild%20S1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2919" data-original-width="1803" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh88v5OQTJR5oP-kfeOFc53g0ZR5tMO1cj1aU2lRTPDQT7nDtljzIfUqHHFw1lwGefP6wPavLkYf8irOntJkJw7emjH56VUEiZMkGENjdrEuy9lcfcneFcsZlIX0R533sbcWszfLdS_NtOEwVtHbF2GIiZydc9bE42rAfx-pxB54eCV6nfKwFSWf9J5YfU/w248-h400/Bild%20S1.jpg" width="248" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Jost Greder von Wartenfels, Obrist eines Schweizer Regiments in französischen Diensten, Rat der Stadt Solothurn, im Alter von 69 Jahren, 1623 - <i>Jost Greder of Wartenfels, colonel of a Swiss regiment in French service, magistrate of the council of the city of Solothurn at the age of 69, in 1623 (Zeughaus Solothurn, photo: Cecilia Hanselmann, 2023)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>With regard to our secondary topics, we have dealt with the events of 1743 and presented some battles. So next year things might be a little more interesting, especially because we'll be covering the climax of the War of the Polish Succession. At that time, Schwäbisch Hall was at least somewhat affected by the war [3]. But I'm also looking forward to reading something about the battles near Weißenburg and Suffelnheim in Alsace in 1744 on our blog.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><br /><br /><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigFF8qUd4SQ3KiRgdWhGFGsVfidIDKumtljuFQxbWnpvRHf7FQBtq2a_rNBSAHdD4c6csGfiYSrvdXDH4jmRhcHbsydKPgVL4OjyH271jrfpY3S_aJf7-grzE7bjD22DBHwwTPgmmUC0OEPFvi_82IzmlaFaViLSHCxDxKRwChK7J-Ab0WNAQHEAAr8P0/s4032/N%C3%BCrnberg23%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="1816" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigFF8qUd4SQ3KiRgdWhGFGsVfidIDKumtljuFQxbWnpvRHf7FQBtq2a_rNBSAHdD4c6csGfiYSrvdXDH4jmRhcHbsydKPgVL4OjyH271jrfpY3S_aJf7-grzE7bjD22DBHwwTPgmmUC0OEPFvi_82IzmlaFaViLSHCxDxKRwChK7J-Ab0WNAQHEAAr8P0/w180-h400/N%C3%BCrnberg23%201.jpg" width="180" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Blick in eine Puppenstube aus dem 17. Jh. - <i>Look into a doll house from the 17th century. (</i>Germanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg, Foto: Cecilia Hanselmann, 2023)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Die Beschäftigung mit den Geschehnissen 1623 hat mir einmal mehr gezeigt wie sehr diese Phase des 30-jährigen Krieges ignoriert wird. Daniel Klotz möchte ich an der Stelle danken, der mir das letzte Jahrzehnt dieses Konfliktes näher gebracht hat. Besonders faszinierend finde ich die mir von ihm ausgeliehene Biographie zum Feldherrn Jan von Werth [4], die ein schönes abwägendes Quellenstudium betreibt. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><br /> <p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC7UULlvezaEyS9eyeNvRXB9a84p_fJOPg4wirkzoU1BAogX_aLpOUgDemBz8E1P28eFExrLFug4rUQciZtxS_hoCA6F7-dvkv_LqMTvpXbzXHjgXoXwq4zBm0mprs51z5RdaJ0sZQXII78o5GJh9vvD_s1IeWx_8KixlYMWL3IWBF5E6m0l5Z720BRVo/s4032/La%20Rochelle%201.heic" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="1816" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC7UULlvezaEyS9eyeNvRXB9a84p_fJOPg4wirkzoU1BAogX_aLpOUgDemBz8E1P28eFExrLFug4rUQciZtxS_hoCA6F7-dvkv_LqMTvpXbzXHjgXoXwq4zBm0mprs51z5RdaJ0sZQXII78o5GJh9vvD_s1IeWx_8KixlYMWL3IWBF5E6m0l5Z720BRVo/w180-h400/La%20Rochelle%201.heic" width="180" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dieses sehr schöne Schloss haben wir auf der letzten von uns organisierten Veranstaltung dieses Jahr besucht. Der kleine Ort dazu heißt La Rochelle. Das Schloss stammt aus dem frühen 18. Jh. - <i>On our last selforganized event for this year we visited that very nice castle. The name of the small village is La Rochelle and the castle is from the early 18th century. (photo: Cecilia Hanselmann, 2023) <br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Dealing with the events of 1623 showed me once again how much this phase of the 30 Years' War was ignored. I would like to thank Daniel Klotz, who introduced me to the last decade of this conflict. I find the biography of the general Jan von Werth [4], which he lent me to me, particularly fascinating, as it makes a nice, thoughtful study of the sources.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><span></span></i></span></p><a name='more'></a><i> </i><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV1JzudUDDDMeUmUZyEvyiIoobs5ehHufy1dcnZGoWOL3QazzKS7ENJ-ZsmpFYgo-TS7lLS6kvTM44ynF07YWdxsb7HxiuE2L3owEePeTCWk4oqo6ksMQcvYZAKpamxXfxquNKlRrR9EojnG5RAVbXHfFK4IebHj7RdATMoRiGM7kGhJgamOxlKCPhmYTg/s4032/IMG_9740.jpeg.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV1JzudUDDDMeUmUZyEvyiIoobs5ehHufy1dcnZGoWOL3QazzKS7ENJ-ZsmpFYgo-TS7lLS6kvTM44ynF07YWdxsb7HxiuE2L3owEePeTCWk4oqo6ksMQcvYZAKpamxXfxquNKlRrR9EojnG5RAVbXHfFK4IebHj7RdATMoRiGM7kGhJgamOxlKCPhmYTg/w300-h400/IMG_9740.jpeg.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Am Ende der Saison waren wir auf einem Empire-Ball in Schloss Rastatt. Hier im Treppenhaus auf der Belle-Etage. - <i>At the end of the season we were on a regency ball in Rastatt palace. Here we are in the staircase of the belle-etage.</i> (Foto: Cecilia Hanselmann, Franziska Stanger)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">2023 brachte für unseren Blog ein paar Aufs und Abs. Das Gespräch mit Bernhard Weigl [5] und die Vorstellung eines kurzen Inventars aus dem 18. Jahrhundert hat die meisten Leser gefunden [6]. Ähnlich wie in den Vorjahren hat es ein paar Filme zum rezensieren gegeben. Es ist etwas schade, dass keine besonders guten dabei waren und die letzten passenden Filme, die mich wirklich beeindruckt haben gelaufen sind, bevor ich das Format der Filmkritiken hier gestartet habe [7].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi12aG6DJfRg8kUYZfzhR9y0C9-95BBQjoubseIK7bPm_sgOA4eqqPmgpTExxTALhpcyef2ZQhL9Rq4rfl2ge1RrBAvmf3Y-nDLjodB67lbOtybChnpHIJlzo5S4wg9niYL6v9L5jNeHOZSBIu1tymH4DU1cTwjigFaWMI25wmrNyqERjwnh52rbuMcpTU/s2048/IMG_0899.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi12aG6DJfRg8kUYZfzhR9y0C9-95BBQjoubseIK7bPm_sgOA4eqqPmgpTExxTALhpcyef2ZQhL9Rq4rfl2ge1RrBAvmf3Y-nDLjodB67lbOtybChnpHIJlzo5S4wg9niYL6v9L5jNeHOZSBIu1tymH4DU1cTwjigFaWMI25wmrNyqERjwnh52rbuMcpTU/w400-h300/IMG_0899.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ende Oktober waren wir in Amsterdam. Es gibt viel zu sehen, wenn man sich für das 17. Jh. interessiert. Aber auch für das 18. Jh. lohnt sich die Stadt. Ein Höhepunkt für uns war die Besichtigung des Schiffahrtsmuseums mit dem Nachbau der "Amsterdam", die 1749 gesunken ist. - <i>At the end of October we visited Amsterdam. There is a lot to see if you are interested in the 17th century. Although the town is great if you are more in the 18th century too. One of our highlights was Het Sheepvaartmuseum with the rebuilt of the "Amsterdam". The original ship sunk in 1749. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>2023 brought a few ups and downs for our blog. The conversation with Bernhard Weigl [5] and the presentation of a short inventory from the 18th century found the most readers [6]. Similar to previous years, there were a few films to review. It's a bit of a shame that there weren't any particularly good ones and the last suitable films that really impressed me were shown before I started the film review format here [7].</i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW4ET62h2VoZym46a0BnpGPThjcqhYLWf7e4sKWd68q1aiiKTk1o9_6oCj1z78Yuq0g8ctV-8GmqxNFRpUC8bQwVBlWYrNrxD-Mvx2vLFRTnoNm6tX1hhimsPg8F9FI7NcPenhB9NpXmsseLjWRT1A7IO2AprBEjrg2FAorF6vul7q4uesSfojxwh922g/s2048/IMG_1087.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW4ET62h2VoZym46a0BnpGPThjcqhYLWf7e4sKWd68q1aiiKTk1o9_6oCj1z78Yuq0g8ctV-8GmqxNFRpUC8bQwVBlWYrNrxD-Mvx2vLFRTnoNm6tX1hhimsPg8F9FI7NcPenhB9NpXmsseLjWRT1A7IO2AprBEjrg2FAorF6vul7q4uesSfojxwh922g/w400-h300/IMG_1087.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ende November waren wir zum Auswärtsspiel in Ulm. Hier sieht man den Neuen Bau. Ähnlich wie der Neubau in Hall [8] ebenfalls im 16. Jahrhundert errichtet und diente ebenso als Kornspeicher. Wenn der Kreistag in der Frühen Neuzeit das Rathaus belegte, tagte hier der Rat der Reichsstadt Ulm. - <i>At the end of November we were in Ulm for an away game. Here you can see the "Neue Bau". Similar like the "Neubau" in Hall [8] it was built during the 16th century and was used as the town's granary. When the council of the Imperial circle occupied the city hall the "Neue Bau" was used for assemblies of Ulm's magistrate. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i></i></span></p><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><br /> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Wir freuen uns schon auf die Rechercheergebnisse in diesem Jahr aus dem Archiv und die Themen des nächsten Jahres. Zurück auf unseren Veranstaltungen möchte ich hiermit unseren Mitorganisator Dandy Kuschel vom Cercle d'histore vivante begrüßen.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAHYPQ9tAPPR6IOYnc2WwFSABH2cwax0EDR8gDl2LmWC_zQHXi1fHMJv-4qkzi_LQI8kjcQq6hVPu9Yjhsj_uCMABuhrfWfeMFTaqYn8PFKUER1afFgvt2BTtYsiT-6t2JMpostjsnKPS_iS6iMYSyn7P_Hd9SA3gYGl5yShCSNRHGcVuRD_lBD7xp2uU/s2048/IMG_1090.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAHYPQ9tAPPR6IOYnc2WwFSABH2cwax0EDR8gDl2LmWC_zQHXi1fHMJv-4qkzi_LQI8kjcQq6hVPu9Yjhsj_uCMABuhrfWfeMFTaqYn8PFKUER1afFgvt2BTtYsiT-6t2JMpostjsnKPS_iS6iMYSyn7P_Hd9SA3gYGl5yShCSNRHGcVuRD_lBD7xp2uU/w400-h300/IMG_1090.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Das Rathaus von Ulm wurde als Sitz der Versammlung des Schwäbischen Kreises genutzt. Das ist ganz ähnlich wie bei dem Immerwährenden Reichstag in Regensburg, der im dortigen Rathaus tagte. Leider wurde das Rathaus nach der Reichsstadtzeit Ulms stark verändert. - <i>The city hall of Ulm was the domicile of the diet of the Swabian Imperial cercle. That's very much like in Regensburg where the Perpetual Diet of the Holy Roman Empire was situated in the city hall. Unfortuantely the city hall was very much changed after Ulm's period as an Imperial city. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><br /> <p></p><div class="QmZWSe" style="text-align: justify;"><div class="DHcWmd"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>We are already looking forward to this year's research results from the archive and next year's topics. Back to our events, I would like to welcome our co-organizer Dandy Kuschel from the Cercle d'histore vivante.</i></span></div><div class="DHcWmd"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> </i></span></div><div class="DHcWmd"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSDLd7u50q6O-Qehngt-x-0vkkUXWsBpYjQUE_Ti5I3xLNNBJjyRd8LfpSFQKVZfYTeX6iz1TfM1j6l0fd3mP_Qg1haZeE91CVwLoe6nEDXeeX_B44VzwLypX45JDjiom4qgyb9tmxDyskuN3nvMMuva_limOv57zJfWIT_lvloL1JY7-BGBeSZ5l3QTw/s4032/IMG_2355.HEIC" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSDLd7u50q6O-Qehngt-x-0vkkUXWsBpYjQUE_Ti5I3xLNNBJjyRd8LfpSFQKVZfYTeX6iz1TfM1j6l0fd3mP_Qg1haZeE91CVwLoe6nEDXeeX_B44VzwLypX45JDjiom4qgyb9tmxDyskuN3nvMMuva_limOv57zJfWIT_lvloL1JY7-BGBeSZ5l3QTw/w400-h300/IMG_2355.HEIC" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Zum Abschluss ein sommerlich wirkendes Bild aus dem herbstlichen Frankreich. Ich bezahle als der Hausherr das Gesinde im Jahre 1773. - <i>Finaly a very Summery looking picture from France in Autumn. I'm paying my household as the master in the year 1773. (photo: C. Bernath zu Bernathfalva)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></i></span></div></div><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Fotos: Cecilia Hanselmann, Daniel Klotz, Franziska Stanger, André Hanselmann, Christina Bernath zu Bernathfalva</b><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Notizen /<i> Notes</i>:</p><p>1) https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2023/04/landleben-1623-teil-1-part-1.html<br /></p><p>2) https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2023/09/die-mainhardter-rauberbande-band-of.html</p><p>3) Sammlung von Statuten und Ratsdekreten (Tomus XII) Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall Sig. 4/0501</p><p>4) Helmut Lahrkamp: "Jan von Werth" Verlag Der Löwe, Köln, 1962<br /></p><p>5) https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2023/04/historiker-von-nebenanhistorians.html</p><p>6) https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2023/08/ein-inventar-einer-gewohnlichen-frau.html<br /></p><p>7) z.B. "L'Échange des princesses" Marc Dugain, F, 2017</p><p>8) siehe hier: https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2022/02/schwabisch-hall-1622.html<br /></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-43047663223076688142023-11-30T22:49:00.000-08:002023-11-30T22:49:43.289-08:00The army of Savoy-Piedmont - Die Armee von Piemont<p style="text-align: justify;">Seit einigen Jahren beschäftige ich mich beiläufig mit der Armee von Piemont. Sie ist natürlich unumgänglich, wenn man sich den italienischen Schauplatz des Österreichischen Erbfolgekrieges anschaut. Durch den Geschichtsunterricht bekam ich in Deutschland maximal vermittelt, dass Friedrich II. in diesem Krieg beziehungsweise in den Zwei Schlesischen Kriegen die Provinz Schlesien erwarb. Dass der Krieg massiv auch die Verhältnisse in Italien beeinflusste und die Heere durch Italien hin und her zogen, es zahlreiche Schlachten gab, die auch von der Größe durchaus mit denen in Deutschland und Flandern vergleichbar waren, das war mir unbekannt. Der Geschichtsunterricht beispielsweise in der DDR war stark auf ein auf Preußen konzentriertes Geschichtsbild fixiert [1], wenn man das 18. Jahrhundert betrachtete. Überhaupt führt das bisweilen ja auch zu einer Unterschätzung von beispielsweise dem Polnischen Thronfolgekrieg für die politische Landkarte Europas. Die Kenntnis um diesen Konflikt ist aber essentiell um die Handlungsweise gerade des Königs Carlo Emanuele III von Sardinien-Piemont (1701-1773) zu verstehen, der für mich durchaus neben Friedrich II. von Preußen zu einer der herausragenden Monarchen der Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts zählen darf. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgar4HHQTNNBIYDVt0YoKgHT8sK_g3MMCMbOVNs6_BIXo3Ke133DaO-aMEnDVMRCSesI7s_zNn-E22d8A53Lk9OzbkFEl9d6wPmFfhxrf8C9GZ6vUeBE0EoguJZgJ24ALBROqsuY37rejRlBBVwF0BcPTYZ4VfEUsIJxtKnND2TV2jq8-dPNwSe4mxB5Z0/s840/Carlo_Emanuele_III_a_Cavallo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="840" data-original-width="709" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgar4HHQTNNBIYDVt0YoKgHT8sK_g3MMCMbOVNs6_BIXo3Ke133DaO-aMEnDVMRCSesI7s_zNn-E22d8A53Lk9OzbkFEl9d6wPmFfhxrf8C9GZ6vUeBE0EoguJZgJ24ALBROqsuY37rejRlBBVwF0BcPTYZ4VfEUsIJxtKnND2TV2jq8-dPNwSe4mxB5Z0/w338-h400/Carlo_Emanuele_III_a_Cavallo.jpg" width="338" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">König Carlo Emanuele III zu Pferde. Man bemerke, dass im Hintergrund eine Schlacht tobt und sein Rock der Uniform seiner Guardia del Corpo ähnelt. - <i>King Carlo Emanuele III at horse. Please note the battle in the background and that his coat is looking similar like the uniform of his Guardia del Corpo. (photo: Wikimedia Commons, contemporary painting)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRBCacDZvY_S7wM7jfEhLsAV4zSSYWf69L9cX6VMzrrshZqocgjwlqQvt0uZM8a1khulwajX-Xnu5sl4_CmzeMyr4uXUobH-nTioKHEovhv4aNhqXo_sS80_1DGm36RZWohRS-TF8Hm8RohwAtPtdfDhP5rzlt4Wh0WcPE1Ou_ysu98E-F3e0s_uPeEE4/s2048/Carlo%20Emanuele.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRBCacDZvY_S7wM7jfEhLsAV4zSSYWf69L9cX6VMzrrshZqocgjwlqQvt0uZM8a1khulwajX-Xnu5sl4_CmzeMyr4uXUobH-nTioKHEovhv4aNhqXo_sS80_1DGm36RZWohRS-TF8Hm8RohwAtPtdfDhP5rzlt4Wh0WcPE1Ou_ysu98E-F3e0s_uPeEE4/w400-h300/Carlo%20Emanuele.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ich wollte natürlich auch Carlo Emanuele für meine Armee als Oberkommandeur haben. Er hat bei mir seine typische Perücke, einen roten Rock und einen Brustpanzer, den man auch auf manchen Porträts sieht. - <i>Naturally I wanted to have Carlo Emanuele as commander in chief for my army. He has his typical wig, a red coat and a breastplate, which is visible on some portrays. (photo: André Hanselmann)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i>For several years I have been involved casually with the Piedmontese Army. It is of course unavoidable when looking at the Italian scene of the War of the Austrian Succession. The history lessons in Germany taught me at most that Frederick II acquired the province of Silesia in this war or in the Two Silesian Wars. I did not know that the war also had a massive impact the history of Italy and that armies moved back and forth through Italy, and that there were numerous battles that were comparable in size to those in Germany and Flanders. History lessons in the GDR, for example, were strongly focused on Prussia [1] if you looked at the 18th century. In general, this sometimes leads to an underestimation of, for example, the War of the Polish Succession for the political map of Europe. However, knowledge of this conflict is essential in order to understand the actions of King Carlo Emanuele III of Sardinia-Piedmont (1701-1773), who for me can certainly be counted among the outstanding monarchs of the mid-18th century alongside Frederick II of Prussia.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGDTEaRrR7JvkoBrf89p25UiW8NdV8YDYpmDlm77tvkw75cW0naXZiGltDFztXRNHsyvXoFd2Ln1wqmPFklZ07FQx7jXmHFQivtFtLJ9UU6Jtmthx_syeysvFEu0UCvz4SK40DDYEAK8PtiMuoMZzUxZYELb9V-JeL8-gwPxsCEXI-SWY7KpjrS4oeqhY/s2048/Tuti.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGDTEaRrR7JvkoBrf89p25UiW8NdV8YDYpmDlm77tvkw75cW0naXZiGltDFztXRNHsyvXoFd2Ln1wqmPFklZ07FQx7jXmHFQivtFtLJ9UU6Jtmthx_syeysvFEu0UCvz4SK40DDYEAK8PtiMuoMZzUxZYELb9V-JeL8-gwPxsCEXI-SWY7KpjrS4oeqhY/w400-h300/Tuti.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Meine kleine piemontesische Armee für HoW. - <i>My small Piedmont army for HoW. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /><i><br /></i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i><br /></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Denn dieser Herrscher weist gewisse Parallelen mit Friedrich II. auf. Überhaupt findet man außer ihm kaum einen militärischen Kommandeur seines Heeres, der eine größere Rolle gespielt hat. Der bedeutende General Aspremont ist ja bereits in der ersten großen Schlacht bei Camposanto 1743 gefallen [2]. Der noch berühmtere General Leutrum (1692-1755) [3] zeichnete sich zwar bei der Verteidigung von Cuneo 1744 als auch in anderen Fällen aus, hat aber nie ein größeres Heer selbstständig geführt. Von daher haben wir in Carlo Emanuele einen wahren Feldherren-König vor uns, der auch ähnlich Friedrich versuchte durch Gebietsgewinne und ein Manöverieren seines Staates zwischen den Großmächten sein Territorium nicht nur zu behaupten sondern auch an den Grenzen zu arrondieren. Sein Vater, Vittorio Amedeo (1666-1732), hatte erheblichen Einfluss auf den Verlauf des Spanischen Erbfolgekrieges. Mit dem Ländertausch war das Haus Piemont 1730 an den Besitz Sardiniens gekommen, welches topographisch dem Gebiet in Savoyen und im Piemont beiderseits der Alpen näher lag. Man erkennt sodann, dass der junge König während des Polnischen Thronfolgekrieges eine Art Gleichgewicht der Mächte erhalten wollte, auch wenn er sich auf die in Italien bald überlegene Seite der Bourbonen schlug. In diesem Krieg sammelte Carlo Emanuele zahlreiche Erfahrungen indem er bei den großen Schlachten von Quistello und Guastalla [4] persönlich anwesend war. Ebenso wie die englische Außenpolitik mit großem Aufwand bemüht war einen Friedensschluss zwischen Preußen und Österreich auch auf Kosten Maria Theresias zu erwirken, versuchte sich die französische Führung unbedingt den König von Sardinien-Piemont aus dem anti-bourbonischen Lager heraus zu lösen [5]. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr7u2y5n_OoCYbd1MIeROz6K2Ik2MIvZiPzyy4_pWjG6sLqJPqD5J8MKNBWYTcgXoRoEkCZdc1pBZdpEAuVVnNBn5bPmJK4t4UvILm_6VzuP9D5N18Two4fg_0YXvXx_5LHA2NhWREXhrx85vtYPoVRm7FMBntRm1XaNCbUf1qtg0ImXHRQ1_TmMh0Kfo/s2048/Cavaleria.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr7u2y5n_OoCYbd1MIeROz6K2Ik2MIvZiPzyy4_pWjG6sLqJPqD5J8MKNBWYTcgXoRoEkCZdc1pBZdpEAuVVnNBn5bPmJK4t4UvILm_6VzuP9D5N18Two4fg_0YXvXx_5LHA2NhWREXhrx85vtYPoVRm7FMBntRm1XaNCbUf1qtg0ImXHRQ1_TmMh0Kfo/w400-h300/Cavaleria.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Meine Kavallerie setzt sich aus zwei Brigaden an. Die Reiterregimenter bestehen aus Cavaleria di Savoia (links) und die Eliteeinheit Guardie del Corpo (rechts). Der General könnte Savoia, ein unehelicher Spross des Königshauses sein. - <i>My cavalry is composed of two brigades. The horse regiments are Cavaleria di Savoia (at the left) and an elite unit Guardie del Corpo (at the right). The general could be Savoia - an illegitimate son of the house of Savoy. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i>Because this ruler shows certain parallels with Frederick II. After all, apart from him, one hardly finds a military commander in his army who played a major role. The important general Aspremont fell in the first big battle at Camposanto in 1743 [2]. The even more famous General Leutrum (1692-1755) [3] distinguished himself in the defense of Cuneo in 1744 as well as in other cases, but never led a larger army independently. Therefore, in Carlo Emanuelle we have before us a true general-king, who, like Frederick, also tried not only to assert his territory by gaining territory and maneuvering his state between the great powers, but also to round off the borders. His father, Vittorio Amedeo (1666-1732), had a significant influence on the course of the War of the Spanish Succession. With the land swap in 1730, the House of Piedmont came into possession of Sardinia, which was topographically closer to the Savoy and Piedmont regions on both sides of the Alps. One then recognizes that the young king wanted to maintain a kind of balance of power during the War of the Polish Succession, even if he sided with the Bourbons, who soon became superior in Italy. In this war, Carlo Emanuele gained a lot of experience being personally present at the great battles of Quistello and Guastalla [4]. Just as English foreign policy tried with great effort to bring about a peace agreement between Prussia and Austria, also at the expense of Maria Theresa, the French leadership tried at all costs to free the king of Sardinia-Piedmont from the anti-Bourbon camp [5].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i> </i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i></i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJGsNIBEFPERMhE0HqO8a0766OQZN7BAfaxa7GcuI3W5lAqJ0ZejfeDq3AhIDCEfmnqzhu4ya-wAb2G6tjXMvXAQ2mulHOWFSiwz3SmmbbHqWY0NSfLsN0jqCZlPtrGlCxrJh94giMbtL1btvo6m9nr4Bf94RAmqep3Lx2AepyI_OGHPvLnf1m3m96xow/s2048/Leutrum.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJGsNIBEFPERMhE0HqO8a0766OQZN7BAfaxa7GcuI3W5lAqJ0ZejfeDq3AhIDCEfmnqzhu4ya-wAb2G6tjXMvXAQ2mulHOWFSiwz3SmmbbHqWY0NSfLsN0jqCZlPtrGlCxrJh94giMbtL1btvo6m9nr4Bf94RAmqep3Lx2AepyI_OGHPvLnf1m3m96xow/w400-h300/Leutrum.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ich versuchte General Leutrum (hier der Berittene mit dem Stein auf der Base) auch dabei zu haben. Da es scheinbar keine dezidierten Generalsuniformen gab, habe ich ihm die Uniform des Infanterieregiments Leutrum gegeben. -<i> I tried to have general Leutrum (here on horseback with the small stone on the base) myself. It seems to me that there was no specific uniform for generals and therefore I gave him the uniform of the Leutrum regiment of foot. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i><br /> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i> </i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOh0ekz-hKRTT3oubSAgNfJIA1QhoBcJjSdbLPFYfIchOAnBHyw67kq7ry1TGEEG9PJmUwxeU2se1dB6o9OlBVpwClSlZUaVB_kZsiHwczFheHX9BiPCtF_kUtG1pG5C0daeOA8vre5V9EClYzEcXfhnq03Qvoh8sRXYGAcyWcLMYIdxkky78eVRKCOUA/s2048/Guardia.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOh0ekz-hKRTT3oubSAgNfJIA1QhoBcJjSdbLPFYfIchOAnBHyw67kq7ry1TGEEG9PJmUwxeU2se1dB6o9OlBVpwClSlZUaVB_kZsiHwczFheHX9BiPCtF_kUtG1pG5C0daeOA8vre5V9EClYzEcXfhnq03Qvoh8sRXYGAcyWcLMYIdxkky78eVRKCOUA/w400-h300/Guardia.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die piemontesischen Garden (hier im Vordergrund) spielten eine entscheidende Rolle in der Schlacht bei Guastalla 1734. - <i>The Piedmont guards (here in the foreground) played a crucial role in the battle of Guastalla in 1734. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /><i><br /> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Piemont legte natürlich das Hauptaugenmerk auf die Verteidigung der Alpenpässe, die teilweise mit starken Festungen besetzt waren. Dazu wurde natürlich auch ein erheblicher Teil der Truppen verwendet. Am berühmtesten ist freilich die Schlacht bei Assietta von 1747 nicht zuletzt durch den Tod des Chevalier de Belle-Isle (1693-1747), die sich um starke Befestigungen entspann. Aber auch das Heer genoss einen guten Ruf und nicht umsonst bemühten sich die Kriegsparteien beider Seiten in der 1. Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts darum das Königreich auf ihre jeweilige Seite zu ziehen. Piemont setzte ebenso wie die Niederlande und das Königreich Neapel ganz massiv auf Fremdregiementer. Die Armee setzte sich grob gesagt aus Gardetruppen zu Fuß und zu Pferd, normalen Linientruppen und 10 Provinzregimentern zu Fuß sowie leichten Truppen zusammen. Diese zahlreichen Truppen wurden mehrfach zu dieser Zeit durch Serien von Uniformtafeln festgehalten. Vor allem eine Reihe von 1744 [6] und 1747 diente mir als Vorlage zur Bemalung meiner Figuren [7]. Ein paar Infos zur Armee findet man auch bei Weir [8]. In deutscher Sprache ist leider nur das Standardwerk aus Österreich mit brauchbaren Informationen über auch die kleineren Armeen des Österreichischen Erbfolgekrieges zu empfehlen [9]. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>Piedmont naturally put the main focus on defending the Alpine passes, some of which were manned by strong forts. Of course, a significant part of the troops was also used for this purpose. Of course, the most famous is the Battle of Assietta in 1747, not least due to the death of the Chevalier de Belle-Isle (1693-1747), which took place around strong fortifications. But the army also enjoyed a good reputation and it was not for nothing that the warring parties on both sides tried to win the kingdom over to their respective sides in the first half of the 18th century. Piedmont relied heavily on foreign regiments, as did the Netherlands and the Kingdom of Naples. Roughly speaking, the army consisted of Guardsmen on foot and on horseback, normal line troops and 10 provincial regiments of foot and light troops. These numerous troops were recorded several times at this time by series of uniform plaques. Above all, a series from 1744 [6] and 1747 served me as a model for painting my figures [7]. Some information about the army can also be found at Weir [8]. In German, unfortunately, only the standard work from Austria with useful information about the smaller armies of the War of the Austrian Succession can be recommended [9].</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhyjN3t9Wvz7BCrEKXtGnCedvkMYOWMBAvwB3U7YGHXUkK2fNQaYsk93mn4NyV94Eg_1FDRp9sH2KYgkMiyRcT6VdVt5pTmaaJI0ebm-uCal9luyI6OQrqZeFQQOpg1PB8aRt5Lwyca9pzD6xiOY8V0qFYTpd395WkXNJRRYqMTJwmzeAA1URrrTAZEeQ/s2048/Guardia%20del%20Corpo.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhyjN3t9Wvz7BCrEKXtGnCedvkMYOWMBAvwB3U7YGHXUkK2fNQaYsk93mn4NyV94Eg_1FDRp9sH2KYgkMiyRcT6VdVt5pTmaaJI0ebm-uCal9luyI6OQrqZeFQQOpg1PB8aRt5Lwyca9pzD6xiOY8V0qFYTpd395WkXNJRRYqMTJwmzeAA1URrrTAZEeQ/w400-h300/Guardia%20del%20Corpo.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die Guardie del Corpo in der roten Uniform. - <i>The Guardie del Corpo in the red uniform. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /><i><br /></i></span></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span></span></span></span></p><a name='more'></a><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><br /></i></span></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Die Kavallerie bestand aus einem Eliteregiment Leibgarde (Guardie del Corpo), welches äußerlich den Gendarmes de la Garde in Frankreich stark ähnelte, sowie zwei Reiterregiementern (Piemonte Reale und Savoia). Die Masse der berittenen Truppen bestand allerdings aus den 5 Dragonerregimentern (di SM, del Genevese, Piemonte, Sardegna & della Regina). Wie auch in Frankreich die Masse der Dragoner waren diese auch in Piemont in rot uniformiert, während die beiden schweren Regimenter blaue Uniformen trug. Auch wenn die Zahl der berittenen Truppen überschaubar war, so waren die Einheiten dafür ziemlich groß. Die Dragoner- und Reiterregimenter verfügten jeweils über 5 Eskadronen von jeweils 130 Mann, zählten also auf dem Papier 650 Mann. Dafür war die Guardie del Corpo nur 1 1/2 Eskadrons stark. Insgesamt soll die Kavallerie am Kriegsanfang 33 Eskadrons umfasst haben [10].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0M7IBvl30Hb4K0CWw5n3a-VA3Qr1irF1viMThQfMSHPLX1z1jx42FW7k0ga7J31dheKeg5PLGOFnnact_0Jn1rIO_jj0ABEONPO7f_qx4nKeHcW9LvE1qa-fKDKkl_4R7jvDdnqCPnTzm7h30Bc5gcVq9EOnJHEj4kzryTeZmVoVBTsiUDM7mtNq70oI/s2048/General%20di%20Cavaleria.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0M7IBvl30Hb4K0CWw5n3a-VA3Qr1irF1viMThQfMSHPLX1z1jx42FW7k0ga7J31dheKeg5PLGOFnnact_0Jn1rIO_jj0ABEONPO7f_qx4nKeHcW9LvE1qa-fKDKkl_4R7jvDdnqCPnTzm7h30Bc5gcVq9EOnJHEj4kzryTeZmVoVBTsiUDM7mtNq70oI/w400-h300/General%20di%20Cavaleria.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Der Kommandeur meiner anderen Brigade Berittener hat wie der König auch ein wenig Rüstung bekommen und beobachtet das Schlachtfeld. - <i>The commander of my second mounted brigade has some armour as has the king and is observing the battlefield. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>The cavalry consisted of an elite regiment of life guards (Guardie del Corpo), which externally resembled the Gendarmes de la Garde in France, and two cavalry regiments (Piemonte Reale and Savoia). The bulk of the mounted troops, however, consisted of the 5 dragoon regiments (ie SM, del Genevese, Piemonte, Sardegna & della Regina). Like the bulk of the dragoons in France, they were uniformed in red in Piedmont, while the two heavy regiments wore blue uniforms. Even if the number of mounted troops was manageable, the units were quite large. The dragoon and cavalry regiments each had 5 squadrons of 130 men each, so on paper they numbered 650 men. But the Guardie del Corpo was only 1 1/2 squadrons strong. Altogether the cavalry is said to have comprised 33 squadrons at the beginning of the war [10].</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixw6J3h_aQnQQSd4Cef2gUQ51FJauJT_-Wcm_WyuIC7umrt6vtypu8ZTNTJbjskI3ul_xlu-pUk7FIalcXcSjXKrMouDhqrNO_yNixwk73O8FaJq9hiKJM51rWIMnxD6nZhwW00RFmiTXh4ADdWb_G0cVNXPlbeYbo0QaQktvDjWc-dvUlsMw9YEDsCpI/s2048/Dragoni.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixw6J3h_aQnQQSd4Cef2gUQ51FJauJT_-Wcm_WyuIC7umrt6vtypu8ZTNTJbjskI3ul_xlu-pUk7FIalcXcSjXKrMouDhqrNO_yNixwk73O8FaJq9hiKJM51rWIMnxD6nZhwW00RFmiTXh4ADdWb_G0cVNXPlbeYbo0QaQktvDjWc-dvUlsMw9YEDsCpI/w400-h300/Dragoni.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ich habe die Dragoni di Piemonte (links) und die Dragoni di Savoia mit ihren weißen bzw. blauen Aufschlägen ausgesucht. - <i>I have chosen the Dragoni di Piemonte (left) and the Dragoni di Savoia (right) with their white and blue cuffs. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /><i><br /></i></span></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><br /></i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Die Infanterie bestand aus 30 Regimentern von denen 10 Fremdregimenter (Schulenburg, Kalbermatten, Andibert, Burgsdorf, Guibert, Roguin, Rheidt, Keller, Baden & Meyer), 10 Provinzregimenter (Chablais, Tarantasia, Torino, Mondovi, Asti, Pinerolo, Casale, Nizza, Aosta, Vercelli) und 10 gewöhnlichen Infanterieregimentern, wozu auch die Garde zu Fuß zählte (Guardie, Savoia, Monferrato, Piemonte, Saluzzo, Fucilleri, Marina, Sicilia, Regina, Lombardia) [11] . Während die nur zu Kriegszeiten ausgehobenen Provinzregimenter jeweils nur 1 Bataillon hatten, verfügten die anderen piemontesischen Regimenter über 2 Bataillone, während die Fremdregimenter zwischen 1 und 4 Bataillone stark waren [12]. Die Artillerie, die einen guten Ruf genoss, reihte sich unter den permanenten Regimentern ein und hatte eine blaue Uniform, während die piemontesische Linieninfanter außer La Marina weiße Uniformen mit verschiedenfarbigen Aufschlägen, Westen, Hosen und Rockfuttern hatte. Die deutschen und schweizerischen Fremdregimenter hatten blaue Uniformen; nur das aus Graubünden stammende Regiment Reydt eine rote Uniform [13]. Bei 40.800 Mann Soll-Stärke der Infanterie war diese in Relation zur Kavallerie mit nur 1.690 Mann verhältnismäßig deutlich zahlreicher als in anderen europäischen Armeen [14]. Vielleicht erklärt sich dies durch die besondere Topographie und den Schwerpunkt Piemonts auf die Verteidigung von Festungen anstatt großer Feldschlachten.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIaqpFcWUNjMAh8d6zGPMT_c07hNp9WvAHRB5WgDfaT7lbiMCwT7ADhdv-hgQJPgaMyONUmbASVhLcDFeM9aEbaQxHHwYCnqKP_KAys_oWsvkMz-eG-ZPnR5XLgc6iPbIQfA2dJI3yUZIu2IfLDoZPLLUlddno1Jo5iUU7q5HgOTJLxgzNrsL9c_DyYaY/s2048/Infanteria%201.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIaqpFcWUNjMAh8d6zGPMT_c07hNp9WvAHRB5WgDfaT7lbiMCwT7ADhdv-hgQJPgaMyONUmbASVhLcDFeM9aEbaQxHHwYCnqKP_KAys_oWsvkMz-eG-ZPnR5XLgc6iPbIQfA2dJI3yUZIu2IfLDoZPLLUlddno1Jo5iUU7q5HgOTJLxgzNrsL9c_DyYaY/w400-h300/Infanteria%201.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hier sieht man die Hälfte meiner Infanterie in einem Treffen: Grenadiere (links), Artillerie, zwei Bataillone Linieninfanterie und dann wieder Artillerie (rechts). Das rot uniformierte Regiment La Marina habe ich in die Mitte gesetzt. - <i>Here you can see half of my infantry in one line: grenadiers (left), artillery, two batallions of line infantry and again artillery (right). The red uniformed La Marina regiment is positioned in the center. (photo: André Hanselmann)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMpWLCcRwDAXRcvNmODw9MnkvX0zOjz2sY0qI04AsI7JdUiRc2Ywm103wevvRu4z3eScSQuehOdaHmS735HQ206xrkLu1i_cEIjQGd2sGSnqIAELMHOrckEuubdpiKEs6nTM4Ra0z9Ar-9709CDWhAb4iBki2yWmkxWAXQlr0x_n6P7cSYIoLxgAa5lic/s2048/General%20Infanteria%202.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMpWLCcRwDAXRcvNmODw9MnkvX0zOjz2sY0qI04AsI7JdUiRc2Ywm103wevvRu4z3eScSQuehOdaHmS735HQ206xrkLu1i_cEIjQGd2sGSnqIAELMHOrckEuubdpiKEs6nTM4Ra0z9Ar-9709CDWhAb4iBki2yWmkxWAXQlr0x_n6P7cSYIoLxgAa5lic/w400-h300/General%20Infanteria%202.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hier noch ein deutlicheres Bild von La Marina. Der General meiner anderen Infanteriebrigade nutzt sein Fernrohr. - <i>Here a better picture of the La Marina regiment. The general of the other brigade of foot is using his telescope. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i>The infantry consisted of 30 regiments of which 10 foreign regiments (Schulenburg, Kalbermatten, Andibert, Burgsdorf, Guibert, Roguin, Rheidt, Keller, Baden & Meyer), 10 provincial regiments (Chablais, Tarantasia, Torino, Mondovi, Asti, Pinerolo, Casale, Nice , Aosta, Vercelli) and 10 ordinary infantry regiments, including the foot guard (Guardie, Savoia, Monferrato, Piemonte, Saluzzo, Fucilleri, Marina, Sicilia, Regina, Lombardia) [11] . While the provincial regiments, which were only raised during wartime, each had only 1 battalion, the other Piedmontese regiments had 2 battalions, while the foreign regiments had between 1 and 4 battalions [12]. The artillery, which enjoyed a good reputation, ranked among the permanent regiments and had a blue uniform, while the Piedmontese line infantry, except for La Marina, had white uniforms with different colored lapels, waistcoats, trousers and skirt linings. The German and Swiss foreign regiments had blue uniforms; only the Reydt regiment from Graubünden wore a red uniform [13]. With a target strength of 40,800 infantry in relation to the cavalry with only 1,690 men, this was relatively significantly more numerous than in other European armies [14]. Perhaps this is explained by Piedmont's particular topography and emphasis on defending fortresses rather than large field battles.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i></i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp491WGfXLEDv5RcTsynqibzqPrYBY4eqk6JuoUud8KXcDqfYaTBJ0sttmpl7LTHqQmG6wT0yXvWv-vGNkooXAN3FrAljb2bu5rDFKm7qpC-FvDkbYTZnpmo8gnkG9zQ0yPHPzPTwxtNwd73NzXYC7pZibjjwC9EQSMvaKt1WsQT7sD26j8Vb7rbNY61A/s2048/Guardia%202.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp491WGfXLEDv5RcTsynqibzqPrYBY4eqk6JuoUud8KXcDqfYaTBJ0sttmpl7LTHqQmG6wT0yXvWv-vGNkooXAN3FrAljb2bu5rDFKm7qpC-FvDkbYTZnpmo8gnkG9zQ0yPHPzPTwxtNwd73NzXYC7pZibjjwC9EQSMvaKt1WsQT7sD26j8Vb7rbNY61A/w400-h300/Guardia%202.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die zweite Linie meiner Infanterie. Im Vordergrund die Garde, dahinter das Provinzregiment Torino und dahinter das deutsche Fremdregiment Baden. - <i>The second line of my infantry. In the foreground you can see the guards and the provincial Torino regiment behind and the German foreign regiment Baden in the background. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i><br /> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i></i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC9dqK7FPvsmfbqlfaPjboiV4eeL2lZK17VC25c18oOtLS9I5zrPsvW9tXY6Bzm0qOyhoejUFRP37uvr8yq4WqvAmSUiNKyxxmUEcBoFb08hImnMITfT54MLJ50B7t4jnNu73NtjEKZeZkr7eXxqmdVFo8H0mAPXBipTzcs-2eW0bcv5iJGht5jExNBnI/s2048/Bad%20Durl%20Inf.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC9dqK7FPvsmfbqlfaPjboiV4eeL2lZK17VC25c18oOtLS9I5zrPsvW9tXY6Bzm0qOyhoejUFRP37uvr8yq4WqvAmSUiNKyxxmUEcBoFb08hImnMITfT54MLJ50B7t4jnNu73NtjEKZeZkr7eXxqmdVFo8H0mAPXBipTzcs-2eW0bcv5iJGht5jExNBnI/w400-h300/Bad%20Durl%20Inf.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Das Regiment Baden ähnelt von der Uniform her der Garde. Eine der Fahnen zeigt das Wappen des Hauses Baden. - <i>The uniform of the Baden regiment is very much looking like the uniform of the Guards. One of the flags is showing the coat of arms of the house of Baden. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><i><br /> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNr-mXZ3W31GPdV7otuk15YT9XTLu3NKW8aZzu2QFc02f3_FZpnQD75__WFzqnNIvovBsv9H35omNybKoGOHOUcIQCYoZ5l7f8E1SuFWi-3QPgwpMnCkWs4_YMQw5HeZ-5V_eAxitj0geX0hAuvn_PXiJ4OYFxVn72sd0MPTimoLnObwuStM5FEUco1Zg/s2048/Grenadiere.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNr-mXZ3W31GPdV7otuk15YT9XTLu3NKW8aZzu2QFc02f3_FZpnQD75__WFzqnNIvovBsv9H35omNybKoGOHOUcIQCYoZ5l7f8E1SuFWi-3QPgwpMnCkWs4_YMQw5HeZ-5V_eAxitj0geX0hAuvn_PXiJ4OYFxVn72sd0MPTimoLnObwuStM5FEUco1Zg/w400-h300/Grenadiere.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Am linken Flügel des zweiten Treffens sind die Grenadiere des Regiments Baden und von Torino. - <i>At the left wing of the second line are the grenadiers of the Baden and Torino regiments. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /><i><br /></i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Daneben gab es aus den Gebieten der Waldenser auch immer wieder leichte Truppen (Vaudois), welche die Rückzugs- und Versorgungswege der französischen und spanischen Armeen bedrohten oder angriffen. In der Schlacht bei Bassignana sollen die spanischen sogenannten Miquelets wegen ihrer besseren Gewehre mit zum Teil gezogenen Läufen den leichten piemontesischen Truppen gegenüber im Vorteil gewesen sein [15]. Ähnlich wie im Spanischen Erbfolgekrieg hatten die Vaudois wohl noch immer braune Uniformen mit Dreispitzen. Vielleicht waren die "Micheletti Sardi", die im österreichischen Standardwerk nicht erwähnt wurden aber bei Weir auftauchen [16], auch ähnlich leichten Truppen, da sie als sardinische Miliz den Kampf in schwierigem Gelände wahrscheinlich gewohnt waren. Doch waren die "Micheletti Sardi" auch nur 80 Mann stark, während die "Vaudois" in Kompanien von jeweils 100 Mann Stärke dienten.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzuQAukvEZtFlS6dWXSoA6pOnoPqjcLz85xchvIyHvzQQU_F8rcTXBmIgv8pQUykTRok5eNbmy9_yUf8fH3FJYVq8XRdC0mJhhv_1D0tqFUu5BYGY-JiuqZgFPNn5OiIs_hGM7VAUzhqnJfP9bWS4HF7zrPApsElbmUxzHZKd4gq4vNb-joAzrxKsUuWQ/s2048/Waldenser%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzuQAukvEZtFlS6dWXSoA6pOnoPqjcLz85xchvIyHvzQQU_F8rcTXBmIgv8pQUykTRok5eNbmy9_yUf8fH3FJYVq8XRdC0mJhhv_1D0tqFUu5BYGY-JiuqZgFPNn5OiIs_hGM7VAUzhqnJfP9bWS4HF7zrPApsElbmUxzHZKd4gq4vNb-joAzrxKsUuWQ/w400-h300/Waldenser%201.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die charakteristischen leichten Truppen waren die sogenannten Vaudois. Ich habe mich bemüht die Truppe möglichst bunt darzustellen. - <i>The so called Vaudois were the typical light troops. I tried to make them colourful. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>In addition, there were always light troops (Vaudois) from the Waldensian areas, which threatened or attacked the retreat and supply routes of the French and Spanish armies. In the Battle of Bassignana, the Spanish so-called miquelets are said to have had an advantage over the light Piedmontese troops because of their better rifles with rifled barrels [15]. </i></span></span><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Similar to the War of the Spanish Succession, the Vaudois probably still had brown uniforms with tricornes. Perhaps the "Micheletti Sardi", which were not mentioned in the Austrian standard work but appear in Weir [16], were also similarly light troops, since as Sardinian militia they were probably used to fighting in difficult terrain. However, the "Micheletti Sardi" were only 80 men strong, while the "Vaudois" served in companies of 100 men each.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i></i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim6iUKu9zmajhp1rV_pDpS1dwlsX_iIrKlXsjbQ24tkBQehp24rkIdmXfCkmEWeSX7O67DcLbO9s3ihkgWrw7NCkiSBkAqftKqVR-D7tbPcSKQiICAC0-ZFCng4tPhAxXBR-7Xo-k-RnZ9W2UBKXX0sskY2F-SyxS_yT8ktWPMCfxVaLn8605sROdB7Rg/s2048/Artilleria.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim6iUKu9zmajhp1rV_pDpS1dwlsX_iIrKlXsjbQ24tkBQehp24rkIdmXfCkmEWeSX7O67DcLbO9s3ihkgWrw7NCkiSBkAqftKqVR-D7tbPcSKQiICAC0-ZFCng4tPhAxXBR-7Xo-k-RnZ9W2UBKXX0sskY2F-SyxS_yT8ktWPMCfxVaLn8605sROdB7Rg/w400-h300/Artilleria.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ein Artillerist und ein Infanterist bedienen hier eines der piemontesischen leichten Geschütze. Leider habe ich nur wenige Infos über die Artillerie von Piemont. Wie bei den Figuren musste ich auch improvisieren. - <i>The artillerymen and a infantry soldier are working at a light Piedmont gun. Unfortunately I have little information about the artillery of Piedmont. I had to improvise as I had to do with all figures. (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><br /> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ähnlich wie Kursachsen [17] setzte auch Sardinien-Piemont wiederholt beinahe das gesamte Heer in einzelnen Schlachten wie bei Madonna dell'Olmo und Bassignana und damit ein entscheidendes Machtmittel mit dem Risiko ein es zu verlieren.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQhwUV50fjZogSKNaB5d8plGanj6FYcpVENv39ZKs8_cIZmorSPIeRe8Vn5sKdb_chPgs9mno44SuOVt_nEqSmgBVnlCvTAiqMmkSes9QO31IvcXFYAr9Eq-PS53VjbFpg_64iSOwr8c2fnPf46PnIE9lyRASQTvgPccy9-YIb0zCAxvgqhep76TuU6M8/s2048/Tuti%202.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQhwUV50fjZogSKNaB5d8plGanj6FYcpVENv39ZKs8_cIZmorSPIeRe8Vn5sKdb_chPgs9mno44SuOVt_nEqSmgBVnlCvTAiqMmkSes9QO31IvcXFYAr9Eq-PS53VjbFpg_64iSOwr8c2fnPf46PnIE9lyRASQTvgPccy9-YIb0zCAxvgqhep76TuU6M8/w400-h300/Tuti%202.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die Infanterie [18] besteht meistens aus Figuren von Revell (Österreichische Infanterie für den Siebenjährigen Krieg). Die Kavallerie stammt ebenso wie die Generale von Strelets und stammt aus Sets für verschiedene Staaten. - <i>For the infantry I mostly used figures by Revell (Austrian infantry for the SYW). The cavalry is from Strelets consisting of sets from different nations (from their WSS-range). (photo: André Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>Similar to Electoral Saxony [17], Sardinia-Piedmont repeatedly employed almost the entire army in individual battles, such as at Madonna dell'Olmo and Bassignana, and thus used a decisive means of power with the risk of losing it.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Fotos: André Hanselmann</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Notizen/<i>Notes:</i><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">1) Lehrbuch Geschichte, Klasse 7, Volk und Wissen, Volkseigener Verlag, 1990</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2) siehe: <span style="text-align: left;">https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2023/02/camposanto-821743.html</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">3) Karl Sigmund Friedrich Wilhelm Leutrum von Ertingen.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">4) Dazu vorraussichtlich mehr im nächsten Jahr. - <i>Maybe more about it next year.<br /></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">5) </span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;">Reed Browning: </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">„The war of the Austrian Succession“ St. Martin’s Press, 1995, S. 144<br /></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">6) "Livre de l'uniforme des Regiments d'Infanterie au service de S.M. le Roi de Sardaigne" 1744</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">7) "Livre de l'uniforme des Troupes Reglées de S.M. avec les drapeaux, étendards ou guidons de chaque troupes" 1747, siehe auch hier: </span></span></span><span style="text-align: left;">http://www.bandieresabaude.it/Bandiere031.html</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">8) </span><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px; border: 0px; margin: 0px; max-height: 1000000px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Ian Weir: "Queens Gambit - The War in Italy 1742-1748 Historical Commentary" Red Sash Games, 2006, p. 51<br /></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">9) "Das Wehrwesen Sardiniens" in: Direction des k. und k. Kriegsarchivs (Hrsg.): "Oesterreichischer Erbfolge-Krieg 1740-1748" 1. Band, L.W. Seidel & Sohn, Wien, 1896, S. 661-662 </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">10) ebenda S. 662</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">11) Die Bezeichnungen änderten sich immer wieder. So erhielt General Leutrum beispielsweise später ein Infanterieregiment. - <i>The designation was changed again and again. General Leutrum for example later got a regiment of infantry.<br /></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">12) "Das Wehrwesen Sardiniens" S. 661</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">13) Uniformen nach: </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;">"Livre de l'uniforme des Regiments d'Infanterie au service de S.M. le Roi de Sardaigne" 1744</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;">14) "Das Wehrwesen Sardiniens" S. 661-662</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;">15) Quelle: </span><span style="text-align: left;">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_de_Bassignana_(1745)</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">16) Ian Weir p. 51 <br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">17) <i>At Kesselsdorf on December 15th 1745</i> - Bei Kesselsdorf am 15. Dezember 1745.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">18) Alle Figuren sind im Maßstab 1:72. -<i> All miniatures are in the 1/72 scale.</i> <br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-14556314457483147232023-11-10T12:16:00.000-08:002024-01-09T01:52:37.032-08:00Liedgut für das 17. Jh. - Songs for the 17th century<p style="text-align: justify;">Durch ein Video auf Youtube [1] bin ich auf das Thema gestoßen welches Liedgut wir für unsere Veranstaltungen aussuchen. Es ist tatsächlich bei uns in Wackershofen auf unseren "Landleben"-Veranstaltungen so, dass einige wenige zeitgenössische Lieder aus dem 16./17. Jh. singen, während das andere weniger interessiert, bzw. weniger praktizieren. Für unsere Teilnehmer stellen wir 2 Liederbücher zur Verfügung mit Liedern, welche zu unserer Veranstaltung passen [2]. Wie sind wir da vorgegangen? Vorrangig ich selbst habe Lust auf eine möglichst mehrdimensionale Darstellung der Epoche. Die Menschen damals haben einfach nicht nur geatmet und gegessen und gesöldnert (sic.!). Sie haben gearbeitet, aber auch gefeiert wozu Tanz, Musik und eben auch Singen dazu gehört. Die zahlreichen überlieferten Liedersammlungen aus der Zeit z.B. von P. Fabricius [3] dokumentieren den Reichtum an Liedgut. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Through a video on YouTube [1] I came across the topic of which songs we choose for our events. It is actually the case here in Wackershofen at our "Landleben" events that a few contemporary songs from the 16th/17th century are played. Century sing, while others are less interested or practice less. For our participants we provide 2 songbooks with songs that suit our event [2]. How did we go about it? I am primarily interested in a representation of the era that is as multi-dimensional as possible. People back then didn't just breathe and eat and mercenary (sic.!). They worked, but also celebrated, which included dancing, music and singing. The numerous surviving song collections from the time of P. Fabricius [3], for example, document the wealth of songs.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgziMVU-K8JLde2XBVlBg-NzJOiD-XsKHCdGuvj-lDil0V6cwC9wkIiX3mnLybqY74Amy5zvZk5vrN0EhcJTI1NJ3ZIVlMQ0ToMlemAzCPSYjV28HpsE2NvdjZPHf2RzetuPI5158QoPSoAASJOU_wlL6GixxlydVbMWf0eF8KYlIIiB0wDak6fmJY9gRA/s1024/DSC_0082Winter.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="681" data-original-width="1024" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgziMVU-K8JLde2XBVlBg-NzJOiD-XsKHCdGuvj-lDil0V6cwC9wkIiX3mnLybqY74Amy5zvZk5vrN0EhcJTI1NJ3ZIVlMQ0ToMlemAzCPSYjV28HpsE2NvdjZPHf2RzetuPI5158QoPSoAASJOU_wlL6GixxlydVbMWf0eF8KYlIIiB0wDak6fmJY9gRA/w400-h266/DSC_0082Winter.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Im Schulunterricht wird natürlich auch gesungen. - <i>Naturally in the school we are singing too. (photo: Stefan Winter, 2019)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>Als ich Lieder für unsere Veranstaltungen in Wackershofen gesucht habe, bemühte ich mich um folgende Kriterien:<p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">1. Passend für die Epoche, d.h. nicht nach 1623 entstanden.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2. Melodie vorhanden, idealerweise mit Einspielung [4], damit man es nachsingen kann, wenn keine Kenntnisse im Notenlesen vorhanden sind.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">3. Möglichst vielfältige Themen wie Soldatenlieder, Kirchenlieder [5], Arbeitslieder zu Themen wie Ernte, Dreschen usw. oder auch Trinklieder.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">4. Gut singbar [6].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">When I was looking for songs for our events in Wackershofen, I tried to use the following criteria:</span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">1. Appropriate for the era, i.e. not made after 1623.</span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">2. Melody available, ideally with a recording [4] so that you can sing it if you have no knowledge of reading music.</span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">3. Topics as varied as possible, such as soldiers' songs, church songs [5], work songs on topics such as harvesting, threshing, etc. or even drinking songs.</span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">4. Easy to sing [6].</span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwtrJ8dOZkbLd4QTsiNOqxGBvlp2ijyieotrR3HMKw6cRvEyu7aGH8Yq8ny0Rb7bLlB8iWodfaXEcMwLEeGjuktutbESYaRtoA0O9uSI8qpV2soRqdKNxiCMEmRbDmYAuN_a2ZpREVw7syO7Kk_OSJapGjpas6R4Edm7qMxaqOvmyHCLaPDExhcq_3Fio/s677/Screenshot%202023-11-09%20221234.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="677" data-original-width="461" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwtrJ8dOZkbLd4QTsiNOqxGBvlp2ijyieotrR3HMKw6cRvEyu7aGH8Yq8ny0Rb7bLlB8iWodfaXEcMwLEeGjuktutbESYaRtoA0O9uSI8qpV2soRqdKNxiCMEmRbDmYAuN_a2ZpREVw7syO7Kk_OSJapGjpas6R4Edm7qMxaqOvmyHCLaPDExhcq_3Fio/s320/Screenshot%202023-11-09%20221234.png" width="218" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Titelblatt unseres Liederbuches. - <i>Titlepage of our song book. (copyright: André Hanselmann)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><br /><span><a name='more'></a></span><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Für mich selber ist es so, dass man um historische Lieder nicht drum rum kommt. Die Quellen, welche auch dokumentieren wie sangfreudig die Deutschen waren sind dafür zu bezeichnend. Es gibt ja für das 18.Jh. sogar ganz exakt auf Schwäbisch Hall bezogene Quellen, welche die Liedkultur in der Reichsstadt dokumentieren [7] [8]. Wenn es keine sangfreudigen Menschen gegeben hätte, wären ja auch keine Liedblätter bzw. Liedersammlungen erschienen.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>For me, it's the case that you can't avoid historical songs. The sources that also document how happy the Germans were to sing are too telling. There are for the 18th century. even sources that are specifically related to Schwäbisch Hall, which document the song culture in the imperial city [7] [8]. If there had been no people who loved to sing, no song sheets or song collections would have appeared.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYpcB99s2YG6G-FtPxQyCSbx6bsOLUJBodUe6CNFwvUsCIN4Z0GsQbSZdQE-orDXFK8H7_99HKwUWmVC1o-NhLlB20ZbbXeCQG1EEHC9U_do6p-J9Zes9_06n-jIk5rthks3H_TzFAgWlNhBiYZi-An5Z5Wwzl7mkYjlhkUOqp1JXvlSWn29a5aIarQA0/s4032/20220416_235139.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1816" data-original-width="4032" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYpcB99s2YG6G-FtPxQyCSbx6bsOLUJBodUe6CNFwvUsCIN4Z0GsQbSZdQE-orDXFK8H7_99HKwUWmVC1o-NhLlB20ZbbXeCQG1EEHC9U_do6p-J9Zes9_06n-jIk5rthks3H_TzFAgWlNhBiYZi-An5Z5Wwzl7mkYjlhkUOqp1JXvlSWn29a5aIarQA0/w400-h180/20220416_235139.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wirtshausstube auf unserer Landleben 1622 Veranstaltung. In Wirtshäusern wird natürlich viel gesungen, so auch an diesem Abend. Hier sind wir aber gerade beim Spielen. - <i>The tavern on our Landleben 1622 event. There was a lot of singing in taverns as we did in that evening. Although here we are gambling. (photo: Cecilia Hanselmann, 2022)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bei mir persönlich ist es so, dass mich bestimmte Lieder besonders ansprechen. Da sind zum einen die ziemlich symbolistischen, geheimnisvollen Lieder wie "Es liegt ein Schloss in Österreich" [9] wovon es glücklicherweise auch eine sehr schöne Einspielung gibt [10]. Zum anderen gefallen mir Lieder, die eine klare eventuell sogar realistische Geschichte erzählen wie "Ich kam für einer Frau Wirthin Haus" [11] von dem ich nur eine Einspielung kenne [12]. Das Lied untermauert wie kaum ein anderes aus der Zeit die Tragik des Söldnertums zwischen Reichtum und Elend indem der für wohlhabend gehaltene einzelne "Schwartenhals" [13] zuerst hoffiert und dann, als man seine Armut erkennt, in die Scheune gesteckt wird. Schließlich entpuppt er sich, da auf sich allein gestellt, als sogenannter Gartknecht, der auf Straßenraub ausgeht. Die zeitgenössischen Land- und Dorfordnungen warnten dezidiert vor sogenannten Land- und Gartknechten, denen man als braver Landmann keinen Zugang zum eigenen Haus verschaffen und keine Beute abkaufen sollte [14]. Die Deutung mancher Lieder fällt um so schwerer, da wir nichtmal die Autoren ausfindig machen können, sondern maximal die ersten Abdrucke kennen und es oft zweifelhaft ist, dass der damals angegebene Autor das Lied an sich auch geschrieben oder nur abgeschrieben hat.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202124; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>For me personally, certain songs particularly appeal to me. On the one hand, there are the rather symbolistic, mysterious songs like "Es liegt ein Schloss in Österreich" [9], of which there is fortunately a very nice recording [10]. On the other hand, I like songs that tell a clear, perhaps even realistic story, such as "I came for a woman's host house" [11], of which I only know one recording [12]. The song, like no other from the time, underlines the tragedy of mercenaryism between wealth and misery in that the individual "Schwartenhals" [13], who is considered wealthy, is first hoped for and then, when his poverty is recognized, is put in the barn. Ultimately, since he's on his own, he turns out to be a so-called Gartknecht who is out for street robbery. The contemporary country and village regulations clearly warned against so-called "Lands-" and "Gartknechte", from whom, as a good farmer, you should not give access to your own house or buy any loot [14]. The interpretation of some songs is all the more difficult because we cannot even find the authors, but only know the first impressions and it is often doubtful that the author stated at the time actually wrote the song or only copied it.</i></span></span></p><p><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p><b>Fotos: Stefan Winter, Cecilia Hanselmann, André Hanselmann</b><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Notiz / <i>Notice</i>:</p><p>1) Virtual Fechtschule: "Landsknecht songs: seperating myths from history" </p><p class="MsoNormal">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=obyJ9HuIJnY<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">2) "Liederbuch des Hallischen Trinkbrueders." 2022, "Zweytes schönes Liederbüchelein des Haller Trinkbrueders" 2022<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal">3) Petrus Fabricius: "Lautenbuch" 1603, siehe auch Volksliederarchiv (Bremen) </p><p class="MsoNormal">https://www.volksliederarchiv.de/lexikon/fabricius/<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">4) idealerweise historisch informierte Einspielungen von sogenannten Alte Musik Ensembles (nicht moderne Militärmusik) wie - <i>idealy historical informed recordings from so-called Old Music groupes (not modern military music) such as</i>: Convivium Musicum & Ensemble Vilanella: "Tugend und Untugend - German Secular Songs and Instrumental Music from the Time of Luther" NAXOS, 1995</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">5) Da sind zeitgenössische Flugblätter/Liederblätter zahlreich übermittelt. - <i>There are many prints and pages with songs still existing.</i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">6) Das stellt sich immer erst mit den Jahren heraus. Manches aus unseren 18.Jh. Liederbüchern wird bis heute nicht gesungen, da zu eintönig oder schwierig. - <i>Songs proving good after years. Some songs from our 18th century songbooks are not much sung because they are too difficult or boring.</i><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">7) "Ein klägliches Lied so Georg Michael Schönmann einer von denen so im Hällischen die Reichs-Post berauben helffen in seinem Gefängniß allhier in Hall gemacht." Schwäb. Hall, 1752, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">8) Kirchenlieder von Johann Balthasar Beyschlag in:<span style="font-family: inherit;"> <span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">„Centifolia melica oder hundertblättrige Liederrose“ Nürnberg, 1709</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">9) Volkslied 15. Jahrhundert,<i> folksong 15th century</i></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">10) "Es leit ein Schloss in Österreich" vom Album "Hildebrandston - 17th century German songs" Ferrara Ensemble dir. Crawford Young</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">11) als "Ich ging vor ein'r Frau Wirthin Haus" in: Melchior Frank: "Opusculum etlicher newer und alter Reuterliedlein" Nürnberg, 1603, bei Konrad Baur / auch schon bei Georg Forster: "frische teutsche Liedlein" Band 3, Nürnberg 1549<span style="font-family: inherit;"> (</span></span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">Der dritte theyl schöner lieblicher alter und newer Teutscher Liedlein, nicht alleine zu singen sondern auch auff allerley Instrumenten zu brauchen … und vormals nie gesehen</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">. Nürnberg 1549)</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #202122; font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white;">Dass das Werk in mehreren Auflagen erschien, verdeutlicht die Popularität.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #202122; font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white;"><i>The song was published under different titles and the first print of the song by Forster (1549) had several reprints. That underlines the popularity of the song.</i></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">12) "Der Schwartenhalß - Schöne alte Landsknechtslieder" Wendelin Müller-Blatthau dir. Collegium Cantorum Universität Saarbrücken, Bella Musica Edition, 2013 </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">13) Bezeichnung für prassenden Söldner. - <i>Contemporary word for feasting (too much drinking etc.) mercenaries.</i></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">14) in "Hällische Landts- und Dorffsordtnung" undatiert (frühes 18. Jh.) Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall Sig. HV II / 18</span></span></p><span><!--more--></span><span><!--more--></span></div>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-5564071979853976632023-11-05T04:02:00.000-08:002023-11-05T04:02:23.520-08:00Historiker von nebenan / Historians alongside: Sophia Brandus P 2<p>Hier kommt nun Teil 2 unseres Interviews mit der Autorin Sophia Brandus.</p><p><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Gibt es
aktuell ein Thema, worüber Du recherchierst und warum? Ich zum Beispiel überlege
mir, was als Ausrüstung für mich als Landmann zu meiner Arkebuse passt.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Is there a current topic that you are researching and why? For example, I'm thinking about what equipment would suit my arquebus as a farmer.</i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus: <b>In Bezug auf
die Geschichte habe ich mich zuletzt mit Details zu Band 3 beschäftigt,
darunter fallen Straßburg und Paris, der Besuch Herzog Bernhards in Paris, usw.
Außerdem beschäftigte ich mich gerade mit dem parallel verlaufenden 80-jährigen
Krieg in den Niederlanden. Die internationalen Verbindungen der Zeit sind ein
sehr spannendes Thema. Das Problem in Anbetracht stets knapper Zeit ist, das
richtige Maß zu finden, also was braucht es tatsächlich an Wissen, um die
Geschichte weiterzuschreiben. Generell immer halte ich nach allgemeinen Themen
Ausschau, um das Wissen über Fragestellungen wie z.B. Gebrauchsgegenstände,
Kleidung, alltäglichen Umgang, Glaube und Denkweise zu erweitern. Es wird nie
langweilig, im Gegenteil, je mehr man lernt, desto spannender wird es.</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Sophia Brandus: <b>In terms of history, I recently dealt with details about Volume 3, including Strasbourg and Paris, Duke Bernhard's visit to Paris, etc. I was also currently dealing with the parallel 80 Years' War in the Netherlands . The international connections of the time are a very exciting topic. The problem, given that time is always limited, is finding the right balance, i.e. what knowledge is actually needed to continue writing the story. In general, I always look for general topics in order to expand knowledge on issues such as everyday objects, clothing, everyday interactions, beliefs and ways of thinking. It never gets boring, on the contrary, the more you learn, the more exciting it becomes.</b></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6txtAUjBiw1fHqAOZFwu_gJLoHlp224829rFM081lsB7F8PB8jf1dSIUbztTA5xxg7EEZBKxR_qzO6Q-VvId7X5pffJPw0jDXHVuHfjhEsbWIxdUgSRtI2fmtB0ck-uLRgkbGuQ441OzyqGCGlRcBxcwLd4WJa4VTiRBh9tk1EVP5BOHu5Sd_7G_LbEA/s2765/Sophia%20Brandus%2014.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2765" data-original-width="2454" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6txtAUjBiw1fHqAOZFwu_gJLoHlp224829rFM081lsB7F8PB8jf1dSIUbztTA5xxg7EEZBKxR_qzO6Q-VvId7X5pffJPw0jDXHVuHfjhEsbWIxdUgSRtI2fmtB0ck-uLRgkbGuQ441OzyqGCGlRcBxcwLd4WJa4VTiRBh9tk1EVP5BOHu5Sd_7G_LbEA/w355-h400/Sophia%20Brandus%2014.jpg" width="355" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Schönes Interieur. - <i>Very nice interior. (photo: Sophia Brandus)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Praktisch
überall läuft man ja dem Dreißigjährigen Krieg über den Weg. In Nürnberg fand
ich es überraschend, dass man auf der Kaiserburg dazu aufgefordert wurde durch
ein Fenster zu gucken um den Ort von Wallensteins Lager von 1632 zu entdecken.
Gibt es für Dich Orte an denen man die Zeit Deiner Romane besonders gut
nachempfinden kann?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> You come across the Thirty Years' War practically everywhere. In Nuremberg I found it surprising that at the imperial castle you were asked to look through a window to discover the location of Wallenstein's camp from 1632. Are there places where you can particularly relate to the time of your novels?</i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus: <b>Besonders
berühren mich Orte, welche die in der Romanreihe auftretenden historischen oder
fiktiven Persönlichkeiten tatsächlich besucht haben. Ein Beispiel ist Schloss
Beuggen in Rheinfelden. Dort hatte Herzog Bernhard im Jahre 1638 sein
Hauptquartier. Außerdem liebe ich Orte, die durch ihren historischen Charakter inspirieren,
z.B. Freilichtmuseen, gut erhaltenen Altstädte, als Museen zugängliche alte
Häuser, Schlösser usw.</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Sophia Brandus:<b> I am particularly moved by places that the historical or fictional characters appearing in the novel series actually visited. An example is Beuggen Castle in Rheinfelden. Duke Bernhard had his headquarters there in 1638. I also love places that inspire through their historical character, e.g. open-air museums, well-preserved old towns, old houses accessible as museums, castles, etc.</b></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM6ffAUhyphenhyphen8MEewycDR41A_O7zBQvrWvwxZew7EOVrA5QTflAwsJoKb64H52gYdwq-cileWbDldwIUuLlZCCyeuLqPGD_DldJtJhrXR5llQFYpII8XaZ1JHpVKiBOShrTDSY94VY435gB-qkDx3BN7sXW23w-jeXZZZJYt9N7h1LxeOVQhyRdNez6w9Gmc/s4000/Sophia%20Brandus%2020.heic" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="3000" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM6ffAUhyphenhyphen8MEewycDR41A_O7zBQvrWvwxZew7EOVrA5QTflAwsJoKb64H52gYdwq-cileWbDldwIUuLlZCCyeuLqPGD_DldJtJhrXR5llQFYpII8XaZ1JHpVKiBOShrTDSY94VY435gB-qkDx3BN7sXW23w-jeXZZZJYt9N7h1LxeOVQhyRdNez6w9Gmc/w300-h400/Sophia%20Brandus%2020.heic" width="300" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nichts geht über die zeitlich passende Architektur. - <i>Nothing better then buildings from the period. (photo: Sophia Brandus)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></span></span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann: </b>In vielen
Museen findet man ja hübsche spannende Dinge aus dem 30-jährigen Krieg. Ich
denke da an die Puppenhäuser aus dem 17. Jh. im Germanischen Nationalmuseum in
Nürnberg oder die riesige Sammlung von gleich aussehenden Rapieren im Zeughaus
von Schloss Schwarzburg. Hast Du da ein paar heiße Tipps, welche Sammlung man
mal gesehen haben sollte?</span></p><div class="QmZWSe"><div class="DHcWmd"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></div><div class="DHcWmd" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> In many museums you can find pretty, exciting things from the 30 Years' War. I'm thinking of the 17th century dollhouses in the Germanic National Museum in Nuremberg or the huge collection of identical-looking rapiers in the armory of Schwarzburg Castle. Do you have any hot tips about which collection you should see?</i></span></div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus: <b>Spontan fallen
mir da die Sammlung der Kurfürstlichen Garderobe in der Nationalen
Kunstsammlungen Dresden und das Zeughaus in Graz ein. Ich liebe es aber auch,
Sammlungen alter Gemälde und Gegenstände des 17. Jahrhunderts zu erkunden, da
gibt es z.B. das Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam und das Mauritshuis in Den Haag. Aber
es gibt auch in kleinen Museen, Burgen und Schlössern vieles zu entdecken. Eine
echte Überraschung war z.B. das Kaufmannshaus des Museums von Edam in den
Niederlanden. Das ist ein sehr kleines Museum, aber man fühlt sich, als reise
man zurück in die Zeit, sehr inspirierend.</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Sophia Brandus: <b>The collection of the Electoral Wardrobe in the National Art Collections Dresden and the Armory in Graz immediately come to mind. But I also love exploring collections of old paintings and objects from the 17th century, for example the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam and the Mauritshuis in The Hague. But there is also a lot to discover in small museums, castles and palaces. A real surprise, for example, was the merchant's house at the Edam Museum in the Netherlands. This is a very small museum but you feel like you are traveling back in time, very inspiring.</b></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> <span></span></span></p><a name='more'></a><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Ich selber bin
ja offengestanden noch nicht auf vielen Veranstaltungen gewesen, die im 17.
Jahrhundert spielen. Gibt es da Highlights, die Du besonders empfehlen kannst
für Teilnehmer oder auch Zuschauer?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> To be honest, I haven't been to many events that take place in the 17th century. Are there any highlights that you can particularly recommend for participants or spectators?</i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus: <b>So lange bin
ich auch noch nicht aktiv dabei, aber mir gefallen Veranstaltungen dann
besonders gut, wenn sie in einer Umgebung mit historischem Charakter (und
möglichst wenig modernem) stattfinden. Nennen kann ich da die von Euch sehr
liebevoll in Szene gesetzte Belebung des Freilichtmuseums Wackershofen,
Bourtange in den Niederlanden und die Festung Königstein. Aber ich bin noch auf
Entdeckungsreise ...</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Sophia Brandus: <b>I haven't been actively involved for that long, but I particularly like events when they take place in an environment with a historical character (and as little modern as possible). I can mention the revival of the Wackershofen open-air museum, Bourtange in the Netherlands and the Königstein Fortress, which you lovingly staged. But I'm still exploring...</b></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg3AMn6KbDxjO_CjNWhgDnE9eFWky3SWq4m7d-sqEsOvXbwoKWpROcmGBGfzaby1qsYjOSjRn-nS6PohCJoh1x1m5ijP3GfKzq3JqCnf49sL_MjamdKIaGDQKYm6tQhKStDNU5WIEQv9s_yJWaF9iqXJ6DzIClCtoVttcywQ1pSbh7vfqnlvv0CmsTz9E/s1411/Sophia%20Brandus%203.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1411" data-original-width="1129" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg3AMn6KbDxjO_CjNWhgDnE9eFWky3SWq4m7d-sqEsOvXbwoKWpROcmGBGfzaby1qsYjOSjRn-nS6PohCJoh1x1m5ijP3GfKzq3JqCnf49sL_MjamdKIaGDQKYm6tQhKStDNU5WIEQv9s_yJWaF9iqXJ6DzIClCtoVttcywQ1pSbh7vfqnlvv0CmsTz9E/w256-h320/Sophia%20Brandus%203.jpg" width="256" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Im Haus aus Sachsenflur. Auf unserer Landleben 1623 Veranstaltung dieses Jahr als bayerischer Offizier. - <i>In the Sachsenflur house at our "Landleben 1623"-event in 2023 as a Bavarian officer. </i>(Foto: Sophia Brandus)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Neulich bin
ich zufälligerweise auf einem Streaminganbieter auf einen wohl recht
unbekannten Film "Der Letzte fährt zur Hölle" gestoßen [1], der kurz vor
dem Dreißigjährigen Krieg in Böhmen spielt. Der hat mir sehr gut gefallen,
obwohl er sehr märchenhaft ist und aus den 1980ern stammt, also schon etwas
älter ist. Gibt es da etwas, was Du empfehlen kannst?"</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> I recently came across a relatively unknown film on a streaming provider called “The Last One Goes to Hell,” which takes place in Bohemia shortly before the Thirty Years’ War. I really liked it, even though it's very fairytale-like and comes from the 1980s, so it's a bit older. Is there anything you can recommend?"</i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus:<b> Gute Spielfilme/Serien
aus der Zeit des Dreißigjährigen Krieges? Oh, das ist schwierig … Recht gut
gefallen hat mir, obgleich das Thema sehr ernst und erschütternd ist, der Film
’Die Seelen im Feuer’. Da geht um die Hexenverfolgungen in Bamberg um das 1630
herum. Ein Klassiker ist natürlich der „Wallenstein“ aus dem Jahre 1978 [2], aber
inwieweit der dem heutigen Geschmack an Erzählung standhält, ist vermutlich
eine Frage des Alters und Interesses.</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus: </span><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><b>Good films/series from the time of the Thirty Years' War? Oh, that's difficult... I really liked the film 'The Souls in the Fire', even though the subject matter is very serious and shocking. It's about the witch hunts in Bamberg around 1630. A classic is of course “Wallenstein” from 1978 [2], but the extent to which it holds up to today's taste for narrative is probably a question of age and interest.</b></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGLKQrvpIRXpuu8b7EmaXdGeOKWNRPCHDTncsgDnwInf2eCi-O-25lRSn0oPOEU8KWsg3AZ5FCgT5Uf75Ind8Ajs3NzqmGarwd_SsmHAX-2DejguH6bai_fuvRa0i20m1ZfXCU6IAhXx0qv8KoKd_lQDzFJ2zuxk-7gOnBqMnOf2rxlz-oQOZrcI4EL4Q/s2679/Sophia%20Brandus%2022.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2132" data-original-width="2679" height="319" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGLKQrvpIRXpuu8b7EmaXdGeOKWNRPCHDTncsgDnwInf2eCi-O-25lRSn0oPOEU8KWsg3AZ5FCgT5Uf75Ind8Ajs3NzqmGarwd_SsmHAX-2DejguH6bai_fuvRa0i20m1ZfXCU6IAhXx0qv8KoKd_lQDzFJ2zuxk-7gOnBqMnOf2rxlz-oQOZrcI4EL4Q/w400-h319/Sophia%20Brandus%2022.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Einige Fotos sehen besser aus als ganze Filme in meinen Augen. - <i>In my point of view some photos are looking better then movies. (photo: Sophia Brandus)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><i><br /></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Photos: Sophia Brandus</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Text: André Hanselmann, Sophia Brandus <br /></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Notes: <br /></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">1) Ludvig Ráca (Regie): "Der Letzte fährt zur Hölle" CSSR, 1981/1982 </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;">2) Franz Peter Wirth: "Wallenstein" D, A, CH, 1978 </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><br /></span></i></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-61707122384449861592023-10-21T12:36:00.003-07:002023-10-21T12:36:44.280-07:00Historiker von nebenan / historians alongside: Sophia Brandus P 1<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Heute will ich
euch Sophia Brandus vorstellen, die bereits mehrere Romane veröffentlicht hat,
die im 17. Jahrhundert spielen.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">Today I want to introduce you to Sophia Brandus, who has already published several novels set in the 17th century.</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Erst einmal
eine ganz obligatorische Frage, die ich mir bei mir selbst nicht beantworten
kann. Wie bist Du auf die Zeit des Dreißigjährigen Krieges gekommen?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> First of all, a very obligatory question that I can't answer for myself. How did you come to know the time of the Thirty Years' War?</i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus:</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> Die erste
Hälfte des 17. Jahrhunderts hat mich mehr und mehr, ohne dass ich es mir
speziell ausgesucht habe, in seinen Bann gezogen. Es fühlt sich für mich eher
so an, also habe die Zeit mich ausgesucht und nicht ich sie. Es mag etwas
seltsam klingen, aber ich realisierte das, als ich begann die in meinem Kopf
entstehende Geschichte aufzuschreiben und mich parallel in zunehmendem Maße mit
der Zeit beschäftigt habe.</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Sophia Brandus:</i></span><b><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> The first half of the 17th century captivated me more and more, without me specifically choosing it. It feels more like this to me, so time chose me and not I chose it. It may sound a bit strange, but I realized this as I began to write down the story that was emerging in my head and, at the same time, became increasingly occupied with the period.</i></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWYObs6Yu1b3RPq0PhmZKfIDBwE5oFzrafcuE6Ar_0oaTAiERr3hyF1F2tncKJoSFLv5MfDvqzfT-Uq0PaUEWmzXi0hY17MqbvnT0vH5v-Y3yebItxF1A_OaqLbpFpSsGJYGM6i8kVCrWFGS7KEVugtQ5M7AnO9Vpq-VsCX1loAkDeYMQhODvN7hJ1cXA/s3391/Sophia%20Brandus%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3391" data-original-width="2295" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWYObs6Yu1b3RPq0PhmZKfIDBwE5oFzrafcuE6Ar_0oaTAiERr3hyF1F2tncKJoSFLv5MfDvqzfT-Uq0PaUEWmzXi0hY17MqbvnT0vH5v-Y3yebItxF1A_OaqLbpFpSsGJYGM6i8kVCrWFGS7KEVugtQ5M7AnO9Vpq-VsCX1loAkDeYMQhODvN7hJ1cXA/w272-h400/Sophia%20Brandus%201.jpg" width="272" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><br /></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Ich habe
bislang "Euch zum Urteil - Kein gerader Weg" gelesen [1]. Der Roman
scheint mir sehr detailliert recherchiert, sei es nun das Aussehen von bspw.
Freiburg im 17. Jh. oder auch die Rechtssprechung in der Zeit. Hast Du Dich vor
dem Roman damit beschäftigt wie eine Historikerin Quellen zu sichten?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> So far I have read "Euch zum Urteil - Kein gerader Weg" [1]. The novel seems to me to have been researched in great detail, be it the appearance of Freiburg in the 17th century or the jurisprudence at that time. Before writing the novel, did you spend time sifting through sources like a historian?</i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Bandus: </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Mein Schreiben
folgt nicht dem klassischen Weg (Idee für eine Geschichte, Plotten, Recherche
und dann Schreiben) und somit verhält sich das auch mit der Recherche. Ich
berühre so viele Themen, dass ich (abgesehen von generellen Recherchen <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">zur Zeit</span>) das zumeist dann angehe, wenn ich
bereits am Schreiben bin. Ich gehe also eher parallel vor. Generell benutze ich
gerne Quellen der Zeit (wie z.B. Pamphlete, Briefe, Bücher, Polizeiordnungen,
Liebesratgeber, Gesetzestexte, Militärisches, Kochbücher Haushaltsratgeber,
Heilkunde, Aderlass usw.). Es finden sich eine faszinierende Menge an
Informationen, teils zu sehr speziellen Themen, da komme ich schnell ins
Schwärmen. Aber es gibt auch tolle Sekundärliteratur, was gerade bei
komplexeren Themen sehr hilfreich ist (z.B. die von dir angesprochene
Rechtssprechung). Ein Problem bei der Recherche ist, dass man interessante
Sachen findet, welche gerade nicht relevant, aber sehr spannend sind, und dann
dazu neigt, den Fokus zu verlieren. Außerdem findet man immer wieder sich
widersprechende Quellen (was primäre Quellen der Zeit und auch sekundärquellen einschließt).</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Sophia Brandus: </i></span><b><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>My writing doesn't follow the traditional route (idea for a story, plotting, research and then writing) and so the same goes for research. I touch on so many topics that (apart from general research at the moment) I usually tackle them when I'm already writing. So I tend to proceed in parallel. In general, I like to use contemporary sources (such as pamphlets, letters, books, police regulations, love guides, legal texts, military information, cookbooks, household guides, medicine, bloodletting, etc.). There is a fascinating amount of information, some of it on very specific topics, which quickly makes me rave. But there is also great secondary literature, which is particularly helpful for more complex topics (e.g. the case law you mentioned). One problem with research is that you find interesting things that are not currently relevant but are very exciting, and then you tend to lose focus. In addition, one often finds contradicting sources (which includes primary sources of the time and also secondary sources).</i></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> <span></span></span></p><a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Die Figur des
Johannes Schott scheint ja ein Tausendsassa wider Willen, dem alles Mögliche
widerfährt. Hast Du da literarische Vorbilder wie den Simplicissimus von
Grimmelshausen [2] als Vorbild gehabt oder kam das eher zufällig?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> The character of Johannes Schott seems to be a jack of all trades despite himself, to whom all sorts of things happen. Did you have literary role models like Simplicissimus von Grimmelshausen [2] as a role model or did that just happen by chance?</i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus:</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> Keiner meiner
„fiktiven“ Charaktere hat reale Vorbilder, weder aus der Geschichte noch der
heutigen Zeit. Sie sind ganz eigene Personen, die in meinem Kopf sehr lebendig
sind und auch einen eigenen Willen haben und ihren Freiraum benötigen, die
Geschichte zu beeinflussen. Das ist nicht immer einfach, weil zuweilen Dinge
passieren, die nicht geplant oder nicht gewollt sind, aber da muss ich dann
halt mit umgehen. Anders verhält sich das natürlich bei den auftretenden realen
Personen (wie z.B. Herzog Bernhard von Sachsen -Weimar), da halte ich mich an
das, was ich in den Quellen über ihn finde und versuche, daraus eine Person zu
formen. Ein literarisches Werk möchte ich dennoch erwähnen, zum einen, weil es
die Liebe zum „Ich-Erzähler“ in mir geweckt hat, zum anderen, weil mir die Art
und Weise der Verbindung fiktiver mit historischen Charaktere und Ereignissen
sehr gefallen hat. Das ist die Serie „Fortune de France“ von Robert Merle. </span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Sophia Brandus:</i></span><b><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> None of my “fictional” characters have real role models, neither from history nor from today. They are their own people who are very much alive in my head and also have their own will and need their freedom to influence the story. That's not always easy because sometimes things happen that aren't planned or wanted, but I just have to deal with them. Of course, the situation is different with the real people who appear (such as Duke Bernhard of Saxony-Weimar), so I stick to what I find about him in the sources and try to form a person from it. I would still like to mention one literary work, on the one hand because it awakened my love of the “first-person narrator” and on the other hand because I really liked the way in which fictional and historical characters and events were combined. This is the series “Fortune de France” by Robert Merle.</i></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Wenn Du
beiläufig im Roman solche Namen wie Martin Opitz streifst, dann erinnerst Du
ein bisschen an den viel gepriesenen Patrick O'Brien, der ja in seinen
Seeromanen auch zahllose Aspekte der Epoche von Musik bis Literatur integriert.
Drängen sich viele Themen einfach auf oder wie findest Du sie?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> If you casually mention names like Martin Opitz in the novel, then you are reminded a bit of the much-praised Patrick O'Brien, who also integrates countless aspects of the era, from music to literature, into his sea novels. Do many topics simply arise or how do you find them?</i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus: <b>Es macht mir
immer wieder Freude, wenn ich einen künstlerischen Bezug zur damaligen Zeit
einbauen kann (also z.B. ein Buch, ein Musikstück, ein Liedtext usw.). Manchmal
brauche ich etwas und dann suche ich nach etwas Passendem, aber es kommt auch
umgekehrt vor, dass ich etwas kenne und es sich einfach anbietet, das
einzubauen. z.B. spielt der Herr Obrister Anstett in Band II ein Musikstück von
Tobias Hume auf seiner Gambe, dass man auch tatsächlich anhören oder die Noten
finden und spielen kann (3).</b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Sophia Brandus: <b>It always gives me joy when I can incorporate an artistic reference to the time (e.g. a book, a piece of music, a song lyric, etc.). Sometimes I need something and then I look for something suitable, but it also happens the other way around, where I know something and it just makes sense to incorporate it. For example, in Volume II, Colonel Anstett plays a piece of music by Tobias Hume on his viol that you can actually listen to or find and play the notes (3).</b></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix4QALM1qlYUdn5DLaE7Soys1ti1K0NXZoZiOPQrsOk4PA_JhGo_6fCMHdDNJhq025Hu1L-sBn1AZuVbR6TRRcXTyeT98T4A13SYNWSqEhQzMX2_pGmKGWqDoUWFBEKFVha4q6waaX9ydKH-U28vEtUXIKTX65l5v9j9NarGZOiYe_FvYhxq4t-YNuAZY/s4154/Sophia%20Brandus%2013.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4154" data-original-width="3135" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix4QALM1qlYUdn5DLaE7Soys1ti1K0NXZoZiOPQrsOk4PA_JhGo_6fCMHdDNJhq025Hu1L-sBn1AZuVbR6TRRcXTyeT98T4A13SYNWSqEhQzMX2_pGmKGWqDoUWFBEKFVha4q6waaX9ydKH-U28vEtUXIKTX65l5v9j9NarGZOiYe_FvYhxq4t-YNuAZY/w303-h400/Sophia%20Brandus%2013.jpg" width="303" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ich muss zugeben, dass ich das Pferd einfach nur großartig finde. - <i>I have to say that the horse is just looking great! (photo: Sophia Brandus)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><i><br /></i></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>André Hanselmann:</b> Man sieht ja
auch auf Deiner Homepage, dass Du gerne reitest und im Living History unterwegs
bist. Ich kann mich dran erinnern, dass vieles, was ich gelesen habe, mir unverständlich
vorkam, bis ich es im Hobby wie in Wackershofen selber mal ausprobiert habe (4).
Wie ist das bei Dir und Deinen Büchern? Fließen da auch Deine Hobbyerfahrungen
ein?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><b>André Hanselmann:</b> You can also see on your homepage that you enjoy riding and doing living history. I can remember that a lot of what I read seemed incomprehensible to me until I tried it out myself in a hobby like in Wackershofen (4). How is it with you and your books? Do your hobby experiences also factor into this?</i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i> </i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sophia Brandus: <b>Das Schreiben
habe ich lange vor meinen Aktivitäten rund um Living History und Reenactment
begonnen. Ich hatte mich zuvor allerdings bereits auf unterschiedlichste Weise aktiv
mit der Zeit beschäftigt, so z.B. mit der damaligen Reitweise und der
Fechtkunst. Ich habe einige Zeit lang versucht, das Spiel auf der Viola da
Gamba zu lernen, beschäftigte mich mit dem Nähen historischer Kleidung, übe
mich im Schreiben von Kurrenthandschrift, hörte viel Alte Musik und lese gerne
zeitgenössische Quellen.</b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;">Von Anfang an
habe ich zudem kleine Dinge aus der Geschichte ausprobiert, so z.B. wie Eisengallustinte
sich verhält, wenn der Brief nass wird, ob es funktioniert ein Siegel von einem
Brief unbeschädigt abzulösen usw. Aber das Erleben von Living History und
Reenactment, sowohl im zivilen auch militärischen Bereich, erweitert den
Erfahrungsschatz natürlich ganz erheblich, insbesondere auch, weil ich die
Gelegenheit habe, viele andere Begeisterte kennenzulernen. Ein unendlicher
Schatz an Wissen und Inspiration …</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">Sophia Brandus: <b>I started writing long before my activities around living history and reenactment. However, I had already actively engaged with the time in a variety of ways, for example with the horse riding style and the art of fencing at the time. For some time I tried to learn to play the viola da gamba, worked on sewing historical clothing, practiced writing in traditional handwriting, listened to a lot of early music and enjoyed reading contemporary sources.</b></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><i><b><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">From the beginning I also tried out little things from history, such as how iron gall ink behaves when the letter gets wet, whether it works to remove a seal from a letter without damage, etc. But the experience of living history and reenactment, both in civilian life also the military sector, of course expands the wealth of experience considerably, especially because I have the opportunity to get to know many other enthusiasts. An endless treasure of knowledge and inspiration...</span></b></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"> Weiter geht es in einem zweiten Teil.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: DE;"><i>We will continue with part 2.<br /></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Text: Sophia Brandus, André Hanselmann</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Fotos: Sophia Brandus <br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Notizen / <i>Notes</i>:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">1) Sophia Brandus: "Euch zum Urteil - </span><span class="font-size-18 lh-1" style="color: #312407;">Band I - Kein gerader Weg" tredition, 2021</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="font-size-18 lh-1" style="color: #312407;">2) z.B.: Grimmelshausen: "Der abenteuerliche Simplicissimus" (gekürzte Ausgabe) Reclam, Stuttgart, 2001</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="font-size-18 lh-1" style="color: #312407;">3) Sophia Brandus: "Euch zum Urteil - Band II - Mit geheiligten Mitteln" tredition, 2021</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="font-size-18 lh-1" style="color: #312407;">4) Wie auf unserem Event "Landleben 1623 - Die Württemberger im Hällischen" das Bierbrauen über offenem Feuer durch die Wirtin. - <i>Such as to make beer over an open fire at our "Landleben 1623 - Die Württemberger im Hällischen" event by the landlady. </i>https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2023/05/landleben-1623-teil-2-p-2.html <i><br /></i></span></p>
Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-79643189748087934492023-10-16T10:24:00.001-07:002023-10-16T10:24:12.009-07:00"Der Schatten von Caravaggio" - "Caravaggio's shadow" (2023)<p style="text-align: justify;">Eben bin ich aus dem 2. Spielfilm, der im 17. Jahrhundert spielt und dieses Jahr hier ins Kino kam raus gekommen. Mit dem eigenwilligen Musketierfilm [1] hat dieser Streifen gemein, dass ein Darsteller erneut eine wichtige Rolle spielt [2].</p><div class="QmZWSe" style="text-align: justify;"><div class="DHcWmd"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>I have just come out of the second feature film, which is set in the 17th century and was released here this year. What this film has in common with the idiosyncratic Musketeer film [1] is that an actor once again plays an important role [2].</i></span></div></div><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWj63QckdkUGxpJSzE4OyJwdp4RsMilGNJ9btBvl8_5h90O-a2eZEDH8VAYmWG7ZzO7yeZCQcMqrkhpSmYPipLVBf4yvNsuqYPVcmaEeFPWM7UV7E-1ltk6bjyw_75i4nHGBDbea80U1LXC843Lj1E-p9VKuD0eyFTOc506NEpWjV2zO3Gyv_Y3iC0jeA/s2048/IMG_0812.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWj63QckdkUGxpJSzE4OyJwdp4RsMilGNJ9btBvl8_5h90O-a2eZEDH8VAYmWG7ZzO7yeZCQcMqrkhpSmYPipLVBf4yvNsuqYPVcmaEeFPWM7UV7E-1ltk6bjyw_75i4nHGBDbea80U1LXC843Lj1E-p9VKuD0eyFTOc506NEpWjV2zO3Gyv_Y3iC0jeA/w300-h400/IMG_0812.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Filmplakat. Es fässt recht gut den Stil und die Farben des Films zusammen. - <i>Poster of the movie. It shows perfectly the colours and style of the movie. (photo: André Hanselmann, 2023)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ebenso wie der Musketierstreifen ist auch dieser Film beinahe immer in der Dunkelheit gedreht. In Rom und den anderen Handlungsorten herrscht entweder Nacht oder ein bedeckter Himmel taucht die Szenerie in eine Farbpalette von Brauntönen, die hier und da die teils bunten Kostüme aufblitzen lassen. Spielt etwas in Rom in eher freiem Gelände so wurde in antiken Ruinen gedreht, wo Caravaggio gerne Federball spielt [3]. Das Leben Caravaggios wird ab den frühen 1590ern aus der Retrospektive geschildert. Denn der vom Papst beauftragte Inquisitor befragt Lebensgefährten des Malergenies: die reiche Constanza Sforza Colonna über Prostituierte bis hin zu einem Trinker, der Caravaggio wie soviele als Modell diente. Das Drehbuch versucht akribisch all die Orte und Mäzene aufzuzählen an denen Caravaggio und für die er arbeitete. Dies erlaubt keine Überraschungen, denn der Film mutet vielmehr als eine Rechtfertigung der Verbrechen des Malers an. So wird geschildert wie er 1605 den Gemahl einer Geliebten zusammen schlug und daher nach Genua fliehen musste und wie sich die Feindschaft mit den ausgezeichneten etablierten Malern entwickelte, die ihn scheinbar beneideten wegen seinem Talent bis hin zur fatalen Beziehung zu einem Tomassoni. Zu meinem Erstaunen wurde Caravaggios Ende 1610 recht deutlich gezeigt ohne Fragen über Verantwortung und Täter offen zu lassen.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Like the Musketeer flick, this film is almost always shot in the dark. In Rome and the other locations it is either night or an overcast sky bathes the scenery in a colour palette of brown tones, which allows the sometimes colourful costumes to flash here and there. If something takes place in Rome in a rather open area, it was filmed in ancient ruins, where Caravaggio likes to play badminton [3]. Caravaggio's life is described retrospectively from the early 1590s. The inquisitor commissioned by the Pope questions the painter's genius' companions: the rich Constanza Sforza Colonna, prostitutes and a drunk who, like so many others, served as a model for Caravaggio. The script tries to meticulously list all the places and patrons where Caravaggio worked and for whom he worked. This leaves no surprises, as the film seems more like a justification of the painter's crimes. It describes how he beat up the husband of a lover in 1605 and therefore had to flee to Genoa and how the enmity developed with the excellent, established painters, who apparently envied him because of his talent and even had a fatal relationship with a Tomassoni. To my surprise, Caravaggio end was shown quite clearly in 1610 without leaving any questions about responsibility and perpetrators unanswered.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><span><a name='more'></a></span><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Alle Wegbegleiter [4] und Feinde werden nacheinander vorgestellt, wobei ein Hauptaugenmerk auf die Liebe der Constanza Colonna liegt, die von Isabelle Huppert gespielt wird und die ihn stets zu retten sucht. Bei allen Bemühungen Gemälde ähnliche Bilder auf die Kinoleinwand zu werfen, hat diese Art der Erzählung etwas ermüdendes - zumal es Dokus mit einem ähnlichen Fokus auf den Mörder und Liebhaber der Frauen Caravaggio bereits gibt und so wirkt der biographische Film wie eine etwas umgestrickte Dokumentation, die weder Neues noch Beeindruckendes bereit hält. Das Schauspiel ist solide. Michele Placido ist bemüht ohne teure Massenszenen auszukommen. An Caravaggios Schaffen als Maler wissen seine Kritiker vorrangig die Modelle zu kritisieren, die aus der Gosse kommen und die er überwiegend im Spital eines großmütigen Geistlichen vorfindet. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>All companions [4] and enemies are introduced one after the other, with the main focus being on the love of Constanza Colonna, played by Isabelle Huppert, who always tries to save him. Despite all the efforts to throw images similar to paintings on the cinema screen, there is something tiring about this type of narrative - especially since there are already documentaries with a similar focus on the murderer and lover of women Caravaggio and so the biographical film seems like a somewhat reworked documentary offers nothing new or impressive. The acting is solid. Michele Placido tries to avoid expensive crowd scenes. When it comes to Caravaggio's work as a painter, his critics primarily criticize the models that come from the gutter and which he mainly finds in the hospital of a generous clergyman.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSFligRs7LDEPN-LtMxJ2p0x3_4HWAqNg9pkBdKNNZGwUPV3lZkLOxo29ju4RBRqz91WlOGyrtsnGG1aYaw_Mrs_hQqe3oCJiuCC_K4BLlDETpu5VlQA7_GdYKVlSEw7_y0e5qF-4agv7hfNeO9GhwjKuMIliKjeBWPf85-XvDlOPf0Nhav2i8ghFjGHA/s1024/IMG-20231016-WA0003.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="768" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSFligRs7LDEPN-LtMxJ2p0x3_4HWAqNg9pkBdKNNZGwUPV3lZkLOxo29ju4RBRqz91WlOGyrtsnGG1aYaw_Mrs_hQqe3oCJiuCC_K4BLlDETpu5VlQA7_GdYKVlSEw7_y0e5qF-4agv7hfNeO9GhwjKuMIliKjeBWPf85-XvDlOPf0Nhav2i8ghFjGHA/s320/IMG-20231016-WA0003.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ein Werk von Goltzius (1558-1617). Ein Zeitgenosse von Caravaggio, dem in Freiburg eine Ausstellung gewidmet wurde [5]. Goltzius war auch in den 1590ern in Italien. - <i>A work by Goltzius (1558-1617). There was a special exhibition in Freiburg about him</i> <i>[5]. He visited Italy during the 1590s.</i> (Foto: Jasmin Guhl)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Trotz der in meinen Augen etwas langweiligen und gewöhnlichen Erzählweise kann der Film mit einigen Schauwerten aufwarten. Die Kostüme sind so OK, mehr nicht. Ein Künstler wie Caravaggio muss natürlich beinahe immer mit offenem Wams (oder Wams ohne Ärmel) rumlaufen. Die üblichen Kniffe des Künstlerfilms wie rein durch Kerzen erleuchtete Innenräume (der arme Caravaggio kann sich offenbar massig Kerzen leisten) werden aufgefahren umd das Hell-Dunkel-Spiel von Caravaggios Werken aufzugreifen. Die Schauspieler sind routiniert und bekommen durch größere Namen einigen Back-Up. Riccardo Scarmacio als Hauptfigur sieht dem Maler ausreichend ähnlich und bemüht sich um ein intensives Spiel. Die französisch-italienische Coproduktion hat einige Preise gewonnen [6]. Immerhin war meine Vorstellung deutlich besser besucht als die des oben erwähnten Musketierfilms. Mein Fazit: kann man anschauen, muss man aber nicht [7].</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Despite what I find to be a somewhat boring and ordinary narrative style, the film still has some great value. The costumes are OK, nothing more. Of course, an artist like Caravaggio almost always has to walk around with his doublet (or doublet without sleeves) open. The usual tricks of artist films such as interiors lit entirely by candles (poor Caravaggio can apparently afford a lot of candles) are used to pick up on the chiaroscuro play of Caravaggio's works. The actors are experienced and have some back-up from bigger names. Riccardo Scarmacio as the main character looks enough like the painter and tries to play intensively. The French-Italian co-production has won several awards [6]. At least my film presentation was significantly better attended than that of the Musketeer film mentioned above. My conclusion: you can watch it, but you don't have to [7].</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Foto: André Hanselmann, Jasmin Guhl</b><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p>Notizen / Notes:<br /></p><p>1) siehe hier: https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2023/04/les-trois-mousquetaires-dartagnan-2023.html<br /></p><p>2) Louis Garrel in dem Film "Les trois Mousquetaires: D'Artagnan" als Louis XIII und hier als Inquisitor. - <i>Louis Garrel in the "Les trois Mousquetaires: D'Artagnan" movie as Louis XIII here as the inquisitor.</i><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">3) Man fühlt sich ein bisschen an den deutlich originelleren Film über d'Artagnan von Richard Lester erinnert. - <i>You can feel somehow remembering the a lot more witty movie about d'Artagnan by Richard Lester.</i><br /></p><p>4) Wie Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-1654) - die hier bereits ihr "Susanna und die Alten" (1610) vollendet hat. Giodarno Bruno, den er hier 1600 im Kerker trifft. - <i>Such as Artemisia (1593-1654) - she has finshed here already her "Susanna and the Elders" (1610). And he meets Giodarno Bruno in 1600 in a prison.</i><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">5) "Verwandlung der Welt – Meisterblätter von Hendrick Goltzius" Augustinermuseum Freiburg, Grafische Sammlung, 24.06.-17.09.2023<br /></p><p> </p><p>6) David di Donatello (2023), Nastro d'Argento (2023)..</p><p style="text-align: justify;">7) Man kann auch stattdessen momentan eine Doku zu einem seiner Werke auf Arte in der Mediathek anschauen: arte "Die ganze Welt in einem Bild - Caravaggio und der Kamm" R: Nicolas Autheman, F, 2023<br /></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-78604798202217106642023-10-08T12:46:00.000-07:002023-10-08T12:46:06.807-07:00Ausblick auf das nächste Jahr - A view into the next year<p style="text-align: justify;">Wie sich das einige Blogleser gewünscht haben, wird sich der Blog nächstes Jahr mit dem Polnischen Thronfolgekrieg beschäftigen. Obwohl mich die Geschichte des Hauses Wettin immer sehr beschäftigt hat, will ich da aber nicht allzu tief ins Detail gehen um nicht allzusehr vom Sinn unseres Blogs abzuweichen. Mit dem frühen Tod König August II. von Polen am 1. Februar 1733 in Warschau bahnt sich rasch ein großer Konflikt an. Anders als bei seinem Vater musste sich Kurfürst Friedrich August II. (1696-1763) nicht sosehr mit einem Widerstand in Kursachsen gegen seinen Versuch die polnische Krone zu erwerben durchsetzen [1]. Anfänglich schien aber ein Sieg des Schwiegervaters von König Louis XV im Kampf um die Krone, der natürlich von Frankreich unterstützt wurde, durchaus in greifbare Nähe zu rücken. <span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Stanisław Leszczyński (1677-1766) war kurz vor dem sächsischen Bewerber bereits am 11. September 1733 zum König gewählt worden. Vor allem Russland, welches bereits im Großen Nordischen Krieg auf der Seite Sachsens gekämpft hatte, gelang es maßgeblich an der Vertreibung von König </span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;">Stanisław mitzuwirken und dadurch den ohnehin schon enormen Einfluss in Polen auszuweiten. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>As some blog readers have requested, next year's blog will deal with the War of the Polish Succession. Although the history of the House of Wettin has always occupied me very much, I don't want to go into too much detail so as not to deviate too much from the spirit of our blog. With the early death of King August II of Poland on February 1, 1733 in Warsaw, a major conflict quickly developed. In contrast to his father, Elector Friedrich August II (1696-1763) did not have to resist his attempt to acquire the Polish crown so much in Electoral Saxony [1]. Initially, however, a victory for King Louis XV's father-in-law in the battle for the crown, which was of course supported by France, seemed within reach. Stanisław Leszczyński (1677-1766) had been elected king on September 11, 1733, shortly before the Saxon candidate. Above all, Russia, which had already fought on the side of Saxony in the Great Northern War, was able to play a key role in the expulsion of King Stanisław and thereby expand the already enormous influence in Poland.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJmCFxe-ZPJc6eFmXHdtUfm3F_ktErhHg_ez3AaOS-SGOTKvLQIOBLVjeBQqnbdrBSNDoyrdVgeKoRr8hbbqqZDanWU6a6y1dSAswvvzkpMl8rsIy6Lkxp5HelBpUc_uO-JNcSYGL3YV5VrtIdyg0Fr4BEI9NoeN_E3s78d5GstQSN3ZEuU7qJ-ZRz5EY/s4032/Kehl%201.heic" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJmCFxe-ZPJc6eFmXHdtUfm3F_ktErhHg_ez3AaOS-SGOTKvLQIOBLVjeBQqnbdrBSNDoyrdVgeKoRr8hbbqqZDanWU6a6y1dSAswvvzkpMl8rsIy6Lkxp5HelBpUc_uO-JNcSYGL3YV5VrtIdyg0Fr4BEI9NoeN_E3s78d5GstQSN3ZEuU7qJ-ZRz5EY/w300-h400/Kehl%201.heic" width="300" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die Festung Kehl am Rhein mit der Stadt Straßburg im Hintergrund auf dem großen plan relief. - <i>The fortress of Kehl and the city of Strasbourg in the background on the great plan relief. (Musée d'Histoire, Strasbourg, photo: Cecilia Hanselmann, 2023)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> </i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;">Schon kurz nach </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;">Stanisławs Wahl kam es in Deutschland zu ersten Kriegshandlungen indem die schwäbische Kreisfestung Kehl von den Franzosen belagert wurde. Über 30.000 Mann unter dem kampferfahrenen Maréchal duc de Berwick (1670-1734) schlossen die kleine von Kreistruppen schwach besetzte Festung ein und erreichten nach etwa 2 Wochen Belagerung die Einnahme derselben. Da ich kein Experte für Festungsbelagerungen bin, werde ich auf diese wie auch auf die folgenden von </span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;">Pizzighettone, Danzig, Trarbach und Gaeta nicht näher eingehen.</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;"> </span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_o7idgaYoK9IBAN1tofD1XkRctojhyhYeWdsjuPYRoAHJAJ5VkQzFAYDIkygRsmoptvyU35Blbh_ppaJqa7k4iR5eNadfDsUb3AdOMrDd3rFmvflWS8_S8AGRcWnUtpxWliKFfPNT_CLZUI5vRy4sxqgt5jphm2UtFSwk6uZJY-f3BpqPn3dUglPqkRw/s4032/20221203_112801.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="1816" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_o7idgaYoK9IBAN1tofD1XkRctojhyhYeWdsjuPYRoAHJAJ5VkQzFAYDIkygRsmoptvyU35Blbh_ppaJqa7k4iR5eNadfDsUb3AdOMrDd3rFmvflWS8_S8AGRcWnUtpxWliKFfPNT_CLZUI5vRy4sxqgt5jphm2UtFSwk6uZJY-f3BpqPn3dUglPqkRw/s320/20221203_112801.jpg" width="144" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Links eine Fahnenspitze des Schwäbischen Kreises von 1716. Wehrgeschichtliches Museum Rastatt. - <i>At the left a flag tip of the Swabian circle from 1716. WGM Rastatt. (photo: Cecilia Hanselmann 2023)</i></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit;">Shortly after Stanisław's election, the first acts of war broke out in Germany, with the Swabian district fortress of Kehl being besieged by the French. More than 30,000 men under the battle-experienced Maréchal duc de Berwick (1670-1734) surrounded the small, weakly by troops of the circle occupied fortress and managed to capture it after a siege of about 2 weeks. Not being an expert on fortress sieges, I won't go into detail about this one, nor the ones that followed from Pizzighettone, Danzig, Trarbach and Gaeta.</span></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEippyYCGumFvZe3BHAQTWVQQDmuWJAnPslwEy6XdLegZYMLpJKrRqO4Q4pT1mESV7-Yd-EUf1g06SGfg62nieewXKMMxV2o0BzQxElvCQL9oC4oQz8IHYrdBTv6PMdLO9GOlIW7mE6wYM0NFmio1PWZ5jCYvF0v1t2BSeSMzQmnUwCBF8MCTAuqw5-fDtQ/s4032/Kehl%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEippyYCGumFvZe3BHAQTWVQQDmuWJAnPslwEy6XdLegZYMLpJKrRqO4Q4pT1mESV7-Yd-EUf1g06SGfg62nieewXKMMxV2o0BzQxElvCQL9oC4oQz8IHYrdBTv6PMdLO9GOlIW7mE6wYM0NFmio1PWZ5jCYvF0v1t2BSeSMzQmnUwCBF8MCTAuqw5-fDtQ/w400-h300/Kehl%202.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ein näherer Blick auf die Festung Kehl im Zustand vor 1734 auf dem zeitgenössischen Modell. - <i>A closer look on the fortress of Kehl in the situation around 1734 on the contemporary model. (Musée d'histoire, Strasbourg, photo: Cecilia Hanselmann)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> </span></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;">Sehr bedeutend nicht zuletzt für den Schwäbischen Kreis der direkt durch das französische Heer bedroht wurde, sollte die Reaktion des Kaisers auf den Konflikt werden. Karl VI. (1685-1740) hatte bereits für einen künftigen Krieg mit Frankreich vorgesorgt indem er mit dem militärisch erstarkten Preußen einen Vertrag über die Stellung eines Heeres von 30.000 Mann im Kriegsfall abschloss. Dieser Vertrag verdeutlicht aber auch die Ohnmacht des Reiches, die nicht zuletzt daher rührte, dass die kurbrandenburgischen Herrscher seit dem Großen Kurfürst jegliche Stellung von Truppen für die Reichsarmee abgelehnt hatten. Markgräfin Wilhelmine von Bayreuth berichtete in ihren Memoiren recht eindrücklich von den Verhandlungen ihres Vaters Friedrich Wilhelm I. (1688-1740) mit dem Kaiser [2]. </span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit;">The reaction of the emperor to the conflict was to be very important, not least for the Swabian district, which was directly threatened by the French army. Charles VI (1685-1740) had already prepared for a future war with France by concluding a contract with the militarily strengthened Prussia on the deployment of an army of 30,000 men in the event of war. However, this contract also illustrates the impotence of the empire, which was not least due to the fact that the Electoral Brandenburg rulers had rejected any deployment of troops for the imperial army since the Great Elector. In her memoirs, Margravine Wilhelmine von Bayreuth gave an impressive account of the agreements between her father Friedrich Wilhelm I (1688-1740) and the Emperor [2].</span></i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;">Im Jahr 1734 versammelte dann Prinz Eugen sein Heer aus Reichstruppen und Verbündeten bei Heilbronn. Doch dazu mehr im nächsten Jahr!</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>In 1734, Prince Eugene assembled his army of imperial troops and allies near Heilbronn. But more on that next year!</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;"><b>Fotos: André Hanselmann, Cecilia Hanselmann</b></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;">Notizen / Notes:</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;">1) Karl Czok: "August der Starke und seine Zeit" Piper, München, 2006, S. 72-74<br /></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202122; text-align: left;">2) Wilhelmine von Bayreuth: Memoiren, insel, Frankfurt, 1990, S.113<br /></span></span></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6547285408546115856.post-46676029495611306552023-09-15T05:57:00.000-07:002023-09-15T05:57:51.971-07:00Die Mainhardter Räuberbande - The band of robbers of the Mainhardt forest 25.-27.8.2023<p style="text-align: justify;">Wir sind nun von unserer größten Veranstaltung des Jahres mit etwa 50 Teilnehmern [1] heim gekehrt. Wir wollen euch ein paar Eindrücke von unserem Programm liefern. Der Amtmann traf im Amt Rosengarten ein und brachte einige Steckbriefe und das Jaunerpatent von 1751 [2] [3] zum Zöllner von Bubenorbis [4]. Der Zöllner und der ehemalige Schulmeister berichteten mir von Neuigkeiten aus dem Dorf. Die in der Gegend eingesetzten Jäger ergriffen kurz darauf einen Verdächtigen, der sich allerdings als Handwerker herausstellte, der laut seinem Ausweispapier [5] ein unschuldiger Reisender war. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAcEz0tE3HxezYRVHTbLVXVZ1ZtkkCx06dflg6FjC-MZumwhB2EISHoUpm9NmNqLo7dgmDVaZU5lEwdsEdY1hIDADST-M27YerSt4T2gSXlu3p08F1JB4Metasf695VhCiwETcsz7PREqkYbg5u_pev1_EamUqlzBgKW7dijww8xjTqI3LELAjJiboDVw/s5364/Bild12.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3478" data-original-width="5364" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAcEz0tE3HxezYRVHTbLVXVZ1ZtkkCx06dflg6FjC-MZumwhB2EISHoUpm9NmNqLo7dgmDVaZU5lEwdsEdY1hIDADST-M27YerSt4T2gSXlu3p08F1JB4Metasf695VhCiwETcsz7PREqkYbg5u_pev1_EamUqlzBgKW7dijww8xjTqI3LELAjJiboDVw/w400-h259/Bild12.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Szene an der Zollstation. Der Rattenfänger wird kontrolliert. - <i>Scene at customs office. They are checking the rat catcher. (photo: M. Leyendecker)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">We have now returned from our biggest event of the year with around 50 participants [1]. We want to give you a few impressions of our program. The bailiff arrived at the Rosengarten office and brought some wanted letters and the Jaunerpatent from 1751 [2] [3] to the customs officer from Bubenorbis [4]. The customs officer and the former schoolmaster told me about news from the village. The hunters deployed in the area soon seized a suspect who, however, turned out to be a craftsman who, according to his identity paper [5], was an innocent traveler.</span></i></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Enttäuscht von dem Fehlen eines Bratens verließ der Amtmann das Steigengasthaus um die Frau Pfarrerin zu besuchen. Er gratulierte zum Geburtstag und überreichte einen Brief mit der Mahnung für den Pastor künftig mehr "Betstunden" wegen der Mäuseplage von 1773 einzulegen [6] und sich stärker um die örtliche Schule zu kümmern. Wenig beruhigt von den Erlebnissen reisten der Amtmann und sein Grabenreiter ab.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVIF4dZtV8b1sLCtE6EyUaR512YXqL6QEzlGgp7QT0RfbpnqwuaxF8RDDLK3WOUGiBq_-px5RI8ZjHW1J7KIHOIos6SfDOmj9cMADC78spXFDme3vPffJqFL6l2UKngtq_u2-rBNSz1KBgMfj6KJL270zrovFakluMRTpV8yzXRIWSNRhsLwHYCDsUtlM/s6016/Bild5.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6016" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVIF4dZtV8b1sLCtE6EyUaR512YXqL6QEzlGgp7QT0RfbpnqwuaxF8RDDLK3WOUGiBq_-px5RI8ZjHW1J7KIHOIos6SfDOmj9cMADC78spXFDme3vPffJqFL6l2UKngtq_u2-rBNSz1KBgMfj6KJL270zrovFakluMRTpV8yzXRIWSNRhsLwHYCDsUtlM/w400-h266/Bild5.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Der Amtmann - hier in Rot - ist diesmal wenig beeindruckt von der Küche des Steigengasthauses. Sein Amtsschreiber - in Blau - unterstützt ihn. - <i>The bailiff in his red coat is not really impresses by the menu in the "Steigengasthaus". The secretary of the district in a blue coat is supporting him. (photo: Stefan Winter)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>Disappointed by the lack of a roast, the bailiff left the Steigengasthaus to visit the pastor's wife. He congratulated him on his birthday and handed over a letter admonishing the pastor to put in more "prayer hours" in the future because of the mouse plague of 1773 [6] and to take better care of the local school. Little reassured by the experiences, the bailiff and his trench rider left.</i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6l5r6Z-MykYr92SX8R-P9FPGfygqzprYI2Vdr2Wjw92fepJfadJi-TL7Y_gJB2BHJ5fHwLhg5HiLEYmgPHIW4poY3ye_q3M9wYsHjl9PtCoetkK-qMJGfFmw7NvBz7VfBJxItHpM-uLd8WG4N0K89p0_ySdpFNpmWApIwlzCGq8-5LRjSi4R8eX8tEsc/s3793/Bild9.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3793" data-original-width="2859" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6l5r6Z-MykYr92SX8R-P9FPGfygqzprYI2Vdr2Wjw92fepJfadJi-TL7Y_gJB2BHJ5fHwLhg5HiLEYmgPHIW4poY3ye_q3M9wYsHjl9PtCoetkK-qMJGfFmw7NvBz7VfBJxItHpM-uLd8WG4N0K89p0_ySdpFNpmWApIwlzCGq8-5LRjSi4R8eX8tEsc/w301-h400/Bild9.JPG" width="301" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Eine Räuberin überfällt eine Magd unweit der Zollstation. - <i>A female robber attacks a maid next to the house of the custom officer ... (photo: M. Leyendecker)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvSsl8fIwKYleaszzpCwGUeWn_J1lR_xHw1wWHfSGP5-GvqtxIsXgk7w7xp5adYeWsQdmmG_DrWWrzplf892MUud795PFn3laeCCSpQhRDQptckUV2n_PTm1HKRXjIohlrkUxE3pDmmB6s2zaHOVEJ1_H6Px31Wd0CDCwuoknGlc5KtyKSi9owxVjwX74/s4288/Bild10.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4288" data-original-width="3085" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvSsl8fIwKYleaszzpCwGUeWn_J1lR_xHw1wWHfSGP5-GvqtxIsXgk7w7xp5adYeWsQdmmG_DrWWrzplf892MUud795PFn3laeCCSpQhRDQptckUV2n_PTm1HKRXjIohlrkUxE3pDmmB6s2zaHOVEJ1_H6Px31Wd0CDCwuoknGlc5KtyKSi9owxVjwX74/w288-h400/Bild10.JPG" width="288" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Der Komplize steht mit seiner Flinte bereit. - <i>The accomplice is ready with his musket. (photo: M. Leyendecker)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Am nächsten Tag schickte er eine Botschaft wegen der Schwarzwälder Bande an den Zöllner von Bubenorbis, der wegen der Bande streifen lassen sollte [7]. Kurz hinter der württembergischen Grenze wurde eine meiner Mägde nachdem sie ihre Korbwaren verzollt hatte von Räubern ausgeraubt. Sie brachte das sogleich bei mir als einem hällischen Schultheiß zur Anzeige. Ich hatte aber schon damit zu tun die Obrigkeit in Kenntnis zu setzen, dass nur so wenige Kinder zur Sommerschule erschienen waren [8]. Der Mäusefänger, der Tags zuvor auch dem Amtmann aufgefallen war, erhielt von mir ein Dokument. Gegen einen kleinen Obulus brachte er eine Nachricht zum Zöllner von Bubenorbis. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>The next day he sent a message about the Black Forest gang to the customs officer from Bubenorbis, who was supposed to patrol because of the gang [7]. Shortly after the Württemberg border, one of my maids was robbed by robbers after she had declared her basketry. She immediately reported this to me as a Hellish mayor. But I was already busy informing the authorities that so few children had turned up for the summer school [8]. The mouse catcher, who had also noticed the bailiff the day before, received a document from me. For a small fee he brought a message to the Bubenorbis customs officer.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i></i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlzabnKS8OM4qeYVcKUNJMj5vxqosrA2Kaop00YXjsaD5vIeJNbGAJxBaM5fnS4up4bRLtdU_m_WgX_7rUKHr6PekhVwvAavxANqV9MRW8MCI1jqSZPKPs1HG7_DgxmiBqsPTtBx76vYzFz50q3a2WWMycPvau9ppObeBwUxD0KtPXrJSocOcj1SlH5VE/s3745/Bild13.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2718" data-original-width="3745" height="290" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlzabnKS8OM4qeYVcKUNJMj5vxqosrA2Kaop00YXjsaD5vIeJNbGAJxBaM5fnS4up4bRLtdU_m_WgX_7rUKHr6PekhVwvAavxANqV9MRW8MCI1jqSZPKPs1HG7_DgxmiBqsPTtBx76vYzFz50q3a2WWMycPvau9ppObeBwUxD0KtPXrJSocOcj1SlH5VE/w400-h290/Bild13.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Viel Verkehr an der Zollstation. Hier reist der jüdische Krämer mit einem Fuhrmann ins Württembergische. - <i>A lot of traffic at the customs office. Here you can see the jewish chandler travelling on the cart of a carter into the Wurttemberg territory. (photo: M. Leyendecker)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><br /> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ich verkaufte Holzschnitte und Liedertexte zum Schicksal des Georg Michael Schönmann [9], die gesungen angeworben reißenden Absatz fanden. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA3OXufclvGylboyNvnImick1PG0KsBTh0vbMdDDlV3cFv0nFL8FW8YxKE69A2V7EDle8Tu0ETxuBYcDN5fbxRA7zSrH_TB4fvQto2HgzQx753Pp1xlHUvZ2wa25HhC7aO2ooJOccNqWfXvDB9H9M_RjmgRqSt4qmooVtWETbvS_KxagyrmFTlpuSZ0os/s3487/Bild11.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2431" data-original-width="3487" height="279" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA3OXufclvGylboyNvnImick1PG0KsBTh0vbMdDDlV3cFv0nFL8FW8YxKE69A2V7EDle8Tu0ETxuBYcDN5fbxRA7zSrH_TB4fvQto2HgzQx753Pp1xlHUvZ2wa25HhC7aO2ooJOccNqWfXvDB9H9M_RjmgRqSt4qmooVtWETbvS_KxagyrmFTlpuSZ0os/w400-h279/Bild11.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die Bänkelsänger ziehen von Dorf zu Dorf um die Lieder und Holzschnitte zu verkaufen. - <i>The singers are walking from village to village to sale the songs and woodcuts. (photo: Michael Leyendecker)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>I sold woodcuts and song texts on the fate of Georg Michael Schönmann [9], which sold like hot cakes when sung.</i></span></p><div class="tw-target-rmn tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl" id="tw-target-rmn-container"><pre class="tw-data-placeholder tw-text-small tw-ta" data-placeholder="" dir="ltr" id="tw-target-rmn" style="text-align: left;"><span><a name='more'></a></span><span class="Y2IQFc"><br /></span></pre></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Nachdem die Mägde mit der Schultheißin die Wäsche gemacht hatten, brachten sie uns Wasser auf die Wiese, die wir trotz des schlechten Wetters abmähten. Danach versammelten sich zahlreiche Männer aus der Umgegend samt der Jäger am Steigengasthaus um die Streife zu beginnen. Immerhin verfügten wir über 3 Büchsen und 1 Flinte. Auch württembergischen Untertanen war das Streifen auferlegt worden [10]. Der schon am Vortag ergriffene Handwerksbursche wurde ergriffen und nach Hall zum Amtmann abgeführt. Der Mäusefänger wurde ausgestäupt und des Dorfes verwiesen. Der jüdische Krämer hatte Glück, obwohl er sich den Leibzoll kaum leisten konnte [11]. Er sollte eigentlich 6 Kreuzer täglich dem Steigenwirt geben. Die Streife nutzte wenig, denn des Nachts geschah ein Überfall auf die Zollstation. Einer der Täter soll einen alten Uniformrock getragen haben. Alle waren maskiert. Ich bekam davon nichts mit außer der Meldung des Grabenreiters, dass verdächtiges Gesindel draußen herum schlich. Die angeblich betrunkenen Jäger halfen dem Zöllner nichts bei dem nächtlichen Übergriff.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxiNzpwOfrp2Qt8r9GC3l87QdKGdpQ_Qyv6unskDYgiQ2tv9diNy_Xt-p_Kh5G_WpBKJcC-JWyb1oWX-npwSdz396pEXaEwXRmgbwFcSUwVn5i0pu17bv4mDr5ttBAlnwmc3opCcDwkV8aU2JGbWyWaaJ-fys94b-SEqb7kBiS1Bszfl67iJS4855Rihg/s4032/Bild1.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2268" data-original-width="4032" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxiNzpwOfrp2Qt8r9GC3l87QdKGdpQ_Qyv6unskDYgiQ2tv9diNy_Xt-p_Kh5G_WpBKJcC-JWyb1oWX-npwSdz396pEXaEwXRmgbwFcSUwVn5i0pu17bv4mDr5ttBAlnwmc3opCcDwkV8aU2JGbWyWaaJ-fys94b-SEqb7kBiS1Bszfl67iJS4855Rihg/s320/Bild1.jpeg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Meine Magd und die Mädels vom benachbarten Haushalt beim Korbflechten. - <i>My maid and the lasses of the neighbour's household in basket weaving. (photo: B. Haug)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnfaHrMZrDRmeAhrGauZSv478DOINIkql8UT_pjXFgbvZXm1MAodDWvqJYGs1QuH61RXRRPWqOCARVUrx_Yzx30nFMtLHwUgT5yUkZPKWju6rAHfpsGQvCG64XumSOP3CDnLSariX5dnNJR_CqEGpFw0zKjvzuxbf_1MvYZAxYNvuIThu90i4nycp4y5Y/s6016/Bild8.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6016" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnfaHrMZrDRmeAhrGauZSv478DOINIkql8UT_pjXFgbvZXm1MAodDWvqJYGs1QuH61RXRRPWqOCARVUrx_Yzx30nFMtLHwUgT5yUkZPKWju6rAHfpsGQvCG64XumSOP3CDnLSariX5dnNJR_CqEGpFw0zKjvzuxbf_1MvYZAxYNvuIThu90i4nycp4y5Y/w400-h266/Bild8.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nach dem Wäschewaschen im Hof unserer Nachbarn. - <i>After the laundry in our neighbour's court. (photo: Stefan Winter)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>After the maids had done the laundry with the mayor, they brought us water to the meadow, which we mowed despite the bad weather. After that, numerous men from the area, including the hunters, gathered at the Steigengasthaus to begin the patrol. After all, we had 3 rifles and 1 shotgun. Striping was also imposed on Württemberg subjects [10]. The craftsman who had been seized the day before was seized and taken to the bailiff in Hall. The mouse catcher was kicked out and expelled from the village. The Jewish shopkeeper was lucky, although he could hardly afford the personal tax [11]. He was supposed to give the Steigenwirt 6 Kreuzer a day. The patrol was of little use, because the customs station was attacked at night. One of the perpetrators is said to have worn an old uniform coat. All were masked. I didn't hear anything about it except the ditch rider's report that suspicious rabble was sneaking around outside. The allegedly drunk hunters did not help the customs officer in the nightly attack.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY0u7Psn_qC4K_3J8wR46_mlc2YFyNsDJwjSaE-yO--GFHd-p2NW-S9Qbcev5H0hts0RmZv71Y1YuwDOouCxX3pAhQ94MsIzUxxPffzwNxe0sAYJbK6Y6DAGWqgD6H1U9XGAOg_GlRLJqlOv2uv4mHgLj3S1vdITYkDv8iCtKHXY9KtGNmbZLBDU3S-Ys/s5276/Bild14.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3517" data-original-width="5276" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY0u7Psn_qC4K_3J8wR46_mlc2YFyNsDJwjSaE-yO--GFHd-p2NW-S9Qbcev5H0hts0RmZv71Y1YuwDOouCxX3pAhQ94MsIzUxxPffzwNxe0sAYJbK6Y6DAGWqgD6H1U9XGAOg_GlRLJqlOv2uv4mHgLj3S1vdITYkDv8iCtKHXY9KtGNmbZLBDU3S-Ys/w400-h266/Bild14.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Heuernte. - <i>Haymaking. (photo: Helene Engel)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifofBHqCJhFqpBk5Wjm3yqXRaiIf6-KaKeoC3fSoYZ71GPblCk_1mC1KD19VLS1o2xkBKiaQ1TSU2SfcgLM4DarKLcsFI9jvosj9m2SC4zFcfWizDAHhOOs0MNflcncsHQ-gDkxkanOvLieh-Kxv82yPSf5h68kbRLWonKoKfg1Qn6JqcmbPjSWlZ6GUk/s6016/Bild7.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6016" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifofBHqCJhFqpBk5Wjm3yqXRaiIf6-KaKeoC3fSoYZ71GPblCk_1mC1KD19VLS1o2xkBKiaQ1TSU2SfcgLM4DarKLcsFI9jvosj9m2SC4zFcfWizDAHhOOs0MNflcncsHQ-gDkxkanOvLieh-Kxv82yPSf5h68kbRLWonKoKfg1Qn6JqcmbPjSWlZ6GUk/w400-h266/Bild7.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Landleute bei der Heuernte. - <i>Haymaking of the peasants. (photo: Stefan Winter)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Am Sonntag gab es eine längere Andacht wegen der Mäuseplage und der Bedrohung durch die Räuberbanden. Die Untertanen wurden dazu ermahnt ihre Kinder öfter zur Schule zu schicken und fleißiger in die Betstunden zu gehen um den Zorn Gottes abzuwenden. Im Steigengasthaus kam es zu Tumulten, weil der Zöllner von Bubenorbis den Grabenreiter als Komplizen der Räuber anzeigte. Dies war mir als hällischem Schultheiß zu heiß und ich befahl den Jägern zusammen mit dem Grabenreitern einen der Verdächtigen abzuführen, während der Wirt der Roten Steige gelobte auf eine weibliche Verdächtige Acht zu geben, dass diese nicht ausbüchste und eventuell ebenfalls nach Hall dem Gesetz unterworfen zu werden. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8DmZwSaYml6WdSiTODF9RzwpIiPKkFsdeoIkfrs1iuQrm_RvSwqaEjiN9TLUNuLfuEv0sTWUbSkeV3T2cfdvXbMmKOzvNAgOR5E3-ff_8PEBqwpY7ZvTMbWNYRQGDXNcijVOtA9TBQ9PHkuE6rPkIhVS1gYINeaWoWStcVvoAkHQphmeRxOFFR_arpJQ/s4153/Bild15.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2769" data-original-width="4153" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8DmZwSaYml6WdSiTODF9RzwpIiPKkFsdeoIkfrs1iuQrm_RvSwqaEjiN9TLUNuLfuEv0sTWUbSkeV3T2cfdvXbMmKOzvNAgOR5E3-ff_8PEBqwpY7ZvTMbWNYRQGDXNcijVOtA9TBQ9PHkuE6rPkIhVS1gYINeaWoWStcVvoAkHQphmeRxOFFR_arpJQ/w400-h266/Bild15.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die Streife hat jemanden ergriffen und der Pass wird untersucht. Der Wachtmeister in roter Uniform führte die Truppe von Jägern und Einheimischen an. - <i>The patrol captured somebody and the passport is checked closely. The constable was leading the troop of hunters and locals. (photo: H. Engel)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>On Sunday there was a longer prayer because of the plague of mice and the threat of gangs of robbers. The subjects were exhorted to send their children to school more often and to attend prayer more diligently to avert the wrath of God. There was a riot in the Steigen inn because the customs officer from Bubenorbis reported the ditch rider as an accomplice to the robbers. This was too hot for me as a mayor from Hall and I ordered the hunters and the ditch rider to take one of the suspects away, while the innkeeper of the Rote Steige vowed to watch out for a female suspect so that she didn’t escape and possibly also be subject to the law according to Hall become.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmPtNMjD0FKymzxcKGmDK_XD6C110-1Cq_wMdj0b-SXjRavQN66upyhO-640BlKBTxThl5ajiSLlmienwV5EFU-xkmGdTkereuLx_ZSWMBqGpXJr8IqISLNV5Rvta-JR35jx6SRXyti_TwMdUe9TiDpebw6aWtGFZnJRJXHCXwZda5XlVopSKuS_XbZi0/s6016/Bild6.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6016" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmPtNMjD0FKymzxcKGmDK_XD6C110-1Cq_wMdj0b-SXjRavQN66upyhO-640BlKBTxThl5ajiSLlmienwV5EFU-xkmGdTkereuLx_ZSWMBqGpXJr8IqISLNV5Rvta-JR35jx6SRXyti_TwMdUe9TiDpebw6aWtGFZnJRJXHCXwZda5XlVopSKuS_XbZi0/w400-h266/Bild6.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wieder mal ins Gefängnis [12] abgeführt: der westfälische Handwerksbursche. Jäger und Grabenreiter passen auf. - <i>Observed by the hunters and the ditch rider the handyman is brought to the prison [12]. (photo: Stefan Winter)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Die drei Gemeinsmänner von Leoweiler und der Roten Steige trafen sich um über Dorfwachen zu beraten. Schultheiß, Dorfmeister, Gemeindehirte und Umgänger wurden bestimmt. Zu Dritt war man sich rasch einig. Zurück im Gasthaus wurde bald getanzt. Der Wettlauf endete mit dem Sieg einer Magd der Roten Steige, die etwas Schmuck gewann Beim Ringelstechen konnten die Landleute ein schwarzes Halstuch gewinnen. Bei dem atemberaubenden Wettbewerb fanden sich zahlreiche Zuschauer ein um anzufeuern. Auch am Sonntag musste darauf geachtet werden, dass man an der Steige oder auch beim Zöllner nicht etwa steckbrieflich gesuchte Räuber ausfindig machen konnte.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6bEq-RfWFhU1OheIg2UaQQLMnnkL9AjtRsK4wXPHWBaNaeAZydpAjo9bOATDGt4mMJ4DOIgVEQLD7f4U_w0tk10yAZeHhxiuvBuIPrA1OIUZFa_63IkdyF-FGUHQFev88iISVojmMmjrh8fqB7kwlYP9XcFD0S7wpipq7EGnEaSfuZ0HCZKdlFPDqdLk/s4032/Bild2.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6bEq-RfWFhU1OheIg2UaQQLMnnkL9AjtRsK4wXPHWBaNaeAZydpAjo9bOATDGt4mMJ4DOIgVEQLD7f4U_w0tk10yAZeHhxiuvBuIPrA1OIUZFa_63IkdyF-FGUHQFev88iISVojmMmjrh8fqB7kwlYP9XcFD0S7wpipq7EGnEaSfuZ0HCZKdlFPDqdLk/w300-h400/Bild2.jpeg" width="300" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Die Damen hatten einen Wettlauf um etwas Schmuck zu gewinnen. Hier beim Start am Eingang des Gasthauses. - <i>The ladies having a run to win some jewelry. Here you can see the start at the entry of the inn. (photo: D. van der Woldenberg)<br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>The three common men from Leoweiler and the Rote Steige met to discuss village guards. Mayor, village master, community shepherd and companions were appointed. The three of them quickly agreed. Back at the inn, there was soon dancing. The race ended with the victory of a maid from the Red Path, who won some jewelry. Numerous spectators gathered to cheer on the breathtaking competition. On Sunday, too, care had to be taken to ensure that robbers who were wanted on warrants could not be found on the climb or at the customs officer.</i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj3ZkHJkBVVbTM5P1xKsWhqxW-4RwfR-pinfxpBN35HbWFNDpsUHGVBQW5Hypk83ZZCYAurFI39EckUTkmT_J8l92tcJeVE7Y9tXnOqusbTSR9sUS4LN0na0Ovb6Tee-9xOoYRk3X6cDUwCjXW5_IED-huYDG7GHUS3RKglBg_t1PFfhM4Ck1mzKx_w7w/s4032/Bild3.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj3ZkHJkBVVbTM5P1xKsWhqxW-4RwfR-pinfxpBN35HbWFNDpsUHGVBQW5Hypk83ZZCYAurFI39EckUTkmT_J8l92tcJeVE7Y9tXnOqusbTSR9sUS4LN0na0Ovb6Tee-9xOoYRk3X6cDUwCjXW5_IED-huYDG7GHUS3RKglBg_t1PFfhM4Ck1mzKx_w7w/w400-h300/Bild3.jpeg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ringelstechen auf der Wiese. Hier einer der besten Männer. Es war eine Menge Spaß und Spannung! - <i>Ring stitching on our meadow. Here one of the best. It was a lot of excitement and fun. (photo: D. v. d. Woldemberg)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;">Die sehr schöne Veranstaltung klang für uns auf der Kegelbahn aus.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i>The very nice event ended for us on the bowling alley.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i></i></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNs0n_mJ-sDbPt2MmcEi4fo1TxwgqFelc7S5c_EKrt5otnG9i8uMQMBUVBEmvp9ErqE_UklmdEe1BfUt8nJdRLHvory-II0FMznaDxU0gGPfPSAnjS9BRvRKWCxOf7KyObX46wUZSkuqUyzUdRcBYTQHdyxNdrHCXYTlLqLPo8rFJNlSgxd9vFSbMHKRA/s14044/Bild4.HEIC" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3932" data-original-width="14044" height="113" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNs0n_mJ-sDbPt2MmcEi4fo1TxwgqFelc7S5c_EKrt5otnG9i8uMQMBUVBEmvp9ErqE_UklmdEe1BfUt8nJdRLHvory-II0FMznaDxU0gGPfPSAnjS9BRvRKWCxOf7KyObX46wUZSkuqUyzUdRcBYTQHdyxNdrHCXYTlLqLPo8rFJNlSgxd9vFSbMHKRA/w400-h113/Bild4.HEIC" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Abendstimmung an der Kegelbahn. - <i>Evening at the bowling alley. (photo: J. Guhl)</i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"><i><br /> </i></span><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Fotos: S. Winter, M. Leyendecker, B. Haug, D. van der Woldenberg, J. Guhl, H. Engel (Bildrechte bei den Erstellern der Fotos)<br /></b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Text: André Hanselmann</b><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Notizen / <i>Notes</i>:<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">1) Bei unserer ersten Veranstaltung 2010 waren wir weniger als 30 Aktive. - <i>Less then 30 participants were at our first event.</i> Siehe hier: https://wackershofenannodomini.blogspot.com/2015/09/</p><p style="text-align: justify;">2) In Ermangelung einer gedruckten Fassung der Erlässe von 1768. <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Kreis-Convents-Dictata De Annis 1768/69, o.S.,
Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Hall, Sig. 4/5186</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">3) Jaunerpatent 1751. Schwäbischer Kreis.<br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;">4) Der historische Zöllner selbst galt als Bandenmitglied. - <i>The historical custom officer was known as a member of the gang of robbers.</i><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">5) Entsprechend dem Erlass von Kaiser Karl VI. von 1731. -<i> According to a decree by emperor Charles VI in 1731.</i> Dazu auch: B. Iländer "Verfassung und Verwaltung der Reichsstadt Schwäbisch Hall" STA SHA, 2001, S. 157</p><p style="text-align: justify;">6) Diese Mäuseplage gab es tatsächlich wie Eintragungen im Ratsprotokoll vom Juni 1773 berichten. - <i>The protocol of the council reflected in June 1773 about the mouse plague.</i><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">7) Erfolglose Versuche gegen diese Bande gab es im Juni 1773. - <i>In June 1773 there were unsuccessfull attempts to destroy the gang.</i> <span style="font-size: 12pt;">Kreistagsakten, Ulm, 1773, Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch
Hall, Sig. 4/5192</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">8) Zeitgen. Quellen bezeugen, dass dies im 18. Jh. üblich war, weshalb die Dorfschulmeister für diese Zeit auch weniger Schulgeld von der Reichsstadt erhielten. - <i>Contemporary sources are showing that during the 18th century usually the teachers of the village got less school fees in Summer.<br /></i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">9) In Haft und hingerichtet in Hall 1752. - <i>He and his complices were in prison and executed in Hall in 1752.</i> </span></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<style>
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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
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mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
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mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
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<![endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">10) „Rechte
der Stadt Hall im Amt Rosengarten“, ca 1750, S. 12-12f, Stadtarchiv S.-H., Sig. 4/509</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">11) zu Judenleibzöllen siehe: </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Andreas Maisch: „Mayer Seligmann, Judt zu
Unterlimburg. Juden in Schwäbisch Hall und Steinbach 1688-1802“ Hohenloher
Verlagshaus, Schwäbisch Hall, 2001, S. 61-63</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Normale Tabelle";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
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mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
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mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
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<![endif]--></p>Amtmann B.http://www.blogger.com/profile/02939313112868431455noreply@blogger.com6